Abstract：
:In epilepsy, a detailed history, blood chemistry, routine electroencephalography, and brain MRI are important for the diagnosis of seizure type or epilepsy syndrome for the decision of appropriate drug treatment. Although antiepileptic drugs are mostly successful for controlling epileptic seizures, 20%-30% patients are resistant to medical treatment and continue to have seizures. In this intractable patient group, surgical resection is the primarily preferred treatment option. This particular group of patients should be referred to the epilepsy center for detailed investigation and further treatment. When the results of electroencephalography, MRI, and clinical status are discordant or there is no structural lesion on MRI, ictal-periictal SPECT, and interictal PET play key roles for lateralization or localization of epileptic region and guidance for the subsequent subdural electrode placement in intractable epilepsy. SPECT and PET show the functional status of the brain. SPECT and PET play important roles in the evaluation of epilepsy sydromes in childhood by showing abnormal brain regions. Most of the experience has been gained with (18)FDG-PET, in this respect. (11)C-flumazenil-PET usually deliniates the seizure focus more smaller than (18)FDG-PET and is sensitive in identifying medial temporal sclerosis. (11)C-alpha-methyl-l-tryptophan is helpful in the differentiation of epileptogenic and nonepileptogenic regions in children especially in tuberous sclerosis and multifocal cortical dysplasia for the evaluation of surgery. Finally, when there is concordance among these detailed investigations, resective surgery or palliative procedures can be discussed individually.
journal_name
Semin Nucl Medjournal_title
Seminars in nuclear medicineauthors
Ergün EL,Saygi S,Yalnizoglu D,Oguz KK,Erbas Bdoi
10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2016.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
294-307issue
4eissn
0001-2998issn
1558-4623pii
S0001-2998(16)00004-0journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose (18FDG) was developed in 1976 in a collaboration between scientists at the National Institutes of Health, the University of Pennsylvania, and Brookhaven National Laboratory. It was developed for the specific purpose of mapping brain glucose metabolism in living humans, thereby serving ...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/snuc.2002.29270
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of quantitative analysis of planar thallium-201 stress scintigraphy are superior to those of visual analysis. The increased sensitivity for detection of coronary artery disease is associated with maintenance of specificity. Consequently, we believe that quantitative analysis is the state-of-the-art for pla...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(85)80043-x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suspecting and diagnosing venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism remain major clinical problems. For a variety of reasons, including the patient's pre-existing cardiac and pulmonary status and the release of humoral mediators, pulmonary emboli evoke varied responses in different patients. Symptoms and signs of pulmo...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80131-x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sickling of erythrocytes in patients with S-hemoglobin causes marrow and bone infarction. The former can be demonstrated as a lack of 99mTc-sulfur colloid uptake on marrow imaging examination. These defects may resolve or persist long after the acute episode. If the bone is involved in the acute episode, imaging withi...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(76)80038-4
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The remarkable progress in immunologic techniques in the development of monoclonal antibodies offers the potential for powerful new tools for the detection of cardiovascular disorders, such as acute myocardial necrosis and acute deep venous thrombosis, in an accurate, safe, and noninvasive manner. Historically the use...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80094-7
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, the methods of the Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis III (PIOPED III) are described in detail. PIOPED III is a multicenter collaborative investigation sponsored by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. The purpose is to determine the accuracy of gadolinium-enhanced magneti...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.06.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radionuclide renal studies are particularly well suited to pediatrics as renal problems in children usually are part of a dynamic process which requires serial assessment. The absence of side-effects and the low radiation dose has added to their popularity in pediatrics. A number of different renal parameters can be e...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(82)80015-9
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past, T3 suppression testing was often required to confirm the presence of autonomous thyroid function in patients with borderline clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of hyperthyroidism or in euthyroid patients with the stigmata of Graves' disease. Similarly, TSH stimulation testing was used to document...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(81)80043-8
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiolabeling of red cells and their clinical and research application in nuclear medicine constitute an area of continued interest and steady growth during the past two decades. Significant advances have been made so that at the present time, radiolabels with sufficient in vitro and in vivo stability are available fo...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(84)80022-7
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postsurgical bile leaks can be associated with significant morbidity and even mortality, if not identified and treated at an early phase. Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan is an important test for detection of bile leaks in the postoperative abdomen. However, the lack of anatomical details on planar images ...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.06.002
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) systems are now more and more available for clinical use. PET/MR combines the unique features of MR including excellent soft tissue contrast, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, fMRI and other specialized sequences as we...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2018.02.003
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone metastases are associated with increased morbidity and poor prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Since 2010, 5 systemic therapies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration based on an improvement in overall survival, offering altern...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.07.006
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the 1980s, the (111)In-labeled somatostatin analog OctreoScan (Covidien, Hazelwood, MO) was developed for imaging of somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst(2)) overexpressing tumors. On the basis of this success, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) was developed using similar somatostatin analogs with differ...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2009.12.001
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear medicine procedures, including Ga-67 and labeled leucocyte SPECT/CT as well as PET/CT using 18F-FDG and recently Ga-68 tracers, have found extensive applications in the assessment of infectious and inflammatory processes in general and in soft tissues in particular. Recent published data focus on summarizing t...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.07.005
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evaluation of primary brain tumor is challenging. Neuroimaging plays a significant role. At diagnosis, imaging is needed to establish a differential diagnosis, provide prognostic information, as well as direct biopsy. After the initial treatment, imaging is needed to distinguish recurrent disease from treatment-re...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.02.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear imaging in the definition of the components of the congenitally enlarged extremity is important in the design of a successful therapeutic regimen. In our series of 32 patients evaluated for primary lymphedema, 85% were determined to have abnormalities that were not purely lymphatic in origin. The multiscintigr...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80112-6
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of cholescintigraphy to diagnose acute cholecystitis, biliary obstruction, and biliary leakage dates back to the late 1970s. Today, despite the many advances in imaging instrumentation, radiopharmaceuticals, and methodology over these years, cholescintigraphy still plays an important role in confirming or excl...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(03)00032-1
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the components of the thrombotic and fibrinolytic systems have at some time been evaluated as a means of carrying a radiolabel specifically to thrombi, although very few have been promising enough to emerge from investigational status to routine clinical use. New approaches are being explored, including improv...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80176-x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Consolidating personal computers (PCs) with nuclear medicine technology can create high computational power comparable with that produced by vendor-specific computer equipment, and at more affordable prices. The integration of a standard platform and operating system with a large installed base has enabled our departm...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80250-8
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning has been a powerful research tool since its inception. Changes in the marketplace that have allowed PET to move into the clinical environment include the commercial availability of appropriate radiopharmaceuticals, reimbursement of procedures by insurance companies, and incr...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/snuc.2000.9544
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tc-99m pyrophosphate is the grandfather of infarct avid agents. Its value is its clinical availability and ease of use. However, its shortcomings are the delay of 2 to 3 days for reliable interpretation in nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI) and the overarching bone activity. Antimyosin provides exquisite specifi...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(99)80014-2
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:99mTc-PYP myocardial scintigrams represent a means to detect and localize acute myocardial necrosis. These scintigrams are expected to be abnormal with acute myocardial infarcts of at least 3 grams in weight if serial imaging is utilized and proper attention to technique is provided. Any etiology of myocardial necrosi...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(80)80029-8
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adrenal scintigraphy is a unique nuclear medicine procedure that provides noninvasive, functional information concerning the status of the adrenal cortex. The uptake of iodocholesterol, in addition to localizing adrenal cortical abnormalities, can be manipulate to focus on adrenal cortical dysfunction in either the al...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(81)80042-6
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review describes general concepts with regard to radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic or therapeutic applications that help to understand the specific challenges encountered during the design, (radio)synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation and clinical translation of novel radiopharmaceuticals. The design of a ...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.07.001
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the radiotracer used in the vast majority of positron emission tomography (PET) cancer studies. FDG is a powerful radiotracer that provides valuable data in many cancer types. Normal FDG biodistribution is easily identified. In the PET-only era, physiological uptake provided important...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2010.02.001
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with previously treated thyroid carcinoma require lifelong monitoring for recurrent disease. Two diagnostic tests that play a central role in follow-up of these patients--radioiodine whole body scanning and serum thyroglobulin measurement--are most accurate during thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/nm.2000.4599
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review is directed at the clinically useful highlights of ultrasound and radionuclide testing in adults with coronary and valvular heart disease, intracardiac shunts, and hypertrophic and congestive cardiomyopathies. As a clinical toto, the radionuclide procedures are currently more useful than ultrasound examina...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(80)80031-6
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone scintigraphy of the hands and wrists represents an important adjunct imaging technique that complements plain film radiographic examination. The use of the three-phase bone scan provides clinical information not only regarding osseous uptake but the blood flow and extravascular distribution of the radiotracer as ...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0001-2998(98)80016-0
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New software methods that incorporate iterative reconstruction, resolution recovery, and noise compensation now provide the ability to maintain or improve myocardial perfusion SPECT image quality with conventional sodium iodide cameras. Despite lower image counting statistics associated with significantly decreased in...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.04.001
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The practice of nuclear medicine in children is well established for imaging practically all physiologic systems but particularly in the fields of oncology, neurology, urology, and orthopedics. Pediatric nuclear medicine yields images of physiologic and molecular processes that can provide essential diagnostic informa...
journal_title：Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2016.10.006
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
