Abstract：
:Using an in vitro system we measured the corneal epithelial cytotoxicity and the antiviral activity of the antiviral agents idoxuridine (IDU), trifluridine (TFT), ethyldeoxyuridine (EDU), and (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU). Confluent rabbit corneal epithelial cell cultures were established, and the antiviral agents were added for 5, 30, or 60 min at a range of concentrations including that used clinically (IDU 0.1%, TFT 1.0%, BVDU 0.1%, EDU 2.0%). Twelve hour [3H]thymidine incorporation then was measured and expressed as % inhibition of control cultures. In separate experiments confluent corneal epithelial cell monolayers were inoculated with 10(4) plaque forming units (PFU) of HSV type 1 (McKrae strain) for 1 h, and IDU 0.1%, TFT 1.0%, and BVDU 0.1% were added to the culture for determination of PFU inhibition. Significant dose-, but not time-dependent, toxicity was observed at the clinical concentrations of IDU, TFT, and EDU. Toxicity was absent for BVDU. TFT and IDU were the most toxic, and EDU was of intermediate toxicity. IDU, TFT, and BVDU showed significant antiviral activity in this corneal epithelial cell culture system (TFT greater than BVDU greater than IDU). The results of this in vitro study paralleled the findings of previous in vivo corneal epithelial toxicity studies of IDU, TFT, and BVDU. Our data, however, suggest that EDU has a potential for clinical toxicity and further studies are recommended. Our model may be useful in the future toxicologic study of new antiviral agents.
journal_name
Antiviral Resjournal_title
Antiviral researchauthors
Imperia PS,Lazarus HM,Dunkel EC,Pavan-Langston D,Geary PA,Lass JHdoi
10.1016/0166-3542(88)90057-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
263-72issue
4eissn
0166-3542issn
1872-9096pii
0166-3542(88)90057-5journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Previous studies of IFN-stimulated transcription factors in murine cells have identified a variety of trans-acting factors that bind to the IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) whose role in gene expression remain unclear. The present investigation was undertaken to delineate the signal transduction pathway as well ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)90099-x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infectious bursal disease (IBD) leads to considerable economic losses for the poultry industry by inducing severe immunosuppression and high mortality in chickens. The objective of this study was to determine if RNA interference (RNAi) could be utilized to inhibit IBDV replication in vitro. We selected 3 short interfe...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.11.007
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heterocycle, 4,6-dibenzamidopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (DBAPP), inhibited cytopathology induced by human, mouse, and vervet monkey cytomegaloviruses (CMV) in vitro at 0.2 to 0.5 microM, but did not inhibit cell replication at less than or equal to 30 microM. Herpes simplex viruses were unaffected by the inhibitor. ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(90)90040-e
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Buffalopox virus, a zoonotic Indian vaccinia-like virus, is responsible for contagious disease affecting mainly buffaloes, cattle and humans. H3L gene, encoding for an immunodominant major envelope protein of intracellular mature virion of orthopoxviruses, is highly conserved and found to elicit neutralizing antibodie...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.12.004
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genital herpes, caused by either herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), is a significant public health problem worldwide. It increases the risk of infection with HIV, upregulates HIV after infection and can be associated with serious morbidity and mortality. It is now known that clinical and subclinical v...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2004.06.002
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stilbenoids including resveratrol contain the basic structural unit of 1,2-diphenylethylene. Naturally occurring stilbenoids have broad structural features due to oligomerization and modifications and some have demonstrated potent biological activities. In an effort to identify bioactive stilbenoids, we screened a gro...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.05.001
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied susceptibility to herpes labialis by exposing 20 volunteers to experimental ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on three occasions at 3- to 4-month intervals. The number of patients who developed lesions after each session was 9/20 (45%), 9/20 (45%) and 14/20 (70%). Herpes simplex virus (HSV) was isolated from 21/2...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(95)00038-n
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An estimated 15-20 million individuals are co-infected by hepatitis B and hepatitis D virus worldwide and are at high risk of developing end-stage liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma. While HBV viremia can now be controlled in the vast majority of individuals by nucleoside analogs, leading to a delay of ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.08.009
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antiviral effect of foscarnet (PFA) on the replication of rotavirus, a member of the Reoviridae, was studied. The pyrophosphate analogue is an effective inhibitor of several viral polymerases acting on the enzyme pyrophosphate binding site. Replication of rotavirus in MA104 cells using different u.o.i. was inhibit...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)00085-m
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prunellin, an anti-HIV active compound, was isolated from aqueous extracts of the Chinese medicinal herb, Prunella vulgaris, and purified to chromatographic homogeneity. Infrared and NMR spectroscopy identified prunellin as a polysaccharide. Elemental analyses, precipitation with calcium(II), barium(II), or 9-aminoacr...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(89)90036-3
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of our studies on the molecular basis for the antiherpes activity of 5'-AdThd (5'-amino-5'-deoxythymidine), a study of the HSV-1 DNA synthesized in infected Vero cells exposed to 5'-AdThd was undertaken. Unlike many other antiviral nucleoside analogs, 5'-AdThd did not inhibit HSV-1 DNA synthesis. Analysis of t...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(84)90032-9
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Desferrioxamine (DFO) is commonly used in therapy as a chelator of ferric ion in disorders of iron overload. We found that DFO inhibits human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication in infected cultures of human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) at concentrations that have been achieved in humans with no significant adverse effec...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)90095-7
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SAMHD1 is a triphosphohydrolase that restricts HIV-1 by limiting the intracellular dNTP pool required for reverse transcription. Although SAMHD1 is expressed and active/unphosphorylated in most cell lines, its restriction activity is thought to be relevant only in non-cycling cells. However, an in depth evaluation of ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.019
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parvovirus B19 (B19V), a single-stranded DNA virus in the family Parvoviridae, is a human pathogenic virus responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations. Currently there is no approved antiviral therapy for parvovirus infection. The acyclic nucleoside phosphonate cidofovir (CDV) has been demonstrated to inhi...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first 230 residues of the 298-amino acid glycoprotein G of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are sufficient to confer complete resistance to challenge with live RSV, whereas the first 180 residues completely failed (Olmsted et al. (1989) J. Virol. 63, 411-420). The characterization of a protective epitope correspo...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(95)00053-4
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:This paper presents the public health rationale for multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) based on regional trends in demographic and SRH indicators. It then distils important lessons gleaned from the introduction of contraceptive and reproductive health product...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.019
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) composed entirely of deoxyguanosine and thymidine, but not specifically designed to act as antisense agents, were able to significantly inhibit herpes simplex virus growth in acute infection assay systems. The guanosine/thymidine (GT) ODNs which demonstrated this antiviral activity contain...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)00064-f
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A synthetic muramyldipeptide (MDP) and two analogues, B30-MDP and MDP-Lys(L18), augmented serum interferon (IFN) production in mice by the inducers lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), and also augmented immune IFN production induced by purified protein derivative (PPD) in myco...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(85)90004-x
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixteen herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and four type 2 (HSV-2) isolates resistant to acyclovir (ACV) were characterized retrospectively for drug resistance. Phenotypic testing was performed by means of tetrazolium reduction assay and genotypic analysis was carried out by sequencing of thymidine kinase (TK) and DN...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.03.002
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studying the biogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and developing anti-HBV agents require analytical methods to quantify viral DNA levels inside host cells. The well-accepted Southern blotting method is only semi-quantitative, while the other widely used methods (based on qPCR) ...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.06.002
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because encapsulation of antiviral drugs in liposomes resulted generally in improved activity against retroviral replication in vivo, the antiviral effects of free-SPC3 and liposome-associated SPC3 were compared in cultured human lymphocytes infected with HIV-1. SPC3 was entrapped in various liposomal formulations, ei...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00002-5
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostaglandins are potentially useful antiviral agents, however their mechanism of action is unclear. Recent evidence suggests that RNA transcription of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is inhibited by prostaglandins (Bader and Ankel, J. Gen. Virol. 71, 2823-2832, 1990). Prostaglandins are known to have multiple effec...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)00067-i
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently used antiretroviral therapy is highly successful but there is still a need for new effective and safe prophylactics and therapeutics. We have previously identified and characterized a human engineered antibody domain (eAd), m36, which exhibits potent broadly neutralizing activity against HIV-1 by targeting a...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.08.004
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:End stage liver disease caused by chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading indication for liver transplantation, yet outcomes are poor since the liver graft is rapidly re-infected by HCV. Antibodies against the essential HCV receptor CD81 have been shown to inhibit HCV cell entry in vitro and in...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.10.018
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three SAH hydrolase inhibitors, (RS)-3-adenin-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid (isobutyl ester) [(RS)-AHPA]; (RS)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine [(RS)-DHPA] and the carbocyclic analog of 3-deazaadenosine (C-c3Ado) were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and potato virus X (PVX). Usi...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(90)90067-h
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an ongoing effort to identify an orally bioavailable compound for the treatment of rhino- and enteroviral infections, a series of vinylacetylene benzimidazoles was recently examined. Previous studies demonstrated the potential for these compounds to possess both good in vitro antiviral activity as well as acceptabl...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(99)00013-3
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpesviruses encode a protease that is essential for virus replication. The protease undergoes cleavage to a processed form during capsid maturation. A recombinant 75 kDa form of the protease from human cytomegalovirus was purified and compared with the recombinant 29 kDa processed form. Modification with an active s...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00051-7
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 50% of a group of healthy homosexuals in Israel were found to have an activated interferon (IFN) system as evidenced by markedly elevated blood IFN levels, increased in vitro production of IFN by unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and HuIFN-alpha and HuIFN-gamma production by appropriately stimu...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(85)90027-0
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural component of certain foods, such as grapes, that has been shown to have anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity in vitro. To determine if it is active in vivo, the abraded epidermis of SKH1 mice were infected with HSV-1 and topically treated with 12.5 or 25% resver...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.antiviral.2003.07.001
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The therapeutic efficacy of aerosolized aprotinin, a natural proteinase inhibitor, against influenza and paramyxovirus bronchopneumonia of mice is shown. Small-particle aerosol of aprotinin solution was generated by a Collison type nebulizer and infected mice were exposed to aerosol atmosphere by four 30-40 min incuba...
journal_title：Antiviral research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-3542(94)90038-8
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
