Abstract：
:Pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis fractionates chromosome-sized DNA molecules from T. brucei. About 60% of the DNA remains in or close to the gel slot (large DNA). There are about three chromosomes of approximately 2 Mb, at least six chromosomes of 200-700 kb, and roughly a hundred mini-chromosomes of 50-150 kb. The basic copy genes for VSGs 118 and 221 reside in large DNA. Their activation by duplicative transposition leads to the appearance of an additional copy in the 2 Mb DNA, showing that activation involves an interchromosomal gene transposition. When gene 221 is activated without duplication, it remains in large DNA, proving that at least two sites for expression of VSG genes exist. In support of this, the mini-exons encoding the 5' 35 nucleotides of VSG messenger RNAs are in large and 2 Mb DNA. The mini-chromosomes hybridize strongly to VSG gene probes and are absent in C. fasciculata. We suggest that their main function is to provide a large pool of telomeric VSG genes.
journal_name
Celljournal_title
Cellauthors
Van der Ploeg LH,Schwartz DC,Cantor CR,Borst Pdoi
10.1016/0092-8674(84)90302-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-05-01 00:00:00pages
77-84issue
1eissn
0092-8674issn
1097-4172pii
0092-8674(84)90302-7journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CELL文献大全abstract：:Through dissecting the link between spatial genome organization and DNA replication timing, Sima et al. (2018) discover early replicating control elements (ERCEs), a new type of cis-acting elements that regulate replication timing, transcription, and multiple layers of three-dimensional features of genome organization...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.027
更新日期：2019-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA polymerase (pol) β is a model polymerase involved in gap-filling DNA synthesis utilizing two metals to facilitate nucleotidyl transfer. Previous structural studies have trapped catalytic intermediates by utilizing substrate analogs (dideoxy-terminated primer or nonhydrolysable incoming nucleotide). To identify add...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.048
更新日期：2013-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteolytic fragments of human plasma fibronectin were used to identify monoclonal antibodies reacting with the various domains of fibronectin. One of these antibodies, which reacts with cell-attachment-promoting fragments of fibronectin, inhibits attachment of cells to fibronectin-coated surfaces. A cell-attachment-p...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(81)90308-1
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TFIIH is a multisubunit protein complex that plays an essential role in nucleotide excision repair and transcription of protein-coding genes. Here, we report that TFIIH is also required for ribosomal RNA synthesis in vivo and in vitro. In yeast, pre-rRNA synthesis is impaired in TFIIH ts strains. In a mouse, part of c...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00729-8
更新日期：2002-05-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Three recent papers reveal a fascinating link between pol II termination and ribonucleolytic decay of the nascent transcript by a 5'-3' exonuclease (yeast Rat1 and human Xrn2). The exonuclease travels with pol II and gains access to the nascent RNA after endonucleolytic cleavage at the poly(A) site or at a second cotr...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.041
更新日期：2004-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:When human lymphoblastoid mRNA was microinjected into X. laevis oocytes, titers of interferon rapidly reached a maximum inside the oocyte while accumulation of interferon continued in the incubation medium for at least 45 hr. If interferon protein was injected into oocytes it was rapidly inactivated. Significantly, ne...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(79)90260-5
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lineage tracing is the identification of all progeny of a single cell. Although its origins date back to developmental biology of invertebrates in the 19(th) century, lineage tracing is now an essential tool for studying stem cell properties in adult mammalian tissues. Lineage tracing provides a powerful means of unde...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.002
更新日期：2012-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Two-pore domain (K2P) K(+) channels are major regulators of excitability that endow cells with an outwardly rectifying background "leak" conductance. In some K2P channels, strong voltage-dependent activation has been observed, but the mechanism remains unresolved because they lack a canonical voltage-sensing domain. H...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.002
更新日期：2016-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiomyocytes, the cells of the heart muscle, lose nearly all of their proliferative capacity after birth, limiting the heart's ability to regenerate. Naqvi et al. now identify a transient burst of cardiomyocyte proliferation during preadolescence, driven by a thyroid hormone surge, with therapeutic implications for ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2014.04.025
更新日期：2014-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent comparative analysis of the sequenced genomes of 12 Drosophila species (Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2007; Stark et al., 2007) reveals a comprehensive picture of the evolution of small animal genomes and greatly improves computational predictions of functional elements in the D. melanogaster reference se...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2007.12.003
更新日期：2007-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary xerocytosis is thought to be a rare genetic condition characterized by red blood cell (RBC) dehydration with mild hemolysis. RBC dehydration is linked to reduced Plasmodium infection in vitro; however, the role of RBC dehydration in protection against malaria in vivo is unknown. Most cases of hereditary xer...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.047
更新日期：2018-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptotagmin is an abundant synaptic vesicle-associated protein proposed to be involved in calcium-mediated neurotransmitter release. Our molecular and genetic results demonstrate that, although synaptotagmin is required for the proper function of the presynaptic nerve terminal in C. elegans, some neurotransmitter re...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(93)90357-v
更新日期：1993-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonal carcinoma cells derived from murine teratocarcinomas are able to differentiate into the same variety of tissue types as early embryonic cells. Because embryonal carcinoma cells resemble those of the embryo at a stage before X chromosome inactivation has occurred in females embryonal carcinoma cells containin...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(76)90052-0
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using X-ray crystallography, we have directly observed the path of mRNA in the 70S ribosome in Fourier difference maps at 7 A resolution. About 30 nucleotides of the mRNA are wrapped in a groove that encircles the neck of the 30S subunit. The Shine-Dalgarno helix is bound in a large cleft between the head and the back...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00435-4
更新日期：2001-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, a Drosophila gene has been identified, extradenticle, whose product modulates the morphological consequences of homeotic selector genes. We show here that extradenticle protein raises the DNA binding specificity of Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A but not that of Abdominal-B. We further show that extradenticle ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(94)90526-6
更新日期：1994-08-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of electricity in biological systems was first appreciated through electrical stimulation experiments performed by Luigi Galvani in the 18th century. These pioneering experiments demonstrated that the behavior of living tissues is governed by the flow of electrochemical species-an insight that gave rise to th...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.026
更新日期：2017-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Planar polarity is a global, tissue-level phenomenon that coordinates cell behavior in a two-dimensional plane. The Frizzled/planar cell polarity (PCP) and anterior-posterior (AP) patterning systems for planar polarity operate in a variety of cell types and provide direction to cells with different morphologies and be...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.050
更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:CFTR, the protein associated with cystic fibrosis, is phosphorylated on serine residues in response to cAMP agonists. Serines 660, 737, 795, and 813 were identified as in vivo targets for phosphorylation by protein kinase A. The SPQ fluorescence assay revealed that mutagenesis of any one of these sites did not affect ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(91)90446-6
更新日期：1991-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic viral infections represent a major burden to human health, and modulation of the immune system is emerging as a novel approach to fighting such infections. Pellegrini et al. (2011) demonstrate that treatment with the cytokine IL-7 may reinvigorate the immune response to persistent infection by targeting immuno...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2011.01.038
更新日期：2011-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:RORγt(+) Th17 cells are important for mucosal defenses but also contribute to autoimmune disease. They accumulate in the intestine in response to microbiota and produce IL-17 cytokines. Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are Th17-inducing commensals that potentiate autoimmunity in mice. RORγt(+) T cells were induced...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.061
更新日期：2015-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Living organisms sense their physical environment through cellular mechanotransduction, which converts mechanical forces into electrical and biochemical signals. In turn, signal transduction serves a wide variety of functions, from basic cellular processes as diverse as proliferation, differentiation, migration, and a...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.026
更新日期：2013-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Four major receptor families enable cells to respond to chemical and physical signals from their proximal environment. The ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels, G-protein-coupled receptors, nuclear hormone receptors, and receptor tyrosine kinases are all allosteric proteins that carry multiple, spatially distinct, y...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.015
更新日期：2016-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The modularity of protein architecture and the diversity of protein domains hint at a vast combinatorial richness. But evolution appears to have been relatively conservative about selecting new combinations. When a particular grouping of domains within a polypeptide chain can perform a concerted function, that combina...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00196-x
更新日期：2003-03-21 00:00:00
abstract：:All recombination models postulate one or more recombination intermediates that are joint molecules containing two homologous parental molecules. A spike of branched DNA molecules not seen in DNA from mitotic cells was found in the two-dimensional gel analysis of meiotic DNA from S. cerevisiae. The mass of molecules i...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(94)90173-2
更新日期：1994-01-14 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been puzzling that mammalian telomeric proteins, including TRF1, TRF2, tankyrase, and TIN2 have no recognized orthologs in budding yeast. Here, we describe a human protein, hRap1, that is an ortholog of the yeast telomeric protein, scRap1p. hRap1 has three conserved sequence motifs in common with scRap1, is loc...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80858-2
更新日期：2000-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：:CRISPR-Cas9 is a versatile genome editing technology for studying the functions of genetic elements. To broadly enable the application of Cas9 in vivo, we established a Cre-dependent Cas9 knockin mouse. We demonstrated in vivo as well as ex vivo genome editing using adeno-associated virus (AAV)-, lentivirus-, or parti...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.014
更新日期：2014-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the function of c-fps in chicken macrophages and granulocytic cells we have infected chicken bone marrow cells with retroviruses containing the v-fps oncogene. Normal chicken macrophage progenitors, M-CFCs, give rise to macrophage colonies in semisolid cultures when macrophage colony stimulating factor (M...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(86)90494-0
更新日期：1986-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein product of the human Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus (DMD) and its mouse homolog (mDMD) have been identified by using polyclonal antibodies directed against fusion proteins containing two distinct regions of the mDMD cDNA. The DMD protein is shown to be approximately 400 kd and to represent approximately...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(87)90579-4
更新日期：1987-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are primarily viewed as static contributors to gene expression. By developing a high-throughput tRNA profiling method, we find that specific tRNAs are upregulated in human breast cancer cells as they gain metastatic activity. Through loss-of-function, gain-of-function, and clinical-association st...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.046
更新日期：2016-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections disturb metabolic homeostasis in many contexts, but the underlying connections are not completely understood. To address this, we use paired genetic and computational screens in Drosophila to identify transcriptional regulators of immunity and pathology and their associated target genes and physiologies. We...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.007
更新日期：2013-10-10 00:00:00
