Epigallocatechin-3-gallate local pre-exposure application prevents SHIV rectal infection of macaques.

Abstract:

:Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural and major ingredient of green tea, has been shown to have anti-inflammation and anti-HIV-1 properties. We demonstrated that the intrarectal administration of EGCG could protect rhesus macaques from repetitive, intrarectal challenges with low-dose SHIVSF162P3N. This protection has a per-exposure risk reduction of 91.5% (P = 0.0009; log-rank test) and a complete protection of 87.5% (P < 0.001; Fisher's exact test). All protected animals showed no evidence of systemic and mucosal SHIV infection as demonstrated by the absence of viral RNA, DNA and antibodies. In contrast, all controls became infected after repeated SHIV challenges (a median of 2.5 times, range of 1-8 times). Mechanistically, EGCG could block the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4 receptor and suppress the macrophage infiltration/activation in the rectal mucosa of macaques. These data support further clinical evaluation and development of EGCG as a novel, safe and cost-effective microbicide for preventing sexual transmission of HIV-1.

journal_name

Mucosal Immunol

journal_title

Mucosal immunology

authors

Liu JB,Li JL,Zhuang K,Liu H,Wang X,Xiao QH,Li XD,Zhou RH,Zhou L,Ma TC,Zhou W,Liu MQ,Ho WZ

doi

10.1038/s41385-018-0025-4

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-07-01 00:00:00

pages

1230-1238

issue

4

eissn

1933-0219

issn

1935-3456

pii

10.1038/s41385-018-0025-4

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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