Abstract：
:The effects of forced swimming for 30 min on extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels were examined in five brain regions in rats using in vivo microdialysis. A single dialysis probe was implanted under surgical anesthesia into either the striatum, ventral hippocampus, frontal cortex, amygdala, or lateral septum on the day before the study. Dialysate content of 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was measured by HPLC. Forced swimming elevated extracellular levels of 5-HT in the striatum to a maximum of 90% above baseline. In contrast, forced swimming reduced 5-HT levels in the amygdala and lateral septum to 50 and 40% of baseline, respectively. In the hippocampus and frontal cortex, 5-HT levels were not altered significantly by forced swimming. In all five brain regions, forced swimming reduced 5-HIAA levels to 45-60% of baseline. These results suggest that forced swimming modulates 5-HT neurotransmission in a regionally specific manner. Aside from being a significant biological stressor, the forced swimming test is used as an animal behavioral model to detect antidepressant drugs, including drugs that alter 5-HT neurotransmission. It is possible that the alterations of extracellular levels of 5-HT produced by forced swimming in certain brain regions may be associated with the ability of antidepressant drugs to selectively alter behavioral performance during the forced swimming test.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Kirby LG,Allen AR,Lucki Idoi
10.1016/0006-8993(95)00349-usubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-06-05 00:00:00pages
189-96issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(95)00349-Ujournal_volume
682pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Opioid antagonists block the positive hedonic response to food taste and are potent inhibitors of palatability-driven feeding. However, the specific brain regions within which opioid peptide secretion contributes to the maintenance of palatability-driven feeding have not been clearly established. In the present study,...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00719-7
更新日期：1998-09-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurotoxicity of ionomycin, a Ca2+ ionophore, was investigated in cultured cortical neurons from embryonic rats. While about 90% of neurons survived 2 h after exposure to ionomycin, the surviving neurons had decreased by about 30 to 40% at 16 h. Both RNA and protein synthesis inhibitors blocked this neurotoxicity....
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)90317-4
更新日期：1994-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the effect of locally infused guanfacine, an alpha2A-adrenergic agonist, into the ventral prefrontal cortex (PFv) on visuomotor associative learning. Two monkeys were well trained on a two-problem visuomotor associative task: the monkeys performed movement A if presented with a circle pa...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.07.062
更新日期：2004-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following cerebral infarction exerts functional improvements. Previous research has suggested potential therapeutic mechanisms that promote neuroprotection and synaptogenesis. These include secretion of neurotrophic factors, remodeling of neural circuits, restor...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.033
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (GluR) subunits was studied in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW) of chicks and pigeons. GluR1, GluR2, GluR3 and GluR4 subunits appeared to be present in EW neurons of both species, but interspecific differences were observed in the abundance of the different types of su...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02919-0
更新日期：2002-08-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Besides motor impairment, PD patients exhibit non-motor symptoms that negatively impact their quality of life and often manifest prior to motor deficits. One such symptom is mild cognitive imp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.035
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The total number of neurosensory cells in the mouse vomeronasal organ was estimated during postnatal development by counting the cell density and measuring the total volume of the neurosensory cell layer. There is a 43% increase in neurosensory cell number between 1 and 4 months of age, followed by a 21% fall in cell ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(80)90675-7
更新日期：1980-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The anesthetic-sedative barbiturate pentobarbital (PB) and the anticonvulsant barbiturate phenobarbital (PhB) were applied to mammalian spinal cord neurons in primary dissociated cell culture to assess their effects on: (1) postsynaptic GABA-responses; (2) paroxysmal activity produced by the convulsant bicuculline; (3...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)91179-3
更新日期：1981-03-23 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, a single unit activity was recorded in the nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi), located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized, morphine-dependent rats. The spontaneous activity of PGi neurons was significantly decreased by administration of morphine (10 mg/kg; i.p.) in sham-operated, cont...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01029-4
更新日期：1998-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The gustatory responses of the Mongolian gerbil were tested with 12 sugar alcohols. The electrophysiological effectiveness of the linear polyols as gustatory stimulants increased as the length of the carbon chain increased from 2 to 5. Six and 7 carbon acyclic polyols were no more effective than the pentitols. By comp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(76)90861-1
更新日期：1976-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Caspases, a family of cysteine proteases, are widely activated in neurons and glia in the injured brain, a response thought to induce apoptosis. However, caspase activation in astrocytes following injury is not strongly associated with apoptosis. The present study investigates the potential role of caspase activation ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.056
更新日期：2012-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity was measured in adrenal glands and medulla oblongata from 4 inbred rat strains, Fischer 344, Buffalo, Lewis and Sprague-Dawley rats. Adrenal enzyme activity was markedly different among the strains with the highest in Fischer, followed by Sprague-Dawley, Lewis and...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)91476-9
更新日期：1986-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of kindling induced in developing rat pups were re-examined when the rats reached maturity. Eighteen-day-old rats, implanted with bipolar electrodes, were separated into the following 4 groups: the fully kindled group consisted of pups that developed generalized convulsions; the partially kindled group of ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(82)90097-9
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While exercise is commonly recommended for PD patients to improve motor function, little is known about the disease-altering potential of exercise. Although others have demonstrated neuroprotective or neurorestorative effects of exercise in animal models of PD, the majority of these studies utilize young animals. In o...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.032
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the protective effects of minocycline following white matter damage (WMD) in the rat striatum. Excitotoxic lesions were induced by N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) microinjections and caused striatal damage, concomitant with microglial/macrophage activation. The excitotoxic lesion both damaged oligodendrocy...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.03.007
更新日期：2010-05-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacology of excitatory cholinergic responses in CA1 pyramidal cells was examined in detail using intracellular recording from the hippocampal slice preparation. Acetylcholine (ACh), carbachol, muscarine and pilocarpine depolarized the membrane potential with an associated increase in input resistance. In addit...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90434-7
更新日期：1984-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged electrical stimulation of the perforant pathway in the rat evokes epileptiform discharges in dentate granule cells and irreversibly damages hilar neurons. In this in vivo study, we demonstrate that similar perforant path stimulation in C57Bl/6 mice causes the same pattern of hippocampal neuron loss. Therefor...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.055
更新日期：2006-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:In synaptosomal preparations from rat cerebral cortex, ouabain-sensitive Rb+ uptake was stimulated by ethanol (20-80 mM). Based on differential sensitivity to ouabain, 80% of this Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity represented activity of the alpha 1 isozyme while 20% was due to the alpha 2 and/or alpha 3 isozymes (alpha 2/ alp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)90386-7
更新日期：1994-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The overall volume of the three main inferior olivary (ION) subnuclei increases four-fold between the day of birth (PO) and P21. The rate of this increase is uneven; between P10 and P15 there is an abrupt acceleration which parallels the period of intense synaptogenesis and maturation of the neuropil. The growth of th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(84)90029-4
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Double immunocytochemistry using peroxidase-antiperoxidase and protein A-gold was performed to determine whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactive neurons receive synaptic inputs from catecholaminergic axon terminals in the rat neostriatum. Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive axons were found to be in synaptic conta...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(88)90484-2
更新日期：1988-08-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The recently identified neuropeptide QRFP(26) is predominantly expressed in the hypothalamus and was suggested to play a role in the regulation of food intake following the observation of an acute orexigenic effect after central administration in mice. QRFP(26) exerts its effect via GPR103 and a newly identified recep...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.055
更新日期：2006-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The extracellular lactate concentration and blood flow in the cerebral cortex of urethane-anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated rats were monitored continuously and simultaneously using an enzyme electrode and a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF), respectively, during chemical stimulation of the nucleus tract...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01428-x
更新日期：1997-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:It was previously reported that chronic food restriction and maintenance of rats at 75-80% of initial body weight enhanced the reward-potentiating effect of D-amphetamine in the lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation (LHSS) paradigm. Moreover, the enhancement reversed in parallel with body weight recovery when ad libit...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.03.002
更新日期：2006-05-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study has examined the involvement of sensory neurotransmitters in activating neurones in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis following stimulation of the trigeminovascular system in anaesthetised guinea-pigs. Electrical stimulation of the right trigeminal ganglion produced a unilateral expression of Fos-like ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00930-x
更新日期：1997-11-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats received a unilateral lesion of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) by infusion of ibotenic acid. Starting 2 weeks after the lesion, the animals were treated with nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by intraparenchymal infusion of 3 micrograms per day for 4 weeks. Lesioned ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)91775-2
更新日期：1994-03-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were administered haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Twenty percent of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons recorded were not spontaneously active, while no such neuron was observed in control animals. A further 22% of neurons (spontaneously active) had rates greater than 2 standard deviations from the mean of LC c...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90346-4
更新日期：1985-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrical activities of thin hippocampal sections of the guinea pig were studied in vitro during and after administration of black widow spider venom (BSV). In CA3 neurons, BSV induced spontaneous discharges which were suppressed by Co2+ or Mn2+. During BSV administration, trains of potential changes resembling excit...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(82)90103-2
更新日期：1982-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the GABAA agonist, isoguvacine, on NMDA-induced burst firing of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons were studied with intracellular and whole cell recordings in vitro. NMDA application caused the neurons to fire in rhythmic bursts. Although the NMDA-induced bursty firing pattern was insensitive to hyp...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01484-5
更新日期：1999-06-19 00:00:00
abstract：:During the early postnatal development of the rat large numbers of pyramidal tract neurons are present in layer V of the occipital cortex, but by the end of the third postnatal week the distribution of pyramidal tract neurons becomes restricted to the more rostral cortical areas. This restriction is brought about by s...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90661-4
更新日期：1985-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] is a potent neurotoxicant in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. We have previously reported that neonatal exposure to DDT affects the muscarinic cholinergic receptors (MAChR) in the cerebral cortex in the neonatal mouse, leading to permanent disturbances in th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90144-x
更新日期：1992-06-12 00:00:00
