Abstract：
:In the present contribution, the various functional interpretations concerning the putative function of the orbital prefrontal cortex are reviewed since this region and adjacent areas are considered the neural substrate of social behavior in general, and decision-making behavior in particular. This literature review revealed different but related interpretations as to the function of the orbital prefrontal cortex (including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC)): the orbital prefrontal areas (a) code the hedonic quality of choice options, (b) are critical for maintaining associative information about expected outcomes in representational memory so that it can be compared and integrated with information about internal states and current goals, (c) serve as a store of implicitly acquired linkages between factual knowledge and bio-regulatory states, including those that constitute feelings and emotions, (d) serve as a detector of potential content that is derived from the critical aspects of the input, that is, the gist information, (e) are crucially involved in the integration of emotional signals in the decision-making process, and (f) may specialize in integrating the external and internal environment. In the last part of this contribution, we try to bring together these varying but related approaches and propose a preliminary working hypothesis with regard to the role of orbital prefrontal areas in decision making.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Volz KG,von Cramon DYdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(09)01306-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
61-71eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(09)01306-5journal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Metabolic status varies predictably on a daily and seasonal basis in order to adapt to the cyclical environment. The hypothalamic circadian pacemaker of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) co-ordinates these metabolic cycles. Circadian timing is based upon a transcriptional/post-translational negative feedback loop invol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)53015-8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review neural connections of the superior colliculus (SC) and brainstem saccade-related neurons in relation to saccade generation mechanism. The caudal and rostral SC play a role in saccade generation and visual fixation, respectively. This functional differentiation suggests that different connections should exist...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the target article, Hardy and colleagues provided an incisive analysis of retrospectively reported psychosocial factors associated with the development and careers of 32 former athletes from Olympic sports. They found that Super-Elite athletes ("serial" medal winners at major international championships, i.e., Worl...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.006
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegeneration; however, therapies to prevent or treat AD are inadequate. Amyloid-beta (Abeta) protein accrues in cortical senile plaques, one of the key neuropathological hallmarks of AD, and is elevated in brains of early onset AD patients in a small number o...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17506-4
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the more interesting and complex phenomena involving neurohypophysial hormones is the milk ejection reflex and the events surrounding it. Accordingly, many investigations over the years have taken up the challenge of elucidating its myriad aspects. Much has been learned from in vivo preparations about the seque...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00414-7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been a controversy on the moral import of music and art in general. On the one hand, the moralist view contends that there is some sort of link between art and morality, even if the way to specify this link may be highly diverse. It comprises most of the classical views of art, from Schiller's view of the ro...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.015
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intron-specific probes measure heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA) levels and thus approximate the transcription rates of genes, in part because of the rapid turnover of this intermediate form of RNA in the cell nucleus. Previously, we used oxytocin (Oxt)- and vasopressin (Avp)- intron-specific riboprobes to measure changes in ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00404-4
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is known to play a key role in the initiation and promotion of the neurodegeneration that characterizes the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). An accumulation of redox active transition metals, including iron and copper, is likely a major generator of reactive oxidative species and other free rad...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)80005-2
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concerted efforts are realizing cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). In this chapter, I describe efforts at the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University. These efforts use induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as donor cells. The iPSCs were established as human leukocyte antig...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In addition to its peripheral secretion from the neurohypophysis, the neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) is released within the mammalian brain from probably all parts of the neuronal membrane. In particular the development of brain microdialysis in vivo together with blood microdialysis or blood sampling provides the adva...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61571-x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of chimeric retinas has yielded insight on the early development of retina. The close match in chimerism ratios between right and left retinas is significant and supports the idea that both retinas originate from a common population of progenitors. We are able to estimate numbers of progenitor cells that con...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62528-5
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the role of attention in selecting visual attributes is well acknowledged, relatively less is known about the mechanisms that facilitate the selection of actions during goal-directed behaviors. The notion of an executive attention has provided a particularly fruitful framework to understand how the brain coordin...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17613-6
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:VLBW infants are at risk of lesions including intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia. Those with normal IQ still present with reading difficulties. Oculomotor performance was assessed on 14 VLBWs (IQ > 85) and 15 full-term age-matched controls. Anti-saccade errors were significantly higher for t...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)40070-2
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral malformations are best understood as abnormal tissue morphogenesis in the context of disorders of ontogenesis. In neuroembryology, the timing of onset and duration of abnormal genetic expression and neurodevelopmental processes are primordial and must always be assessed, regardless whether the dysgenesis is p...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-63326-2.00010-7
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The noradrenergic (NA) afferent projection to the cerebellar cortex, which originates mainly from the locus coeruleus (LC), may act on the target neurons by utilizing both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors. Experiments performed in decerebrate cats have shown that unilateral injection into the vermal cortex of the cerebel...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63828-5
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present chapter outlines current thinking regarding serotonin and dopamine in schizophrenia. Each has individually been linked to theories regarding the illness' pathophysiology although the focus here is on their interactive role, a model that has driven drug development in the field for the last 10-15 years. Wit...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00906-0
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Basic tendencies to detect and respond to significant events are present in the simplest single cell organisms and persist throughout all invertebrates and vertebrates. Within vertebrates, the overall brain plan is highly conserved, though differences in size and complexity also exist. The forebrain differs the most b...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53860-4.00021-0
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Much of the past research on how reward motivation and emotional information influence brain and behavior has been conducted separately. Recently, a few behavioral and brain imaging studies have investigated how reward and emotional information co-jointly impact brain and behavior. The present chapter reviews findings...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.023
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytoarchitecture and the histochemistry of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and its afferent and efferent connections to oculomotor structures are described. The functional significance of the afferent connections of the nucleus is discussed in terms of current knowledge of the firing behavior of prepositus neurons i...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)51007-0
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characteristic features of autism include atypical social perception and social-communication skills, and atypical visual attention, alongside rigid and repetitive thinking and behavior. Debate has focused on whether the later emergence of atypical social skills is a consequence of attention problems early in life, or...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53884-0.00025-7
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The idea of the dentate gyrus as a gate or filter at the entrance to the hippocampus, blocking or filtering incoming excitation from the entorhinal cortex, has been an intriguing one. Here we review the historical development of the idea, and discuss whether it may be possible to be more specific in defining this gate...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63032-5
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The success of axon regeneration in the adult mammalian brain depends on the presence of growth-permissive environmental conditions as well as on specific properties of the affected neurons. To investigate the relative contribution of extrinsic cues and intrinsic determinants to reparative processes we have investigat...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63370-1
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied visually guided behavior and the visual response properties of single auditory cortex (A1) neurons in neonatally operated hamsters with surgically induced, permanent, ectopic retinal projections to auditory thalamic nuclei and to visual thalamic nuclei which normally receive little direct retinal input. The...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(01)34029-3
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is a hypothalamic neuropeptide important for mediation of arousal and sleep as well as feeding and energy homeostasis. Recent studies have indicated that orexin also plays a key role regulating motivation and reward associated with food intake and with drugs of abuse. Based on those f...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59489-1.00006-9
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Language is predominantly a left hemisphere function, yet patients with extensive damage to known language areas often recover quite well in the days to weeks to even years following focal brain injury. This recovery period can be divided into three overlapping stages: acute, subacute, and chronic, each with different...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)57009-8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compensatory electromyographic (EMG) responses and several biomechanical parameters were studied following impulsive disturbance of the limbs during stance of human volunteers on a treadmill. Treadmill acceleration impulses were backwards or forwards directed, or their initial direction was reversed after 30 ms. Backw...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62238-4
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive control and decision making are two important research areas in the realm of higher-order cognition. Control processes such as interference control and monitoring in cognitive and affective contexts have been found to influence the process of decision making. Development of control processes follows a gradua...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-62604-2.00018-6
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter describes current findings from the research into postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) following cardiac and non-cardiac surgery in older adults. The evidence suggests that a significant proportion of patients show POCD in the early weeks following surgery and anesthesia. Specific domains of cogniti...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00026-X
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic epilepsy, as a consequence of status epilepticus, has been studied in animal models in order to analyze the cellular mechanisms responsible for the subsequent occurrence of spontaneous seizures. Status epilepticus, induced by either kainic acid or pilocarpine or by prolonged electrical stimulation, causes a ch...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)35007-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter reviews the neurological phenotype of Down syndrome (DS) in early development, childhood, and aging. Neuroanatomic abnormalities in DS are manifested as aberrations in gross brain structure as well as characteristic microdysgenetic changes. As the result of these morphological abnormalities, brain circuit...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-54299-1.00006-6
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
