Abstract：
:Concerted efforts are realizing cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this chapter, I describe efforts at the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University. These efforts use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as donor cells. The iPSCs were established as human leukocyte antigen homozygous at CiRA and are intended for allogeneic transplantation. Our manufacturing protocol includes a feeder-free cell culture with laminin fragment LM511-E8 and the sorting of CORIN+ cells. Animal experiments, including those with monkey PD models, proved that the grafted cells survive and function as dopaminergic neurons in the brain without forming any tumors. Furthermore, I emphasize that not only the donor cells but also the host brain environment is critical for successful transplantation. To achieve optimization of the host environment, drug administration, gene modification, and rehabilitation are recommended. Based on these results, researchers plan to start a clinical trial at Kyoto University Hospital in the near future.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Takahashi Jdoi
10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
213-226eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(16)30162-5journal_volume
230pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is a hypothalamic neuropeptide important for mediation of arousal and sleep as well as feeding and energy homeostasis. Recent studies have indicated that orexin also plays a key role regulating motivation and reward associated with food intake and with drugs of abuse. Based on those f...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59489-1.00006-9
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative models of the oculomotor plant and control of the saccadic eye movement system are presented in this chapter. Oculomotor plant models described here are linear, including a second-order model by Westheimer (1954), Bahill et al. (1980) and Enderle et al. (2000). The model of the saccade generator is initia...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)40040-4
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent accounts of tinnitus development and maintenance assign an important role to central mechanisms. Residual inhibition is a frequent phenomenon in individuals with tinnitus, and refers to the fact that tinnitus can temporarily be reduced by presenting sounds or noises that inhibit tinnitus for a limited time even...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66044-0
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether there were differences in decision-making skills between different age groups (Under 16, 18 and 23) of elite academy footballers on a video-based task of real-life football scenarios. It also explored the relationship between individual performance on the task and ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.06.015
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegeneration; however, therapies to prevent or treat AD are inadequate. Amyloid-beta (Abeta) protein accrues in cortical senile plaques, one of the key neuropathological hallmarks of AD, and is elevated in brains of early onset AD patients in a small number o...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17506-4
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The capacity to sustain high-intensity aerobic exercise is essential for endurance performance. Therefore, it is important to understand what is the factor limiting time to exhaustion (TTE) in healthy and fit adults. In Study 1, maximal voluntary cycling power (MVCP) was measured in 11 volunteers before and immediatel...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.09.012
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review neural connections of the superior colliculus (SC) and brainstem saccade-related neurons in relation to saccade generation mechanism. The caudal and rostral SC play a role in saccade generation and visual fixation, respectively. This functional differentiation suggests that different connections should exist...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to silence, in a temporally precise fashion, the electrical activity of specific neurons embedded within intact brain tissue, is important for understanding the role that those neurons play in behaviors, brain disorders, and neural computations. "Optogenetic" silencers, genetically encoded molecules that, ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59426-6.00003-3
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the superior colliculus in attending and orienting to sensory stimuli is facilitated by the presence within this midbrain nucleus of superimposed maps of different sensory modalities. We have studied the steps involved in the development of topographically-aligned maps of visual and auditory space in the f...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63340-3
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disorder that can affect any individual at a given instance. Current treatment options for SCI include the use of high dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate, a corticosteroid, surgical interventions to stabilize and decompress the spinal cord, intensive m...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61015-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Why do complex-partial seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) cause a loss of consciousness? Abnormal function of the medial temporal lobe is expected to cause memory loss, but it is unclear why profoundly impaired consciousness is so common in temporal lobe seizures. Recent exciting advances in behavioral, electrop...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17711-7
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system provides fundamental modulatory regulation of the limbic-corticostriatal circuitry known to be vital in the development of addiction as well as the aspects of addiction that hinder recovery and contribute to relapse. Thus, components of the 5-HT system may provide novel tar...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00916-3
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the circadian system is composed of the central clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and of peripheral clocks that are located in other neural structures and in cells of the peripheral tissues and organs. In adults, the system is hierarchically organized so that the central clock provides the o...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59427-3.00005-8
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By blocking electrical activity in the cerebellar cortex the Purkinje cell dendrites become a uniform territory with a high density of spines all bearing the glutamate receptor delta2 subunit (GluRdelta2) and being mainly innervated by parallel fibers. Such a subunit, which is constitutively targeted specifically to t...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(04)48005-4
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main topic of this overview is an analysis of the concepts of phase and synchrony, as used in neurophysiology, in their various meanings. A number of notions related to the concepts of phase and synchrony, which are incorporated in contemporary neurophysiology, particularly in the domain of neuro-cognitive physiol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)59001-6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cognitive changes that occur with ageing are usually referred to as 'age-related cognitive decline'. The most pronounced changes may be found in the executive functions that require integrity of the prefrontal cortical circuitry. With age, sleep also changes profoundly, with more sleep fragmentation, earlier awake...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53702-7.00011-7
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present contribution, the various functional interpretations concerning the putative function of the orbital prefrontal cortex are reviewed since this region and adjacent areas are considered the neural substrate of social behavior in general, and decision-making behavior in particular. This literature review r...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)01306-5
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have brought a rapid growth in knowledge of the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is now clear that the clinical phase of PD is preceded by a phase of progressing neurodegeneration lasting many years. This involves not only central nervous system structures outside the substantia nigra and n...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.003
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dorsal striatum (caudate putamen) contains two types of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that are distinguished by the expression of either the opioid peptide, enkephalin, or the opioid peptide, dynorphin, as well as the tachykinin substance P. Pharmacological studies suggest that these peptides modulate loca...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60016-2
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aromatase is the enzyme that catalyzes the last step of estrogen biosynthesis. It is expressed in many tissues such as the gonads, brain and adipose tissue. The regulation of the level and activity of aromatase determines the levels of estrogens that have endocrine, paracrine and autocrine effects on tissues. Estrogen...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)81012-6
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the 1950s and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the 1980s, a great deal of evidence has mounted for the roles of neurotrophins (NGF; BDNF; neurotrophin-3, NT-3; and neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5) in development, physiology, and pathology. BDNF in particular has ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63022-2
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results from the language studies taken as a whole point to different developmental time courses and developmental vulnerabilities of aspects of grammatical and semantic/lexical processing. They thus provide support for conceptions of language that distinguish these subprocesses within language. Similarly, followi...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)38078-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunoreactive oxytocin (OXT) detected in extracts of human coeliac ganglia and nn. vagi was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC/RIA examinations demonstrated that a major part of the immunoreactive material in both investigated areas co-eluted with a reference synthetic OXT, but in th...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62321-3
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal activity increases synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in vivo and in vitro. We have investigated the pathways through which neuronal activity stimulated by kainic acid regulates BDNF mRNA levels in cultured hippocampal neurons and transgenic mice. Kainic acid induced the transcription ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64007-8
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this chapter is to review recent literature describing how developments in cognition may contribute to age-related changes in emotional processes, specifically emotion regulation and emotion perception. In general, older adults are more likely than young adults to report feeling positive. Prominent conceptu...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.02.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activated microglia release a number of substances, the specific cocktail released depending on the stimulus. Many of the substances released by microglia also serve to activate them, suggesting the presence of a number of autocrine/paracrine loops. Because of the low density of microglia present in the normal brain, ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(01)32103-9
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of adult-onset dementia, is characterized by a variety of brain abnormalities, including degeneration of certain populations of nerve cells, alterations in the neuronal cytoskeleton, and the abnormal deposition of amyloid within brain parenchyma. Pathogenetic processes th...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63186-6
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elucidation of the molecular basis of mammalian circadian rhythms has progressed dramatically in recent years through the characterization of mouse mutants. With the implementation of numerous mouse genetics programs, comprehensive sets of mutations in genes affecting circadian output measures have been generated. Alt...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59427-3.00015-0
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This overview highlights the presentations made by several authors, with sidelights commentaries on the topics covered in this session. The Neurotropic hypothesis, formulated by Cajal more than one century ago, has been one of the fundamental tenets of modern Neuroscience. Research work is unveiling highly complex mol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(02)36003-5
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A problem for studies of all cortex, including prefrontal cortex, is how to relate results to proposed subdivisions of the brain and how to compare results across species. Investigators have been highly dependent on traditional architectonic maps of neocortex. However, over the last 20 years, other methods, especially...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62673-4
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
