Abstract:
:The evaluation of primary brain tumor is challenging. Neuroimaging plays a significant role. At diagnosis, imaging is needed to establish a differential diagnosis, provide prognostic information, as well as direct biopsy. After the initial treatment, imaging is needed to distinguish recurrent disease from treatment-related changes such as radiation necrosis. In low-grade gliomas, this also includes monitoring anaplastic transformation into high-grade tumors. Recently, targeted treatments have been an extremely active area of research. Evaluation in clinical trials of such targeted treatments demands advanced roles of imaging such as treatment planning, monitoring response, and predicting treatment outcomes. Current clinical gold standard magnetic resonance imaging provides superior structural detail but poor specificity in identifying viable tumors in treated brain with surgery/radiation/chemotherapy. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is capable of identifying anaplastic transformation and has prognostic value. The sensitivity and specificity of FDG in evaluating recurrent tumor and treatment-induced changes can be significantly improved by coregistration with magnetic resonance imaging and potentially by delayed imaging 3 to 8 hours after injection. Amino acid PET tracers can be more sensitive than FDG in imaging some recurrent tumors, in particular recurrent low-grade tumors. They are also promising for differentiating between recurrent tumors and treatment-induced changes. Newer PET tracers to image important aspects of tumor biology have been actively studied. Tracers for imaging membrane transport such as (18)F-choline have shown promise in differential diagnosis. (18)F-labeled nucleotide analogs such as 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]-fluorothymidine (FLT) and (18)F-FMAU have been developed to image proliferation. The use of FLT has demonstrated prognostic power in predicting treatment response in patients treated with an antiangiogenic agent. Tracers for imaging hypoxia such as (18)F-FMISO have been studied and appear promising in providing prognostic information as well as planning treatment.
journal_name
Semin Nucl Medjournal_title
Seminars in nuclear medicineauthors
Chen W,Silverman DHdoi
10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.02.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-07-01 00:00:00pages
240-50issue
4eissn
0001-2998issn
1558-4623pii
S0001-2998(08)00028-7journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Molecular imaging has revolutionized clinical oncology by imaging-specific facets of cancer biology. Through noninvasive measurements of tumor physiology, targeted radiotracers can serve as biomarkers for disease characterization, prognosis, response assessment, and predicting long-term response/survival. In turn, the...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2020.07.002
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure presents a significant problem in industrialized countries, with a high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality, where it is most frequently caused by coronary artery disease. Revascularization in patients with symptomatic heart failure has been associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Predictors o...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.07.003
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of ventricular performance is essential in the diagnosis and long-term management of patients with heart disease. This can be most easily performed clinically using simple tools. When more definitive objective assessment of cardiac function is indicated, the equilibrium gated blood pool study provides relia...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(79)80015-x
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of radioactive tracer is associated with specific histological changes. Awareness of these changes permits a more specific interpretation of a positive bone scan, especially when correlating the radionuclide image with the plain radiographs. Increased uptake in the flow phase of an imaging study usual...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(97)80003-7
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radionuclide angiocardiography and myocardial perfusion imaging with exercise are valuable methods to assess patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Successful angioplasty results in improvement in ventricular systolic and diastolic function and regional perfusion. Complications of angiopla...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80048-0
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compared with planar imaging, ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy performed with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has a greater sensitivity and specificity, greater accuracy, improved reproducibility, and a lower number of inconclusive reports in the detection of pulmonary embolism. Despite these impr...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2010.07.004
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the most common cause of bone metastases in women. Imaging studies are useful to identify bone involvement and associated complications, for follow-up of disease spread and for the assessment of response to therapy. Bone scintigraphy with (99m)technetium-labeled diphosphonates is most widely used, due...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2009.05.002
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with previously treated thyroid carcinoma require lifelong monitoring for recurrent disease. Two diagnostic tests that play a central role in follow-up of these patients--radioiodine whole body scanning and serum thyroglobulin measurement--are most accurate during thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/nm.2000.4599
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, we provide preliminary data and a review of the literature regarding normal structural and functional changes that occur in the aging uterus, ovary, testicle, and prostate gland. It is expected that such knowledge will help physicians to distinguish physiologic changes from pathologic changes at an early...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2007.01.004
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer remains an important and growing health problem. Advances in imaging of prostate cancer may help to achieve earlier and more accurate diagnosis and treatment. We review the various strategies using reporter genes for molecular imaging of prostate cancer. These approaches are emerging as valuable tools ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2007.09.002
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postsurgical bile leaks can be associated with significant morbidity and even mortality, if not identified and treated at an early phase. Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan is an important test for detection of bile leaks in the postoperative abdomen. However, the lack of anatomical details on planar images ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.06.002
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radionuclide (99m)Tc-MDP bone scan is one of the most commonly performed nuclear medicine studies and helps in the diagnosis of different pathologies relating to the musculoskeletal system. With its increasing utility in clinical practice, it becomes more important to be aware of various limitations of this imagin...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2015.02.002
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies in head and neck cancer are performed using the radiotracer 18-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG). PET with FDG has become a standard clinical imaging modality in patients with head and neck cancer. It contributes valuable information in localizing a primary tumor in p...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2004.03.004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 7 million stress perfusion studies are performed in the United States annually, 44% with pharmacological vasodilator stress agents. Both adenosine and dipyridamole are nonselective coronary vasodilators that are commonly used for stress perfusion imaging. These agents are safe and provide an effective means ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.12.003
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer tomography (CT) is a radiological imaging method which yields transverse tomographic images reflecting with high accuracy the spatial distribution of x-ray attenuation in the part examined. The contrast resolution achieved by CT permits the visualization of soft tissue structure heretofore invisible with conv...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(77)80013-5
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is the most common serious brain disorder in children, occurring in all parts of the world and within every stratum of the population. Through its effects, it exerts a significant physical, psychological, economic, and social toll on children and their caregivers. Historically, the surgical treatment of epile...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.06.005
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The remarkable progress in immunologic techniques in the development of monoclonal antibodies offers the potential for powerful new tools for the detection of cardiovascular disorders, such as acute myocardial necrosis and acute deep venous thrombosis, in an accurate, safe, and noninvasive manner. Historically the use...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80094-7
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial perfusion imaging with 15O-water positron emission tomography (PET) is a validated tool for quantitative measurement of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR). Current scanner and software technology enable quantification of global and regional MBF in clinical PET myocardial perfusion...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2020.02.011
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the radiotracer used in the vast majority of positron emission tomography (PET) cancer studies. FDG is a powerful radiotracer that provides valuable data in many cancer types. Normal FDG biodistribution is easily identified. In the PET-only era, physiological uptake provided important...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2010.02.001
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to SEER Cancer Statistics Review there are around 165,000 new prostate cancer cases estimated in 2018 accounting for 9.5% of all newly diagnosed cancers. Accurate staging of primary prostate cancer is important for therapy selection (local vs systemic). Recent developments in molecular imaging may significan...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2019.02.004
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::FDG is a tracer for visualizing glucose metabolism. PET/CT using FDG is widely used for the diagnosis of cancer, because glycolysis is elevated in cancer cells. Similarly, active inflammatory tissue also exhibits elevated glucose metabolism because of glycolysis in activated macrophages and proliferating fibroblasts. ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2017.02.005
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear imaging in the definition of the components of the congenitally enlarged extremity is important in the design of a successful therapeutic regimen. In our series of 32 patients evaluated for primary lymphedema, 85% were determined to have abnormalities that were not purely lymphatic in origin. The multiscintigr...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80112-6
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhenium-186 (tin)hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) is a new radiopharmaceutical that localizes in skeletal metastases in patients with advanced cancer. A single intravenous administration of approximately 34 mCi (1,258 MBq) resulted in significant improvement in pain in 33 of 43 evaluable patients (77%) following...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(05)80155-2
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer processing can improve the quality of scintigrams in several ways. It can increase the accuracy with which the image approximates the activity distribution by reversing degradation. It can selectively enhance normal or abnormal structures of interest. It can optimize the use of the display system presenting t...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(78)80036-1
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone scintigraphy of the hands and wrists represents an important adjunct imaging technique that complements plain film radiographic examination. The use of the three-phase bone scan provides clinical information not only regarding osseous uptake but the blood flow and extravascular distribution of the radiotracer as ...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(98)80016-0
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although electronic imaging was performed in the early 1950s in nuclear medicine, it was the introduction of computed tomography in 1972 that caused a revolution in medical imaging in that it marked the beginning of the inevitable transformation to digital imaging. This transformation is now more or less complete. Whi...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2018.11.010
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear medicine imaging techniques continue to play a unique role in the evaluation of hepatic masses. Although many useful radiodiagnostic agents are available, the predominant nuclear medicine study used to evaluate hepatic masses in this decade is technetium-labeled red blood cell "blood-pool" scintigraphy. Hepati...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-2998(96)80012-2
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart transplantation is an effective and life-saving therapy for patients with end-stage heart disease. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a frequent complication after heart transplantation and a leading cause of graft failure and death. The diffuse involvement of the coronary macro- and microvasculature in CAV...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2020.12.010
更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::In the early 1970s, when Seminars in Nuclear Medicine started publication, little was known about the quality of reporting in biomedical journals. Senior scholars were invited to become scientific editors of journals based on their research credibility and stature. Their knowledge of journalology (publication science)...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2018.11.009
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) is now possible by substituting Technetium-99m (99mTc) with Gallium-68 (68Ga), using the same carrier molecules as conventional V/Q imaging. Ventilation imaging can be performed with 68Ga-carbon nanoparticles using the same synthesis...
journal_title:Seminars in nuclear medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2018.10.013
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00