abstract：:Helping involves other-oriented actions that have the potential to benefit another. The last ten years has seen the introduction of several experimental paradigms to study helping in rats. In the best characterized of these, a free rat opens a door to release a rat trapped in an acrylic tube or pool of water. Helping ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Mason P

更新日期：2021-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Ankyrins are scaffolding proteins widely expressed throughout the nervous system. Ankyrins recruit diverse membrane proteins, including ion channels and cell adhesion molecules, into specialized subcellular membrane domains. These domains are stabilized by ankyrins interacting with the spectrin cytoskeleton. Ankyrin g...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Stevens SR,Rasband MN

更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Reward valuation in social contexts is by nature relative rather than absolute; it is made in reference to others. This socially relative reward valuation is based on our propensity to conduct comparisons and competitions between self and other. Exploring its neural substrate has been an active area of research in hum...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Isoda M

更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Databases of consistent, directed- and weighted inter-areal connectivity for mouse, macaque and marmoset monkeys have recently become available and begun to be used to build structural and dynamical models. A structural hierarchy can be defined based by laminar patterns of cortical connections. A large-scale dynamical...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Wang XJ,Pereira U,Rosa MG,Kennedy H

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the central nervous system (CNS) development has been strongly enhanced by the recent progress of single-cell multiomics approaches. Certainly, the multiplex profiling of individual cell epigenomes and transcriptomes together with dynamic lineage tracing systems brings encouraging new perspectives...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Solanelles-Farré L,Telley L

更新日期：2020-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Trans-synaptic interactions organize the multiple steps of synaptic development and are critical to generate fully functional neuronal circuits. While trans-synaptic interactions are primarily mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), some directly involve ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). Here, we review the...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Fossati M,Charrier C

更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:What I cannot create I do not understand - Richard Feynman 1978 Because primate cortical development exhibits numerous specific features, the mouse is an imperfect model for human cortical development. Expansion of supragranular neurons is an evolutionary feature characterizing the primate cortex. Increased production...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kennedy H,Wianny F,Dehay C

更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past few decades, we have witnessed an impressive gain in the knowledge regarding the basic mechanisms underlying human neuronal migration disorders by the usage of mouse models. Nevertheless, despite the remarkable conservation both in the genetic encoded information and the developmental processes, there ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Reiner O,Parichha A,Sapir T

更新日期：2020-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Vision research has traditionally been studied in stationary subjects observing stimuli, and rarely during navigation. Recent research using virtual reality environments for mice has revealed that responses even in the primary visual cortex are modulated by spatial context - identical scenes presented in different pos...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Saleem AB

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Coordinated excitatory and inhibitory activity is required for proper brain functioning. Recent computational and experimental studies have demonstrated that activity patterns in recurrent cortical networks are dominated by inhibition. Whereas previous studies have suggested that inhibitory plasticity is important for...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Herstel LJ,Wierenga CJ

更新日期：2020-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Slow axonal transport conveys cytosolic and cytoskeletal proteins into axons and synapses at overall velocities that are several orders of magnitude slower than the fast transport of membranous organelles such as vesicles and mitochondria. The phenomenon of slow transport was characterized by in vivo pulse-chase radio...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Roy S

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upon receiving injury signals, neurons can activate various pathways to reduce harm, initiate neuroprotection, and repair damaged neurite without cell death. Here, we review recent progresses in the study of neurite repair focusing on neuronal cell-autonomous mechanisms, including new findings on ion channels that ser...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Liu HH,Jan YN

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulus-driven gene expression is a ubiquitous feature of biological systems, allowing cells and organisms to adapt their function in a stimulus-driven manner. Neurons exhibit complex and heterogeneous activity-dependent gene expression, but many of the canonical mechanisms that transduce electrical activity into gen...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Heinz DA,Bloodgood BL

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gastrointestinal tract is innervated by its own enteric nervous system and by extrinsic neurons that connect it with the central nervous system. Innervation allows the gastrointestinal tract to sense and respond to diverse stimuli, adjusting motility and secretion, but also affecting our physiology, behaviour and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ameku T,Beckwith H,Blackie L,Miguel-Aliaga I

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the gut system has been revolutionized over the past decade, in particular regarding its role in immune control and psychological regulation. The vagus nerve is a crucial link between gut and brain, transmitting diverse gut-derived signals, and has been implicated in many gastrointestinal, neurolo...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Yu CD,Xu QJ,Chang RB

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past five years, the surrounding of the brain, that is the meninges (singular meninx) have evolved from being a physical barrier that protects the brain parenchyma to becoming a central player for both the maintenance of normal brain function and the modulation of neurological disorders. Indeed, the meninges ar...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Frederick N,Louveau A

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gut microbiome - the largest reservoir of microorganisms of the human body - is emerging as an important player in neurodevelopment and ageing as well as in brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The growing knowledge on mediators and triggered pathways has advanced our under...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Benakis C,Martin-Gallausiaux C,Trezzi JP,Melton P,Liesz A,Wilmes P

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurofilaments are proteins selectively expressed in the cytoskeleton of neurons, and increased levels are a marker of damage. Elevated neurofilament levels can serve as a marker of ongoing disease activity as well as a tool to measure response to therapeutic intervention. The potential utility of neurofilaments has d...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gordon BA

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging evidences linking pathological mechanisms of prions and tauopathies are accumulating. However, Tau assemblies do not yet fulfill all the criteria of prions. Here, we review recent data pointing similarities between prions and tauopathies and discuss the still existing uncertainties. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Clavaguera F,Duyckaerts C,Haïk S

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual perception is inherently statistical: brains exploit repeating features of natural scenes to disambiguate images that could, in principle, have many causes. A clear case for the relevance of statistical inference in vision is animal camouflage. Although visual scenes are each composed of unique arrangements of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Reiter S,Laurent G

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal life is rhythmic. Here we provide an overview of various rhythmic behaviors, connected environmental factors and endogenous mechanisms. We not only cover terrestrial species, but also highlight aquatic environments with typically complex interconnected rhythms. We further address diel, seasonal and potential lu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Häfker NS,Tessmar-Raible K

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The decision to urinate is a social behavior that is calculated multiple times a day. Many animals perform urine scent-marking which broadcasts their pheromones to regulate the behavior of others and humans are trained at an early age to urinate only at a socially acceptable time and place. The inability to control wh...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Mukhopadhyay S,Stowers L

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parenting is essential for survival and wellbeing in many species. Since it can be performed with little prior experience and entails considerable sacrifices without immediate benefits for the caregiver, this behavior is likely orchestrated by evolutionarily shaped, hard-wired neural circuits. At the same time, experi...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kohl J

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is one of the most common causes of intellectual and developmental disabilities in girls, and is caused by mutations in the gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2). Here we will review our current understanding of RTT, the landscape of pathogenic mutations and function of MeCP2, and culm...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lavery LA,Zoghbi HY

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review connects several lines of research to argue that hyperbolic geometry should be broadly applicable to neural circuits as well as other biological circuits. The reason for this is that networks that conform to hyperbolic geometry are maximally responsive to external and internal perturbations. These networks...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Sharpee TO

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discoveries in modern human neuroscience are increasingly driven by quantitative understanding of complex data. Data-intensive approaches to modeling have promise to dramatically advance our understanding of the brain and critically enable neuroengineering capabilities. In this review, we provide an accessible primer ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Brunton BW,Beyeler M

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracting the structure of complex environments is at the core of our ability to interpret the present and predict the future. This skill is important for a range of behaviours from navigating a new city to learning music and language. Classical approaches that investigate our ability to extract the principles of org...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kourtzi Z,Welchman AE

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical networks receive a highly variable stream of inputs from internal and external influences, and must flexibly adapt their operations on a short timescale. Recent work has highlighted this state-dependent functional flexibility of cortical circuits and provided initial insights into underlying circuit-level mec...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Cardin JA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fine balance between loss-of water and gain-of water is essential for maintaining body fluid homeostasis. The development of neural manipulation and mapping tools has opened up new avenues to dissect the neural circuits underlying body fluid regulation. Recent studies have identified several nodes in the brain that po...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ichiki T,Augustine V,Oka Y

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glial regulation of synaptic function provides important modulation of the synaptic and behavioral changes induced by drugs of abuse. In some cases, this regulation is adaptive, reducing drug-induced change, and in other cases maladaptive, contributing to the induction or maintenance of these changes. Understandin...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Stellwagen D,Kemp GM,Valade S,Chambon J

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ionotropic GABA receptor (GABAAR) mediates fast inhibition in the brain. The GABAAR pore-forming (α, β, and non-α/β) subunits were isolated approximately 30 years ago and have since been the focus of extensive studies. As a result, many properties of GABAARs, including subunit assembly and channel and pharmacologi...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Tomita S

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precise formation of neuronal circuits requires the coordinated development of the different components of the circuit. Here, we review examples of coordination at multiples scales of development in one of the best-studied systems for neural patterning and circuit assembly, the Drosophila visual system, from coordinat...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Courgeon M,Desplan C

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent flurry of genetic studies in mice have provided key insights into how the somatosensory system is organized at a cellular level to encode itch, pain, temperature, and touch. These studies are largely predicated on the idea that functional cell types can be identified by their unique developmental provenance a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gatto G,Smith KM,Ross SE,Goulding M

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of neuronal diversity during development of the nervous system relies on dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape of neural stem cells and their progeny. Targeted DamID (TaDa) is proving invaluable in identifying the genome-wide binding sites of chromatin-associated proteins in vivo, without fixation,...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： van den Ameele J,Krautz R,Brand AH

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present recent literature on model-based approaches to estimating functional connectivity from neuroimaging data. In contrast to the typical focus on a particular scientific question, we reframe a wider literature in terms of the underlying statistical model used. We distinguish between directed versus undirected a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Foti NJ,Fox EB

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the years Pavlovian fear conditioning has proved to be a powerful model to investigate the neural underpinnings of aversive associative memory formation. Although it is well appreciated that plasticity occurring at excitatory synapses within the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) plays a critical role in a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ressler RL,Maren S

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep has been universally conserved across animal species. The basic functions of sleep remain unclear, but insufficient sleep impairs memory acquisition and retention in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Sleep is also a homeostatic process that is influenced not only by the amount of time awake, but also by neural...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Donlea JM

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Learning is essential for animal survival under changing environments. Even in its simplest form, learning involves interactions between a handful of neuronal circuits, hundreds of neurons and many thousand synapses. In this review I will focus on habituation - a form of non-associative learning during which organisms...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： López-Schier H

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals respond to sensory cues emitted by their conspecifics by initiating a repertoire of sex-specific social behaviors, such as mating, fighting, and parental care. These behavioral responses are thought to be largely driven by genetically pre-programmed circuits. However, they can also vary significantly according...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Li Y,Dulac C

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vision is an active process. What we perceive strongly depends on our actions, intentions and expectations. During visual processing, these internal signals therefore need to be integrated with the visual information from the retina. The mechanisms of how this is achieved by the visual system are still poorly understo...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Khan AG,Hofer SB

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00