[On the association between stature sexual dimorphism and the nutritional status of men and women in the long run].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:height variations across cohorts are a proxy of the evolution of living conditions and, specifically, of the nutritional status of a given population. However, the interpretation of the changes in stature sexual dimorphism are controversial. OBJECTIVE:to test the association between nutritional status and the changes in height differentials between men and women (sexual dimorphism) in the long run (19th and 20th centuries). METHODS:three data sources containing measured adult heights are used, namely: - Data from previous works. - Data from health examination surveys in OECD countries. - Data from the NCD RisC Factor Collaboration project. Two indicators are analyzed: absolute sexual dimorphism (men's height minus women's height) and the ratio of sexual dimorphism (men's height divided by women's height). RESULTS:a secular trend of sexual dimorphism is evidenced over the second half of the 20th century coinciding with the substantial improvement of environmental factors that determine the net nutritional status. Among cohorts born at the end of the 20th century in non-marginal environments, the average sexual dimorphism was found to be 13.69 cm -absolute- and 1.084 -ratio-. In comparison with these modern figures of sexual dimorphism, those found among cohorts born during the 19th century are abnormally low, especially during periods of worsening of living conditions. CONCLUSIONS:if properly addressed, sexual dimorphism has the ability to report on the degree of environmental stress and its impact on the nutritional status and its differentials across specific groups of the population both cross-sectionally and over time. :Introducción: las variaciones generacionales en estatura son un proxy aceptado de las condiciones de vida, y específicamente del estado nutricional de una población, pero existe un debate sobre el significado de las variaciones del dimorfismo sexual a lo largo del tiempo.Objetivos: testar la asociación entre el estado nutricional y los cambios en los diferenciales de estaturas entre hombres y mujeres (dimorfismo sexual) en el largo plazo (siglos XIX y XX).Métodos: se utilizan tres fuentes de datos (estaturas medidas adultas):–Datos contenidos en trabajos previos.–Datos de encuestas de salud en países de la OCDE.–Datos procedentes del proyecto NCD RisC Factor Collaboration. Se analizan dos indicadores: dimorfismo absoluto (diferencia entre estatura masculina y femenina) y ratio de dimorfismo (estatura masculina dividida entre estatura femenina).Resultados: durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX se evidencia una tendencia de aumento intergeneracional del dimorfismo coincidiendo con la mejora sustancial de los factores ambientales que intervienen en el estado nutricional neto de la población. Entre las cohortes nacidas a finales del siglo XX en ambientes no marginales, el dimorfismo medio hallado es de 13,69 cm (absoluto) y de 1,084 (ratio). En comparación con estos valores, los hallados en el siglo XIX son anormalmente bajos, particularmente durante ciclos de deterioro de las condiciones de vida.Conclusiones: adecuadamente referenciado, el dimorfismo sexual puede informar sobre sobre contextos de estrés ambiental y su impacto en el estado nutricional, así como sobre los diferenciales entre segmentos específicos de la población, tanto desde una perspectiva transversal como diacrónica.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Cámara AD

doi

10.20960/nh.2094

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-06-04 00:00:00

pages

123-128

issue

Spec No5

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

35

pub_type

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