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Interaction between prenatal stress and dopamine D4 receptor genotype in predicting aggression and cortisol levels in young adults.

Abstract：

RATIONALE:Considerable evidence suggests that genetic factors combine with environmental influences to impact on the development of aggressive behavior. A genetic variant that has repeatedly been reported to render individuals more sensitive to the presence of adverse experiences, including stress exposure during fetal life, is the seven-repeat allele of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene. OBJECTIVES:The present investigation concentrated on the interplay of prenatal maternal stress and DRD4 genotype in predicting self-reported aggression in young adults. As disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system has been discussed as a pathophysiological pathway to aggression, cortisol stress reactivity was additionally examined. METHODS:As part of an epidemiological cohort study, prenatal maternal stress was assessed by maternal interview 3 months after childbirth. Between the ages of 19 and 23 years, 298 offspring (140 males, 158 females) completed the Young Adult Self-Report to measure aggressive behavior and were genotyped for the DRD4 gene. At 19 years, 219 participants additionally underwent the Trier Social Stress Test to determine cortisol reactivity. RESULTS:Extending earlier findings with respect to childhood antisocial behavior, the results revealed that, under conditions of higher prenatal maternal stress, carriers of the DRD4 seven-repeat allele displayed more aggression in adulthood (p = 0.032). Moreover, the same conditions which seemed to promote aggression were found to predict attenuated cortisol secretion (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS:This is the first study to indicate a long-term impact of prenatal stress exposure on the cortisol stress response depending on DRD4 genotype.

journal_name

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

journal_title

Psychopharmacology

authors

Buchmann AF,Zohsel K,Blomeyer D,Hohm E,Hohmann S,Jennen-Steinmetz C,Treutlein J,Becker K,Banaschewski T,Schmidt MH,Esser G,Brandeis D,Poustka L,Zimmermann US,Laucht M

doi

10.1007/s00213-014-3484-7

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-08-01 00:00:00

pages

3089-97

issue

eissn

0033-3158

issn

1432-2072

journal_volume

231

pub_type

杂志文章

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Interaction between prenatal stress and dopamine D4 receptor genotype in predicting aggression and cortisol levels in young adults.