[A review of diseases related to the intake of gluten].

Abstract:

:Cereals are considered a basic food. Through the development of cooking, the human being has produced high- gluten-content food, so that it could make the most of its nutritional properties. Wheat is becoming one of the key elements of the Mediterranean diet. Amongst gluten- intake-related pathologies- gluten is present mainly in wheat, barley and rye- celiac disease (CD) is the most well-known. CD is a chronic inflammatory condition which affects gastrointestinal tract which develops in genetically predisposed individuals. The most common manifestation of CD is nutrients malabsorption. This protein trigger other pathology, wheat allergy (WA), which is an adverse immunological effect to gluten due to E immunoglobulin. A recent increased in non celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) has also been noticed, defined as the emergence of a range of gluten-intake related symptoms in patients for which celiac disease and wheat allergy have been ruled out. This article discusses these three conditions with their phatogenic mecanisms and the different clinic manifestations. :Los cereales han sido considerados un alimento fundamental de la dieta. A través del desarrollo de la cocina, el ser humano ha producido alimentos ricos en gluten, con el fin de aprovechar al máximo las propiedades nutricionales de este alimento. De tal manera que el trigo se ha convertido en uno de los elementos centrales de la dieta mediterránea. Entre las patologías relacionadas con la ingesta de gluten, contenido principalmente en el trigo, la cebada y el centeno, la enfermedad celíaca (EC) es la más conocida. La EC es una condición inflamatoria crónica que afecta al tracto gastrointestinal y que se desarrolla en sujetos genéticamente predispuestos. La manifestación más común es la malabsorción de nutrientes. Otra patología condicionada por esta proteína es la alergia al trigo (AT), que constituye una reacción inmunológica adversa al gluten mediada por la inmunoglobulina E. Recientemente está aumentando la sensibilidad al gluten no celíaca (SGNC), definida como la aparición de una variedad de manifestaciones relacionadas con la ingestión de gluten, en pacientes en los que la enfermedad celíaca y la alergia al trigo han sido excluidas. En este artículo se describen estas tres entidades con sus mecanismos patogénicos y las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Vaquero L,Alvarez-Cuenllas B,Rodríguez-Martín L,Aparicio M,Jorquera F,Olcoz JL,Vivas S

doi

10.3305/nh.2015.31.6.8984

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-06-01 00:00:00

pages

2359-71

issue

6

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

31

pub_type

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