Abstract:
:Sickling of erythrocytes in patients with S-hemoglobin causes marrow and bone infarction. The former can be demonstrated as a lack of 99mTc-sulfur colloid uptake on marrow imaging examination. These defects may resolve or persist long after the acute episode. If the bone is involved in the acute episode, imaging within the first few days of onset of symptoms can show lack of 99mTc-labeled phosphate uptake, usually in a smaller area than that shown by marrow scanning. Follow-up bone imaging shows increased activity, particularly along the circumference of the bone where periosteal reaction can be demonstrated radiographically. Magnification by use of the pinhole collimator provides better definition of the uptake defect and the distribution of the increased reactive uptake. Timing of examination is important. If marrow imaging is performed in an asymptomatic period, the repeat examination during a painful crisis permits differentiation of old and acute marrow infarction. If 99mTc-phosphate imaging is performed after about 2 days of symptoms, acute infarction can be differentiated from osteomyelitis, which it may mimic clinically. Although osteomyelitis may cause no increased activity in the first 48 hr after onset of symptoms, it is characterized by intense focal activity thereafter (see article by Handmaker in this issue). To assist in differentiating bone infection in a site of marrow infarction demonstrated by marrow imaging, serial bone imaging with magnification may be useful. The uptake defect, followed in several days to 2 weeks, by circumferential increased activity, is a different pattern than the homogeneously intense activity of osteomyelitis, but the peripheral distribution may not be apparent on routine imaging. It is hoped that the utilization of these techniques can decrease the emotional and economic costs of prolonged hospitalization for suspected infection and can also expand our knowledge of the complex pathophysiologic changes of sickle cell bone disease.
journal_name
Semin Nucl Medjournal_title
Seminars in nuclear medicineauthors
Lutzker LG,Alavi Adoi
10.1016/s0001-2998(76)80038-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-01-01 00:00:00pages
83-93issue
1eissn
0001-2998issn
1558-4623pii
S0001-2998(76)80038-4journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Bone scintigraphy of the hands and wrists represents an important adjunct imaging technique that complements plain film radiographic examination. The use of the three-phase bone scan provides clinical information not only regarding osseous uptake but the blood flow and extravascular distribution of the radiotracer as ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(98)80016-0
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past, T3 suppression testing was often required to confirm the presence of autonomous thyroid function in patients with borderline clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of hyperthyroidism or in euthyroid patients with the stigmata of Graves' disease. Similarly, TSH stimulation testing was used to document...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(81)80043-8
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basic principles of the use of radiation dosimetry in nuclear medicine are reviewed. The basic structure of the main mathematical equations are given and formal dosimetry systems are discussed. An extensive overview of the history and current status of anthropomorphic models (phantoms) is given. The sources and ma...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.03.008
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::99mTc-PYP myocardial scintigrams represent a means to detect and localize acute myocardial necrosis. These scintigrams are expected to be abnormal with acute myocardial infarcts of at least 3 grams in weight if serial imaging is utilized and proper attention to technique is provided. Any etiology of myocardial necrosi...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(80)80029-8
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The American Board of Nuclear Medicine gave its first certifying examination in 1972 to 1,096 candidates. It was established with the support of the Society of Nuclear Medicine amid considerable conflict involving the American Board of Radiology, the American Board of Internal Medicine, and the American Board of Patho...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(96)80024-9
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diphosphonate bone scan is ideally suited to assess many global, focal or multifocal metabolic bone disorders and there remains a role for conventional bone scintigraphy in metabolic bone disorders at diagnosis, investigation of complications, and treatment response assessment. In contrast, the role of bone scinti...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2009.08.002
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depending on the iodine supply of an area, the incidence of thyroid cancer ranges between 4 and 12/100,000 per year. To detect thyroid cancer in an early stage, the assessment of thyroid nodules includes ultrasonography, ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and conventional scintigraphic methods using...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2006.03.002
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::New software methods that incorporate iterative reconstruction, resolution recovery, and noise compensation now provide the ability to maintain or improve myocardial perfusion SPECT image quality with conventional sodium iodide cameras. Despite lower image counting statistics associated with significantly decreased in...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.04.001
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is the most common serious brain disorder in children, occurring in all parts of the world and within every stratum of the population. Through its effects, it exerts a significant physical, psychological, economic, and social toll on children and their caregivers. Historically, the surgical treatment of epile...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.06.005
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) findings and their application to cerebrovascular disease are reviewed. Although the coupling of cerebral blood flow and metabolism are best studied with positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography measurements of rCBF can contribute to patient managemen...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80236-3
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of discovering and developing a new pharmaceutical is a long, difficult, and risky process that requires numerous resources. Molecular imaging techniques such as PET have recently become a useful tool for making decisions along a drug candidate's development timeline. PET is a translational, noninvasive im...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.05.006
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing use of automated blood chemistry screens for serum calcium levels along with improved methods in measuring parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels have made the diagnosis of parathyroid disease a common clinical problem. Parathyroid adenomas account for the majority of primary hyperparathyroidism with diffuse ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(85)80024-6
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood cell labeling with 99mTc has progressed through various developmental phases. In the case of red cell labeling, the science seems to have matured sufficiently, although minor refinements in the procedures will no doubt continue to be made. During the last 3 to 5 years, there has been a resurgence of interest in ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80175-8
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advent of simultaneous PET/MRI brought a large amount of possibilities in research and clinical applications into hybrid imaging. Unlike in PET/CT protocols, the MR component provides an almost unlimited number of pulse sequences and possibilities of different protocols in PET/MRI. Nevertheless, there is an impera...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.03.007
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of brain death has gained importance in the past few decades to prevent futile attempts to sustain ventilation and blood circulation when the brain has lost all function and to procure beneficial tissues or life-saving organs for transplantation. However, differences remain among professional societies and...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2011.07.007
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Graft infection following prosthetic vascular reconstruction is an uncommon but severe complication. The clinical presentation is often subtle and nonspecific and may occur long after surgery. Although defining a prosthetic vascular graft infection can be difficult, early diagnosis and treatment are essential for the ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2013.04.004
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) imaging has contributed greatly to the diagnosis and staging of both colorectal and ovarian cancers, and recently has been tested in patients with prostate cancer. Anatomic imaging modalities such as computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging have deficiencies in imaging...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80019-4
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consolidating personal computers (PCs) with nuclear medicine technology can create high computational power comparable with that produced by vendor-specific computer equipment, and at more affordable prices. The integration of a standard platform and operating system with a large installed base has enabled our departm...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80250-8
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe our all-digital, filmless, department of nuclear medicine, which has been fully operational for 3 years. The approach to the design and implementation of a nuclear medicine picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is discussed, as well as enhancements found to be necessary or desirable during our ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80031-5
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, we provide preliminary data and a review of the literature regarding normal structural and functional changes that occur in the aging uterus, ovary, testicle, and prostate gland. It is expected that such knowledge will help physicians to distinguish physiologic changes from pathologic changes at an early...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2007.01.004
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detection of acute myocardial infarction as an area of increased activity has intrigued investigators for some time. Initial attempts with 203Hg-chlormerodrin and 203Hg-fluorescein analogues were successful in man. More recently, however, successful imaging of the acute myocardial infarct has been achieved with severa...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(77)80005-6
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with previously treated thyroid carcinoma require lifelong monitoring for recurrent disease. Two diagnostic tests that play a central role in follow-up of these patients--radioiodine whole body scanning and serum thyroglobulin measurement--are most accurate during thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/nm.2000.4599
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review describes general concepts with regard to radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic or therapeutic applications that help to understand the specific challenges encountered during the design, (radio)synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation and clinical translation of novel radiopharmaceuticals. The design of a ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.07.001
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiolabeling of red cells and their clinical and research application in nuclear medicine constitute an area of continued interest and steady growth during the past two decades. Significant advances have been made so that at the present time, radiolabels with sufficient in vitro and in vivo stability are available fo...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(84)80022-7
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past several years have seen marked advances in technetium/rhenium chemistry applicable to the preparation of new 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. This article focuses on recent developments in technetium chemistry, including the preparation of "3 + 1" complexes, the preparation and use of (99mTc[CO]3)+ complex...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/snuc.2001.26182
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in the efficient production of high purity radioiodine (123I) and new efficient radiolabeling techniques have allowed the development of new classes of cardiovascular radiopharmaceuticals. These include 123I-labeled fatty acids to assess myocardial metabolism, 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) for my...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80165-5
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of gallium for pulmonary diseases is hampered by its relative lack of specificity, typical 1- to 3-day delay between injection and imaging time, and suboptimal imaging characteristics. Other nuclear and nonnuclear imaging modalities, such as (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) and high-...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/snuc.2002.124178
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure presents a significant problem in industrialized countries, with a high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, where it is most frequently caused by coronary artery disease. Revascularization in patients with symptomatic heart failure has been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Predictors o...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.07.003
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::FDG is a tracer for visualizing glucose metabolism. PET/CT using FDG is widely used for the diagnosis of cancer, because glycolysis is elevated in cancer cells. Similarly, active inflammatory tissue also exhibits elevated glucose metabolism because of glycolysis in activated macrophages and proliferating fibroblasts. ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.02.005
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to SEER Cancer Statistics Review there are around 165,000 new prostate cancer cases estimated in 2018 accounting for 9.5% of all newly diagnosed cancers. Accurate staging of primary prostate cancer is important for therapy selection (local vs systemic). Recent developments in molecular imaging may significan...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.02.004
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00