Abstract:
:A study was performed on the detection, separation and quantification of isomers from the new designer drugs named fluoroamphetamines (FAs) in forensic cases in eastern Denmark. The drugs were detected in whole blood extracts by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-TOF-MS) and thereafter verified and quantified by UPLC tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS). The quantitative method involved liquid–liquid extraction of FAs from whole blood, evaporation of organic solvent, and reconstitution with a mobile phase mixture. Identification of the FAs was achieved by the retention time, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) traces [154 > 109 (quantifier); 154 > 137], and ion ratio of the two transitions. For all FAs, LOQ was 0.002 mg/kg with linear ranges from 0.002 to 1.0 mg/kg whole blood. Since 2008, a total of 15 forensic investigations, mainly driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) cases, involving 4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA) have been observed with whole blood concentrations ranging from 0.006 to 0.58 mg/kg. One autopsy case involved 4-FA; however, it was determined to be a combined intoxication. In 2010, ortho-fluoroamphetamine (2-FA) was discovered in forensic samples by the same UPLC/MS/MS method and MRM functions because of variation in retention time and ion ratio. Up to now, three eastern Danish DUID cases have involved 2-FA. The whole blood concentrations of 2-FA were 0.028, 0.041 and 0.37 mg/kg, respectively. Thirteen cases with 4-FA and the three cases with 2-FA also contained amphetamine, but no correlation was observed between the amount of FA and amphetamine. So far, 3-FA has not been observed in any cases, and although it co-elutes with 4-FA, 3-FA will be identified by its variation in ion ratio. To our knowledge, this study has confirmed 2-FA in blood from DUID cases for the first time, and provides typical whole blood concentrations of FAs in forensic cases.
journal_name
Int J Legal Medjournal_title
International journal of legal medicineauthors
Johansen SS,Hansen TMdoi
10.1007/s00414-012-0671-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-01 00:00:00pages
541-7issue
4eissn
0937-9827issn
1437-1596journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Carisoprodol is commonly prescribed as a centrally acting muscle relaxant, but it is also subject to abuse. The literature describing fatal intoxications with the drug is limited to a relatively small number of cases, and there are inconsistencies with regard to which concentration levels that are toxic. We therefore ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-006-0139-1
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Species identification from hair has been performed in the past by several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. Despite the great promise of mass spectrometry herein, the repetitive glycine stretches and the evolutionary conserved sequences of keratins make the results from c...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1008-y
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract DNA typing of four tetrameric repeat loci (HUMVWA, HUMTH0I, D21SII and HPRT) was carried out in a Chinese Han population from Shanghai (East China) and one from Guangzhou (South-East China) using a quadruplex PCR amplification and detection of the fluorescent-labeled alleles on the ALF DNA sequencer. All loci...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050187
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of the radiographic visibility of root pulp in mandibular third molars has been suggested as an alternative method for estimation of legal age threshold in living individuals when the root apices are mature. Here, we assessed the accuracy of this method for age thresholds of 18 and 21 years. A sample of 463...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02036-x
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current knowledge base for evaluating the influence of ethnic origin on wisdom tooth eruption is still inadequate. We therefore analyzed and compared the chronology of wisdom tooth eruption in three ethnic populations-German, Japanese, and black South African-based on evidence from 2,482 conventional orthopantomog...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0171-9
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case report of a 25-year-old man who committed suicide by intravenous injection himself of an aqueous home-made castor bean extract is presented. The patient was hospitalized and treated symptomatically and was released at its own request fourth day after intoxication. The next day, the patient's condition deteriora...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-020-02340-x
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant exposures are among the most frequently reported cases to poison control centres worldwide. This is a growing condition due to recent societal trends oriented towards the consumption of wild plants as food, cosmetics, or medicine. At least three general causes of plant poisoning can be identified: plant misident...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00414-016-1460-y
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The assessment of age at death for identification purposes is a frequent and tough challenge for forensic pathologists and anthropologists. Too frequently, visual assessment of age is performed on well-preserved corpses, a method considered subjective and full of pitfalls, but whose level of inadequacy no one has yet ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1042-9
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polyvinyl alcohol method (PVAL) is known as an effective technique to thoroughly collect traces of gunshot residue (GSR) from different surfaces, e.g., from hands or gunshot wounds. Despite obvious advantages over other methods using adhesive tapes, PVAL is still not widely accepted and applied in routine case wor...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02166-2
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of presepsin (sCD14-ST) in postmortem serum from femoral blood compared to procalcitonin (PCT) to detect sepsis-related fatalities. The second aim was to compare sCD14-ST levels found in postmortem serum to the values in pericardial fluid to investig...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0804-5
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns indicative of vaginal injury were identified in extracts of a bloodstain on a pair of knickers belonging to a 4-year-old girl. No evidence of semen or saliva was detected in the stain. The result corroborated the clinical findings and provided strong evidence of child sexual ab...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01625173
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports population data and statistics for the HumFES/FPS, HumVWA, HumFGA and D12S391 loci in Austria. The sequences of some rare and new variant alleles which have been identified in the course of the present population study and other investigations are described. Sequence variation occurred in a HumFES/F...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00007712
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five short tandem repeat (STR) systems HumVWA, HumTH01, HumCD4, HumF13B and HumFES were investigated in 2 subpopulations living in Turkey (Laz Turks and Kurds). The population genetic data were compared to a Turkish population sample from the Adana area. A closer genetic relationship was found to the Laz Turks than to...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050059
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we assessed 30 insertion-deletion polymorphisms (Indels) (Investigator DIPplex® kit) in four Chinese populations (n = 952) and evaluated their usefulness in forensic genetic applications. After the Bonferroni correction at a 95 % significance level (p = 0.0017), there were no deviations from the Hardy-W...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-014-1091-0
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problems of testing patients or the deceased using classical blood group systems for identity or paternity purposes after multiple transfusions are well known. In a paternity case where the putative father received multiple transfusions it was possible to determine some classical blood group systems. The investiga...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01371333
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the interpretation of the concentration of morphine in blood samples of heroin consumers information about the concentration of the analgesic active morphine metabolite morphine-6-glucuronide is very important. Thus a simple but specific clean-up procedure based on immuno-affinity chromatography is presented for t...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050073
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alleles of the STR systems HumFES/FPS, HumVWA and HumD21S11 were sequenced and analyzed. Sequence data revealed 3 different systems concerning the complexity of their sequence structure. HumFES/FPS belongs to the STR polymorphism with a simple repeat structure. Only 2 subtypes were found with a base substitution in th...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01224779
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is at present based on unknown pathogenetical mechanisms but in industrial nations is the most common cause of death in infancy after the perinatal period. Studies of a large number of adrenal glands in this syndrome have not been reported. Therefore, we evaluated 146 SIDS cases...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/BF01225413
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffeomorphic shape registration allows for the seamless geometric alignment of shapes. In this study, we demonstrated the use of a registration algorithm to automatically seed anthropological landmarks on the CT images of the pelvis. We found a high correlation between manually and automatically seeded landmarks. The...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-021-02501-6
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::DXS8378, DXS7132, HPRTB, and DXS7423 microsatellite markers located in four different X-chromosomal linkage groups were studied in the Hungarian population. After genotyping unrelated men (219) and women (165), forensic efficiency parameters showing that the four X-linked short tandem repeats are informative for foren...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-005-0051-0
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of species of the forensically important genus Sarcophaga is very difficult and requires strong taxonomic expertise. In this study, we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of 126 specimens of 56 W European Sarcophaga species and added GenBank data to our database to ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0767-6
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid identification of human remains following mass casualty events is essential to bring closure to family members and friends of the victims. Unfortunately, disaster victim identification, missing persons identification, and forensic casework analysis are often complicated by sample degradation due to exposure to h...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02186-y
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, Verzeletti et al. (Am J Forensic Med Pathol 31:27-33, 2010) developed a new components method for the estimation of age-at-death from the sternal end of the fourth rib. This approach consists of the assignment of numerical scores for several age-related morphological characteristics, which are then inserted ...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-012-0735-1
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 34 deployed driver and passenger airbags from altogether 20 vehicles after frontal collisions were investigated. In 80% of the airbags possible biological traces could be located with an alternative light source (ALS, Polilight) at a wavelength of 450-470 nm. These traces were swabbed, a part of them additi...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-003-0406-3
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The measurement of the myeloperoxidase activity was used to quantify the acute granulocyte reaction. A 35% loss of blood resulted in a clear decrease of the myeloperoxidase activity at the edges of experimental incision wounds in rat skin in the first day after inflicting the wounds. After 12 h only about one-third an...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050101
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crania are a reliable source for sex estimation in Euro-Americans, Europeans, and most other populations. Besides morphological assessments, the application of Fordisc® has become a useful tool within the last two decades, creating discriminant functions from morphometric data. Unfortunately, until now, white populati...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-016-1469-2
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An 89-year-old woman was found dead lying in her bed. Autopsy demonstrated a pronounced thickening of all coronary arteries except for the first 2-4 cm. Death was due to a recent myocardial infarction. Microscopically, the coronary arteries showed a substantial concentric thickening of all three layers with 90% narrow...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-006-0090-1
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a Japanese population study of the D1S80 locus 24 alleles ranging from allele 16 to allele43 were analysed using PCR-RFLP. As two repeat units were found to contain the restriction cleavage site (CCAGG) for EcoRII, we digested the alleles with EcoRII, separated the digested fragments on polyacrylamide gels and stai...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004140050146
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormones are sometimes used for purposes for which they are not approved. Reasons for off-label use can be overweight, prevailing depressive mood, or various somatic symptoms. Information about the intake of thyroid hormones in order to lose weight can be easily obtained from inappropriate/nonmedical websites....
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-010-0423-y
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthropologists are constantly seeking to improve methods for age estimation in the human skeleton. A new method was introduced about a decade ago that assesses the morphological changes that take place in the acetabulum as an individual ages. The pelvis is usually well preserved in forensic cases, which makes this me...
journal_title:International journal of legal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00414-015-1299-7
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00