Abstract:
:Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions on the surface of dendrites whose morphological and molecular plasticity play key roles in learning and memory. Both the form and function of spines are critically dependent on the actin cytoskeleton. However, new research, using electron microscopy and live-cell super-resolution microscopy indicates that the actin cytoskeleton is more complex and dynamic than originally thought. Also, exciting recent studies from several labs indicate that microtubules, once thought to be restricted to the dendrite shaft, can make excursions into the most distal regions of dendritic spines. Moreover, microtubule invasions of spines appear to be associated with changes in synaptic activity. Thus, it is likely that dynamic interactions between microtubules and actin filaments within dendritic spines play important roles in dendritic spine plasticity.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neurobioljournal_title
Current opinion in neurobiologyauthors
Dent EW,Merriam EB,Hu Xdoi
10.1016/j.conb.2010.08.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-01 00:00:00pages
175-81issue
1eissn
0959-4388issn
1873-6882pii
S0959-4388(10)00133-9journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Neural oscillations are ubiquitous in olfactory systems of mammals, insects and molluscs. Neurophysiological and computational investigations point to common mechanisms for gamma or odor associated oscillations across phyla (40-100Hz in mammals, 20-30Hz in insects, 0.5-1.5Hz in molluscs), engaging the reciprocal dendr...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.10.004
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abstract::It is now 15 years since the discovery that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activity is required to maintain the refined topographic organization of retinotectal projections. Recent studies have identified additional components of the signaling pathways required for activity-dependent map formation and maintenance. Nitr...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00295-7
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abstract::Increasingly systematic approaches to quantifying receptive fields in primary visual cortex, combined with inspired ideas about functional circuitry, non-linearities, and visual stimuli, are bringing new interest to classical problems. This includes the distinction and hierarchy between simple and complex cells, the m...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2005.07.006
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing axons appear to navigate to their targets partly in response to long-range diffusible chemoattractants secreted by target cells. The past year has seen the identification of the first target-derived attractants for developing axons, the netrins. Target-derived diffusible factors have also been implicated in...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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doi:10.1016/0959-4388(95)80091-3
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pruning, a process by which neurons selectively remove exuberant or unnecessary processes without causing cell death, is crucial for the establishment of mature neural circuits during animal development. Yet relatively little is known about molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern neuronal pruning. Holometabolous...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.04.005
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smooth-pursuit eye movements are used to stabilize the image of a moving object of interest on the fovea, thus guaranteeing its high-acuity scrutiny. Such movements are based on a phylogenetically recent cerebro-ponto-cerebellar pathway that has evolved in parallel with foveal vision. Recent work has shown that a netw...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2005.10.013
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of the gut system has been revolutionized over the past decade, in particular regarding its role in immune control and psychological regulation. The vagus nerve is a crucial link between gut and brain, transmitting diverse gut-derived signals, and has been implicated in many gastrointestinal, neurolo...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2020.03.006
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mouse olfactory system, there are approximately 1000 types of odorant receptors (ORs), which perform multiple functions in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). In addition to detecting odors, the functional OR protein ensures the singular gene choice of the OR by negative-feedback regulation. ORs also direct the a...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2008.07.009
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abstract::Our ability to learn and control the motor aspects of complex laryngeal behaviors, such as speech and song, is modulated by the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC), which is situated in the area 4 of the primary motor cortex and establishes both direct and indirect connections with laryngeal motoneurons. In contrast, the LMC...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.05.006
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, eye positions were characterized by the direction of sight, which has two degrees of freedom for conjugate movements and three degrees of freedom for vergent movements. Several groups have recently presented reliable data and unconventional models on binocular coordination, where all three degrees of freed...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::How is an ant-equipped with a brain that barely exceeds the size of a pinhead-capable of achieving navigational marvels? Even though evidences suggest that navigation is a multimodal process, ants heavily depend on olfactory cues-of pheromonal and non-pheromonal nature-for foraging and orientation. Recent studies have...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2011.10.011
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2017.02.011
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography measure local changes in brain hemodynamics induced by cognitive or perceptual tasks. These measures have a uniformly high spatial resolution of millimeters or less, but poor temporal resolution (about 1s). Conversely, electroencephalography...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00197-5
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteoglycans are ubiquitous cell-surface and secreted glycoproteins that are involved in diverse cellular behaviors. The identities of several nervous system proteoglycans, including many of the major species in the mammalian brain, have recently come to light. In addition, recent studies have given new insights into...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0959-4388(93)90143-m
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Learning is essential for animal survival under changing environments. Even in its simplest form, learning involves interactions between a handful of neuronal circuits, hundreds of neurons and many thousand synapses. In this review I will focus on habituation - a form of non-associative learning during which organisms...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2018.10.004
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparative studies over the past year have revealed two new insights into the role of neuropeptides in the evolution of social behaviors. First, across vertebrate taxa, certain neuropeptide effects appear to be gender-specific. Second, species variations in receptor gene structure can alter neuropeptide receptor dist...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00146-x
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abstract::The recent cloning of the gamma-aminobutyric acid and norepinephrine Na(+)-dependent neurotransmitter transporters has led to new approaches for understanding the structure and function of these important synaptic proteins and provides a conceptual model in which to consider recent advances in the physiology, pharmaco...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in drug addiction was initially studied by the use of compounds with different affinities for each cannabinoid receptor or for the proteins involved in endocannabinoids inactivation. The generation of genetically modified mice with selective mutations in these endocannabin...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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doi:10.1016/j.conb.2013.02.004
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Not only is the sense of smell of pivotal importance to most animals but also serves as a significant model system in biological research. In recent years, great strides in our understanding of how the olfactory system is organized and operates have been made. Instrumental in these efforts has been work performed in D...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.02.006
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abstract::Cell-cell communication directs the development of photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila retina. A recent set of studies has provided a genetic dissection of one of these interactions, the induction of the R7 photoreceptor cell by the neighboring R8 photoreceptor cell. The results from these experiments shape our unde...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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abstract::The gene product responsible for autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism, Parkin, has been observed to have ubiquitin ligase activity. This finding has changed the direction of studies on Parkinson's disease by suggesting that abnormal protein turnover might be involved in its pathogenesis. A number of potentially n...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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abstract::Recent technological advances have enabled the use of different optical methods to activate neurons, including 'caged' glutamate, photoactivation of genetically engineered cascades, and direct two-photon excitation. The ability to use light as a stimulation tool provides, in principle, a non-invasive method for the te...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::In many regions of the brain, information is represented by patterns of activity occurring over populations of neurons. Understanding the encoding of information in neural population activity is important both for grasping the fundamental computations underlying brain function, and for interpreting signals that may be...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Our understanding of the central nervous system (CNS) development has been strongly enhanced by the recent progress of single-cell multiomics approaches. Certainly, the multiplex profiling of individual cell epigenomes and transcriptomes together with dynamic lineage tracing systems brings encouraging new perspectives...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
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abstract::Recent work has established that different geometric arrangements of calcium channels are found at different presynaptic terminals, leading to a wide spectrum of calcium signals for triggering neurotransmitter release. These calcium signals are apparently transduced by synaptotagmins - calcium-binding proteins found i...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Optical imaging methods are powerful tools in neuroscience as they can systematically monitor the activity of neuronal populations with high spatiotemporal resolution using calcium or voltage indicators. Moreover, caged compounds and optogenetic actuators enable to optically manipulate neural activity. Among optical m...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual attention operates by biasing competitive interactions between neural representations, favoring relevant over irrelevant visual inputs. Attention can enhance the processing of relevant information using location-based, feature-based or object-based selection mechanisms. Studies using event-related potential and...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.conb.2005.03.008
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abstract::Slow wave activity (SWA) during slow wave sleep (SWS) is the best indicator of the sleep homeostasis. The intensity of the SWA observed during SWS that follows prolonged waking is directly correlated with the duration of prior waking and its intensity decays during SWS suggesting a buildup and a resolution of sleep ne...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::The glial regulation of synaptic function provides important modulation of the synaptic and behavioral changes induced by drugs of abuse. In some cases, this regulation is adaptive, reducing drug-induced change, and in other cases maladaptive, contributing to the induction or maintenance of these changes. Understandin...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Schizophrenia is a disorder of cognitive neurodevelopment. At least some of the core cognitive deficits of the illness appear to be the product of impaired gamma frequency oscillations which depend, in part, on the inhibitory actions of a subpopulation of cortical GABA neurons that express the calcium binding protein ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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