Abstract：
RATIONALE:Many addictive drugs are known to have effects on learning and memory, and these effects could motivate future drug use. Specifically, addictive drugs may affect memory of emotional events and experiences in ways that are attractive to some users. However, few studies have investigated the effects of addictive drugs on emotional memory in humans. OBJECTIVES:This study examined the effects of the memory-enhancing drug dextroamphetamine (AMP) and the memory-impairing drug Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on emotional memory in healthy volunteers. METHODS:Participants completed three experimental sessions across which they received capsules containing placebo and two doses of either AMP (10 and 20 mg; N = 25) or THC (7.5 and 15 mg; N = 25) before viewing pictures of positive (pleasant), neutral, and negative (unpleasant) scenes. Memory for the pictures was assessed 2 days later, under drug-free conditions. RESULTS:Relative to placebo, memory for emotional pictures was improved by AMP and impaired by THC, but neither drug significantly affected memory for unemotional pictures. Positive memory biases were not observed with either drug, and there was no indication that the drugs' memory effects were directly related to their subjective or physiological effects alone. CONCLUSIONS:This study provides the first clear evidence that stimulant drugs can preferentially strengthen, and cannabinoids can preferentially impair, memory for emotional events in humans. Although addictive drugs do not appear to positively bias memory, the possibility remains that these drugs' effects on emotional memory could influence drug use among certain individuals.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Ballard ME,Gallo DA,de Wit Hdoi
10.1007/s00213-012-2924-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-04-01 00:00:00pages
515-29issue
3eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
226pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：RATIONALE:Glucose administration may decrease desire to smoke in abstinent smokers. Moreover, glucose administration has been associated with improved performance on measures of attention in healthy humans but evidence remains modest. OBJECTIVE:The present study aimed to determine whether reported craving and nicotine...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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abstract：:Adult female offspring of C57BL/6J mice injected daily with phenobarbital for the last third of pregnancy were more active than control offspring during a 3-min test period in an open field arena, thus confirming previous reports of lasting effects of prenatal exposure to phenobarbital. These offspring habituated less...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Psychopharmacology
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更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
