Abstract：
:Balamuthia amoebic encephalitis (BAE), caused by the protozoan pathogen, Balamuthia mandrillaris, is a serious human disease with fatal consequences and a mortality rate of more than 95%. A key factor that contributes to the high mortality is the incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis and pathophysiology. The most distressing aspect is that the high level of mortality is due to lack of awareness combined with the lack of effective drugs. Early diagnosis followed by aggressive treatment may lead to cure. Several lines of evidence suggest that BAE develops as a result of haematogenous spread, but it is unclear how circulating amoebae enter the central nervous system and cause inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption and neuronal injury. Recent studies have identified several parasite-host determinants for B. mandrillaris translocation of the blood-brain barrier, and host inflammatory markers that may be associated with neuronal injury. These determinants may provide important targets for the prevention and treatment of BAE. Here, we present a brief overview of the current understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of BAE, available diagnostic methods, possible therapeutic interventions and biology of the causative agent.
journal_name
Microb Pathogjournal_title
Microbial pathogenesisauthors
Siddiqui R,Khan NAdoi
10.1016/j.micpath.2007.06.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
89-97issue
2eissn
0882-4010issn
1096-1208pii
S0882-4010(07)00114-3journal_volume
44pub_type
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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doi：10.1016/j.micpath.2012.01.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0882-4010(86)90067-7
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has coevolved with a human host to evade and exploit the immune system in multiple ways. Mtb is an enormously successful human pathogen that can remain undetected in hosts for decades without causing clinical disease. While tuberculosis (TB) represents a perfect prototype of host-patho...
journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ica operon and aap gene are important factors for Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation. However, we found 15 out of 101 S. epidermidis strains isolated from patients had both the ica operon and the aap gene in the genome but could not form biofilms (ica(+)aap(+)/BF(-) isolates). Compared with standard stra...
journal_title：Microbial pathogenesis
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更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
