Abstract：
:Plant exposures are among the most frequently reported cases to poison control centres worldwide. This is a growing condition due to recent societal trends oriented towards the consumption of wild plants as food, cosmetics, or medicine. At least three general causes of plant poisoning can be identified: plant misidentification, introduction of new plant-based supplements and medicines with no controls about their safety, and the lack of regulation for the trading of herbal and phytochemical products. Moreover, an efficient screening for the occurrence of plants poisonous to humans is also desirable at the different stages of the food supply chain: from the raw material to the final transformed product. A rapid diagnosis of intoxication cases is necessary in order to provide the most reliable treatment. However, a precise taxonomic characterization of the ingested species is often challenging. In this review, we provide an overview of the emerging DNA-based tools and technologies to address the issue of poisonous plant identification. Specifically, classic DNA barcoding and its applications using High Resolution Melting (Bar-HRM) ensure high universality and rapid response respectively, whereas High Throughput Sequencing techniques (HTS) provide a complete characterization of plant residues in complex matrices. The pros and cons of each approach have been evaluated with the final aim of proposing a general user's guide to molecular identification directed to different stakeholder categories interested in the diagnostics of poisonous plants.
journal_name
Int J Legal Medjournal_title
International journal of legal medicineauthors
Mezzasalma V,Ganopoulos I,Galimberti A,Cornara L,Ferri E,Labra Mdoi
10.1007/s00414-016-1460-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-19issue
1eissn
0937-9827issn
1437-1596pii
10.1007/s00414-016-1460-yjournal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The polyvinyl alcohol method (PVAL) is known as an effective technique to thoroughly collect traces of gunshot residue (GSR) from different surfaces, e.g., from hands or gunshot wounds. Despite obvious advantages over other methods using adhesive tapes, PVAL is still not widely accepted and applied in routine case wor...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-019-02166-2
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 34 deployed driver and passenger airbags from altogether 20 vehicles after frontal collisions were investigated. In 80% of the airbags possible biological traces could be located with an alternative light source (ALS, Polilight) at a wavelength of 450-470 nm. These traces were swabbed, a part of them additi...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-003-0406-3
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The response to traumatic brain injury (TBI) is complex and induces various biological pathways in all brain regions that contribute to bad outcomes. The cerebellar hypoxia after a frontal cortex injury may potentiate the pathophysiological impacts of TBI. Therefore, a gene expression analysis was conducted to ...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-014-1129-3
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contrary to the traditional dogma of being a relatively invariable and quiescent organ lacking the capability to regenerate, there is now widespread evidence that the human brain harbors multipotent neural stem cells, possibly throughout senescence. These cells can divide and give rise to neuroectodermal progeny in vi...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00414-005-0037-y
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recovery of DNA from teeth is usually associated with the destruction of the evidential tooth using, for instance a special grinding mill. In some cases, however, a minimal invasive method of DNA retrieval with a high recovery is required particularly when historical material has to be investigated. A tooth attrib...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-002-0336-5
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 32-year-old patient died of a cerebellar haemorrhage and the blood coagulation analysis before death suggested defective synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors due to vitamin K deficiency. The post-mortem toxicological examination of different tissues revealed phenprocoumon poisoning as the cause of death...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01369825
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have analyzed 11 Y-STR loci (DYS19, the two DYS385 loci, DYS388, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DXYS156Y) in 700 males from ten ethnic groups in east Asia in order to evaluate their usefulness for forensic and population genetic studies. A total of 644 different haplotypes were identified, among which ...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-004-0518-4
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When preparing forensic age estimates for living subjects over 18 years of age, it is crucial to evaluate the stage of ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis. The establishment of radiation-free imaging techniques for assessment of clavicular ossification would be desirable in order to reduce the radiation ex...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-007-0220-4
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In certain circumstances, tumour tissue specimens are the only DNA resource available for forensic DNA analysis. However, cancer tissues can show microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity which, if concerning the short tandem repeats (STRs) used in the forensic field, can cause misinterpretation of the res...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-010-0443-7
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medico-legal experts are increasingly enlisted to assess the methamphetamine and amphetamine serum concentrations after a criminal offense. However, since criminal users rarely provide useful information to medico-legal experts regarding the substances abused, when the substance(s) was/were used, dose of ingestion too...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-017-1607-5
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents the application of Y-chromosomal STR polymorphisms to male identification in the case of a serial rapist and woman murderer in Poland. Since August 1996 a rapist from Swinoujscie (northwest Poland) committed at least 14 rapes. In the year 2000 he brutally raped 8 young girls and murdered a 22-year-...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-002-0320-0
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to measure catecholamines and their O-methylated metabolites in urine and vitreous humor collected in cardiac deaths and noncardiac control cases that underwent medicolegal investigations. Our first goal was to assess whether cardiac events of different types are characterized by different ca...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-015-1303-2
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes the development of a species testing system based on the diversity of nucleotide sequences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) among species. Five species, human, cow, pig, dog, and cat, were considered. The partial nucleotide sequences in 16S ribosomal RNA coding region were chosen as the target for di...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-006-0127-5
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA profiles from degraded samples often suffer from information loss at the longer short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Sensitising the reactions, either by performing additional PCR cycles or increasing the capillary electrophoresis injection settings, carries the risk of over-amplifying or overloading the shorter fragme...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-012-0816-1
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was performed on the detection, separation and quantification of isomers from the new designer drugs named fluoroamphetamines (FAs) in forensic cases in eastern Denmark. The drugs were detected in whole blood extracts by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-TOF-MS)...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-012-0671-0
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyanide (CN) blood concentration is hardly considered during routine when evaluating smoke gas intoxications and fire victims, although some inflammable materials release a considerable amount of hydrogen cyanide. CN can be significant for the capacity to act and can in the end even be the cause of death. Systematic d...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-016-1426-0
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood, saliva, and semen are some of the forensically most relevant biological stains commonly found at crime scenes, which can often be of small size or challenging due to advanced decay. In this context, it is of great importance to possess reliable knowledge about the effects of degradation under different environm...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-016-1373-9
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bee and wasp stings represent an uncommon cause of death. In a retrospective study of all fatalities due to venomous animals in Sweden during a 10-year-period, we found 19 fatalities due to wasps, 1 due to bees but none due to snake bite. This gives an annual incidence of 0.2 per million inhabitants. Most of the decea...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01626039
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, a total of 191 cases with STR exclusions out of 591 paternity cases were analysed using 2 STR sets, i.e. (set a) 5 STRs in 462 cases with 150 exclusions and (set b) 9 STRs in 129 cases with 41 exclusions. Set (a) was associated with four exclusions on average while set (b) showed five exclusionary loci ...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004140000174
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 28-year-old man was shot in the back of the head at close range by a robber who then locked him in a room assuming that he was dead. The man was discovered 2 days later. The entrance wound of the bullet was in the left occipital region and it passed into the periphery of the right temporal lobe, where it lodged. The...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004149900120
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postmortem MRI (PMMR) examinations are seldom performed in legal medicine due to long examination times, unfamiliarity with the technique, and high costs. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain access to an MRI device used for patients in clinical settings to image an entire human body. An alternative is available: ex...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-014-1058-1
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age estimation in living individuals around the age of 18 years remains a difficult challenge. In this study, the anterior inferior vertebral ring apophysis development of cervical vertebrae C2, C3, and C4 of 496 white and 478 black South African individuals aged between 15 and 22 years was assessed from cephalometric...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-019-02137-7
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We immunohistochemically examined the intrathrombotic dynamics of autophagy during thrombogenesis using murine deep vein thrombosis (DVT) models. To perform the immunohistochemical analyses, we used anti-LC3 antibody and anti-p62 antibody for detecting the intrathrombotic autophagic functions. We estimated dynamics of...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-019-02168-0
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of the radiographic visibility of root pulp in mandibular third molars has been suggested as an alternative method for estimation of legal age threshold in living individuals when the root apices are mature. Here, we assessed the accuracy of this method for age thresholds of 18 and 21 years. A sample of 463...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-019-02036-x
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six synthetic head models wearing ballistic protective helmets were used to recreate two military combat-related shooting incidents (three per incident, designated 'Incident 1' and 'Incident 2'). Data on the events including engagement distances, weapon and ammunition types was collated by the Defence Science and Tech...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-018-1802-z
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forensic age estimation of living individuals has become increasingly important in forensic practice with the constant increase of migration movements to developed countries. The method of Greulich and Pyle is one of the most frequently used methods for age determination. The aim of our study was to verify the reliabi...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-014-1028-7
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The histological staining technique using rhodizonate is also effective for the determination of the firing distance by examining the distribution and intensity of the staining reaction. The differentiation between absolute close-range shots and long-range shots is generally possible without any doubt. The method is n...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004140100220
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The systemic distribution of kerosene components in blood and tissues was analysed in rats following dermal exposure. Four types of trimethylbenzenes (TMBs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) with carbon numbers 9-16 (C(9)-C(16)) were analysed as major kerosene components by capillary gas chromatography/mass spectromet...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-001-0282-7
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The morphological structure and immunohistochemical reactions of 100 pituitaries from cases of SIDS children (58 males and 42 females, average age 5.34 +/- 3.12 months) were studied. Controls consisted of 19 pituitaries from children (14 males and 5 females, average age 5.63 +/- 2.52 months) with a clearly identifiabl...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/BF01225414
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the testing of alternative primers for the Y chromosome short tandem repeat marker DYS19, a duplicated region of the Y chromosome was discovered. The duplicated sequence is contained within GenBank accession AC006335 and has a high degree of homology with the DYS19 flanking region (GenBank accession AC017019) b...
journal_title：International journal of legal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00414-004-0436-5
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
