Abstract:
:Membrane proteins are ubiquitous in biology and are key targets for therapeutic development. Despite this, our structural understanding has lagged behind that of their soluble counterparts. This review provides an overview of this important field, focusing in particular on the recent resurgence of electron microscopy (EM) and the increasing role it has to play in the structural studies of membrane proteins, and illustrating this through several case studies. In addition, we examine some of the challenges remaining in structural determination, and what steps are underway to enhance our knowledge of these enigmatic proteins.
journal_name
Mol Membr Bioljournal_title
Molecular membrane biologyauthors
Rawson S,Davies S,Lippiat JD,Muench SPdoi
10.1080/09687688.2016.1221533subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-01 00:00:00pages
12-22issue
1-2eissn
0968-7688issn
1464-5203journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Constitutive secretion is used to deliver newly synthesized proteins to the cell surface and to the extracellular milieu. The trans-Golgi network is a key station along this route that mediates sorting of proteins into distinct transport pathways, aided in part by clathrin and adaptor proteins. Subsequent movement of ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/0968768031000084172
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present review introduces the concept of 'non-permanent membrane proteins', to encompass the wide variety of proteins that are not found in a stable membrane-bound form under physiological conditions, yet they interact with the membrane at some stage of their specific course of action. Non-permanent membrane prote...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/0968768021000035078
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homotypic fusion between early endosomes can be reconstituted in vitro. By using wortmannin and LY294002, inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol (Pl) 3-kinase, a requirement for this activity has been established in order for fusion to proceed efficiently. It has been shown that Pl 3-kinase activity is required downstream...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/096876899294788
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work from our laboratory has established bovine hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for studying neuronal receptors such as the G-protein coupled serotonin1A receptor. In this paper, we have explored the organization and dynamics of bovine hippocampal membranes using environment-sensitive and...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860600803223
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipids (rafts), and specific proteins are involved in important physiological functions. However their structure, size and stability are still controversial. Given that detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) are in the liquid-ordered state and are rich in raft-like c...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687688.2014.949319
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances have revealed much about the signaling events and molecular components associated with autophagy. Although it is clear that there are multiple points of intersection and connection between autophagy and known vesicular membrane transport processes between membrane compartments, autophagy is modulated b...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687688.2013.850178
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous membrane adsorption, folding and insertion of the synthetic WALP16 and KALP16 peptides was studied by computer simulations starting from completely extended conformations. The peptides were simulated using an unmodified all-atom force field in combination with an efficient Monte Carlo sampling algorithm. T...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680802020313
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A structural characterization of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the fourth transmembrane domain (M4-TMD) of the gamma-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica has been undertaken. Solid-state NMR and CD spectroscopy studies indicate that upon reconstitution into lipid vesicles or ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860500370653
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-based therapies aided by nanoparticles have been developed for decades, and can be primarily categorized into two main platforms. First, delivery of payload of photo-reactive drugs (photosensitizers) using the conventional nanoparticles, and second, design and development of photo-triggerable nanoparticles (...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687688.2010.507788
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caveolae are approximately 50-100 nm membrane micro-invaginations associated with the plasma membrane of a wide variety of cells. Although they were first identified in transmission electron micrographs approximately 40 years ago, their exact function(s) has remained controversial. Two well-established functions inclu...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687689509038506
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ADP-ribosylation factor related protein 1 (ARFRP1) is a member of the ARF-family of GTPases which operate as molecular switches in the regulation of intracellular protein traffic. Deletion of the mouse Arfrp1 gene leads to embryonic lethality during early gastrulation, suggesting that ARFRP1 is required for cell adhes...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860600840100
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Amt/Mep/Rh family of integral membrane proteins comprises ammonium transporters of bacteria, archaea and eukarya, as well as the Rhesus proteins found in animals. They play a central role in the uptake of reduced nitrogen for biosynthetic purposes, in energy metabolism, or in renal excretion. Recent structural inf...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680701388423
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::CitS of Klebsiella pneumoniae and GltS of Escherichia coli are Na+-dependent secondary transporters from different families that are believed to share the same fold and quaternary structure. A 10 kDa protein tag (Biotin Acceptor Domain [BAD]) was fused to the N-terminus of both proteins (CitS-BAD1 and GltS-BAD1, respe...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687688.2011.581252
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation is aimed at defining the structural requirements for aliphatic polyamines to interact with mitochondrial binding sites, which are relevant for the regulation of the permeability transition and for mitochondrial polyamine uptake. The triamines N-aminoethyl-1,2-diaminoethane (dien) and N-aminopropyl-1...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680310001654916
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calpain, an intracellular calcium-dependent protease, is activated at cell membranes and cleaves cytoskeletal and submembranous proteins. Calpain is inferred to be a calcium-dependent regulator for cytoskeletal reorganization. Calpastatin, an endogenous calpain inhibitor, inhibits not only the proteolytic activity of ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687689609160599
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotransmitter receptor trafficking in and out synapses has emerged as a key process to regulate synaptic transmission during synaptic development and plasticity both at excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Lateral diffusion of surface neurotransmitter receptors has recently emerged as a key pathway to regulate recep...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680801958364
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of epithelial cell polarity, which can arise following disruption of tight junctions (TJs), is a precursor to the care-fully orchestrated removal of moribund cells from epithelia in apoptosis. Ordinarily, this cycle of events has minimally disruptive effects on the function of the epithelial barrier, but some age...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/0968768021000061150
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant progress has been made in membrane protein engineering over the last 5 years, based largely on the re-design of existing scaffolds. Engineering techniques that have been employed include direct genetic engineering, both covalent and non-covalent modification, unnatural amino acid mutagenesis and total synt...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680410001716853
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of Signal Peptidase I (SPasel) molecules per E. coli cell was determined using western blot techniques. Different strains were found to contain approximately 1000 SPasel molecules per cell during exponential growth. Based on the activity of SPasel in vitro it could be estimated that this amount is sufficien...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689509072437
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serotonin1A (5-HT1A) receptors are members of a superfamily of seven transmembrane domain receptors that couple to G-proteins. They appear to be involved in various behavioural and cognitive functions. This paper reports an efficient strategy to solubilize 5-HT1A receptors from bovine hippocampal membranes using t...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680210149586
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of prenyltransferases produce linear lipids by catalyzing consecutive condensation reactions of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) with specific numbers of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), a common building block of isoprenoid compounds. Depending on the stereochemistry of the double bonds formed during IPP condensation...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687688.2012.674162
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters (SLC29) are a family of proteins that transport nucleosides, nucleobases and nucleoside analogue drugs across cellular membranes. ENT1 is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian tissues and responsible for a significant portion of nucleoside analog drug uptake in humans. Despite the i...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687688.2011.604861
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular-targeted drug delivery systems could provide more efficient and effective pharmaceutical interventions for treating a variety of diseases including cardiovascular, pulmonary, inflammatory, and malignant disorders. However, several factors must be taken into account when designing these systems. The diverse bl...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/09687688.2010.499548
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that a mixture of cerebrosides obtained from dried tubers of herb Typhonium giganteum Engl. plays a neuroprotective role in the ischemic brain through its effect on activation of BK(Ca) channels. It is very curious to know whether a single pure cerebroside compound could activate the BK(Ca) ch...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687688.2010.538731
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::'No cellular organelle has been the subject of as many, as long-lasting or as diverse polemics as the Golgi apparatus'. This statement was made by Whaley almost 30 years ago in the book The Golgi Apparatus and still holds true today, perhaps more then ever. Why is this? How come something as mundane as a series of int...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/0968768031000114024
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Saccharomyces cerevisiae Jen1p is a lactate/proton symporter belonging to the lactate/pyruvate:H(+) symporter subfamily (TC#2.A.1.12.2) of the Major Facilitator Superfamily. We investigated structure-function relationships of Jen1p using a rational mutational analysis based on the identification of conserved amino ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687680701342669
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular events and the protein components that are involved in signalling by the T cell receptor (TCR) for antigen have been extensively studied. Activation of signalling cascades following TCR stimulation depends on the phosphorylation of the receptor by the tyrosine kinase Lck, which localizes to the cytoplasm...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687860500453673
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Notch is a vitally important signalling receptor controlling cell fate determination and pattern formation in numerous ways during development of both invertebrate and vertebrate species. An intriguing pathway for the Notch signal has emerged where, after ligand-dependent proteolysis, an intracellular fragment of the ...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09687680110112929
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In hair cells of the inner ear, phosphatidylserine (PS), detected with fluorescent annexin V labeling, was rapidly exposed on the external leaflet of apical plasma membranes upon dissection of the organ of Corti. PS externalization was unchanged by caspase inhibition, suggesting that externalization did not portend ap...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09687860600926883
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven sequenced anion exchanger (AE; band 3) proteins, including five AE1, four AE2 and two AE3 proteins, comprise the anion exchanger family (AEF) of homologous proteins. Eliminating the rat and rabbit proteins that are nearly identical to the corresponding mouse proteins, seven dissimilar members of this family wer...
journal_title:Molecular membrane biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/09687689509027507
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00