Ion channels formed in planar lipid bilayers by the dipteran-specific Cry4B Bacillus thuringiensis toxin and its alpha1-alpha5 fragment.

Abstract:

:Trypsin activation of Cry4B, a 130-kDa Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein, produces a 65-kDa toxin active against mosquito larvae. The active toxin is made of two protease resistant-products of ca. 45 kDa and ca. 20 kDa. The cloned 21-kDa fragment consisting of the N-terminal region of the toxin was previously shown to be capable of permeabilizing liposomes. The present study was designed to test the following hypotheses: (1) Cry4B, like several other Bt toxins, is a channel-forming toxin in plannar lipid bilayers; and (2) the 21-kDa N-terminal region, which maps for the first five helices (alpha1-alpha5) of domain 1 in other Cry toxins, and which putatively shares a similar tri-dimensional structure, is sufficient to account for the ion channel activity of the whole toxin. Using circular dichroism spectroscopy and planar lipid bilayers, we showed that the 21-kDa polypeptide existed as an alpha-helical structure and that both Cry4B and its alpha1-alpha5 fragment formed ion channels of 248 +/- 44 pS and 207 +/- 23 pS, respectively. The channels were cation-selective with a potassium-to-chloride permeability ratio of 6.7 for Cry4B and 4.5 for its fragment. However, contrary to the full-length toxin, the alpha1-alpha5 region formed channels at low dose; they tended to remain locked in their open state and displayed flickering activity bouts. Thus, like the full-length toxin, the alpha1-alpha5 region is a functional channel former. A pH-dependent, yet undefined region of the toxin may be involved in regulating the channel properties.

journal_name

Mol Membr Biol

authors

Puntheeranurak T,Uawithya P,Potvin L,Angsuthanasombat C,Schwartz JL

doi

10.1080/09687680310001625792

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-01-01 00:00:00

pages

67-74

issue

1

eissn

0968-7688

issn

1464-5203

pii

QXT268M2KNC9PJAH

journal_volume

21

pub_type

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