Multiple climbing fibers signal to molecular layer interneurons exclusively via glutamate spillover.

abstract：:Sleep can strengthen memory for emotional information, but whether emotional memories can be specifically targeted and modified during sleep is unknown. In human subjects who underwent olfactory contextual fear conditioning, re-exposure to the odorant context in slow-wave sleep promoted stimulus-specific fear extincti...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Hauner KK,Howard JD,Zelano C,Gottfried JA

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ongoing sensory input is critical for shaping internal representations of the external world. Conversely, a lack of sensory input can profoundly perturb the formation of these representations. The olfactory system is particularly vulnerable to sensory deprivation, owing to the widespread prevalence of allergic, viral ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Wu KN,Tan BK,Howard JD,Conley DB,Gottfried JA

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shift in ocular dominance induced by brief monocular deprivation is greatest during a postnatal critical period and is thought to decline irreversibly thereafter. However, here we demonstrate that complete visual deprivation through dark exposure restores rapid ocular dominance plasticity in adult rats. In additio...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： He HY,Ray B,Dennis K,Quinlan EM

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The entorhinal cortex has been implicated in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by changes in the tau protein and in the cleaved fragments of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). We used a high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) variant that can map metabolic defects i...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Khan UA,Liu L,Provenzano FA,Berman DE,Profaci CP,Sloan R,Mayeux R,Duff KE,Small SA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During development and aging and in amblyopia, visual acuity is far below the limitations set by the retina. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the visual cortex is reduced in these situations. We asked whether neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor, type 2 (TrkB) regulates cortical visual acuity...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Heimel JA,Saiepour MH,Chakravarthy S,Hermans JM,Levelt CN

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We found that optogenetic burst stimulation of hippocampal dopaminergic fibers from midbrain neurons in mice exploring novel environments enhanced the reactivation of pyramidal cell assemblies during subsequent sleep/rest. When applied during spatial learning of new goal locations, dopaminergic photostimulation improv...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： McNamara CG,Tejero-Cantero Á,Trouche S,Campo-Urriza N,Dupret D

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental assumption in neuroscience is that brain structure determines function. Accordingly, functionally distinct regions of cortex should be structurally distinct in their connections to other areas. We tested this hypothesis in relation to face selectivity in the fusiform gyrus. By using only structural conne...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Saygin ZM,Osher DE,Koldewyn K,Reynolds G,Gabrieli JD,Saxe RR

更新日期：2011-12-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The weight of synaptic connections, which is controlled not only postsynaptically but also presynaptically, is a key determinant in neuronal network dynamics. The mechanisms controlling synaptic weight, especially on the presynaptic side, remain elusive. Using single-synapse imaging of the neurotransmitter glutamate c...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Sakamoto H,Ariyoshi T,Kimpara N,Sugao K,Taiko I,Takikawa K,Asanuma D,Namiki S,Hirose K

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate optical reporting of electrical activity in genetically defined neuronal populations is a long-standing goal in neuroscience. We developed Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials 1 (ASAP1), a voltage sensor design in which a circularly permuted green fluorescent protein is inserted in an extracellular loop of...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： St-Pierre F,Marshall JD,Yang Y,Gong Y,Schnitzer MJ,Lin MZ

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb of the mammalian CNS. Recent studies have demonstrated that newborn granule cells of the adult hippocampus are postsynaptic targets of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, but evidence of synapse formation by the axons of these cells is still lacking. B...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Toni N,Laplagne DA,Zhao C,Lombardi G,Ribak CE,Gage FH,Schinder AF

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention powerfully influences auditory perception, but little is understood about the mechanisms whereby attention sharpens responses to unattended sounds. We used high-resolution surface mapping techniques (using functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) to examine activity in human auditory cortex during an int...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Petkov CI,Kang X,Alho K,Bertrand O,Yund EW,Woods DL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic spikes signal synaptic integration at remote apical dendritic sites in neocortical pyramidal neurons in vitro. Do dendritic spikes have a salient signaling role under in vivo conditions, where neocortical pyramidal neurons are bombarded with synaptic input? In the present study, levels of synaptic conductanc...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Williams SR

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons have frequently been regarded as a homogeneous cell population in biophysical, pharmacological and modeling studies. We found robust differences between pyramidal neurons residing in the deep and superficial CA1 sublayers in rats. Compared with their superficial peers, deep pyramidal ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Mizuseki K,Diba K,Pastalkova E,Buzsáki G

更新日期：2011-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A picture viewed from its center of projection generates the same retinal image as the original scene, so the viewer perceives the scene correctly. When a picture is viewed from other locations, the retinal image specifies a different scene, but we normally do not notice the changes. We investigated the mechanism unde...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Vishwanath D,Girshick AR,Banks MS

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many neural signaling receptors are regulated by endocytosis, but little is known about receptor insertion into the plasma membrane. Time-lapse imaging of the beta2 adrenergic receptor expressed in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, using pH-sensitive green fluorescent protein tagging and total internal reflection fluo...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Yudowski GA,Puthenveedu MA,von Zastrow M

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the immune response to cancer, but the mechanisms by which the tumor microenvironment controls TAMs and T cell immunity are not completely understood. Here we report that kynurenine produced by glioblastoma cells activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Takenaka MC,Gabriely G,Rothhammer V,Mascanfroni ID,Wheeler MA,Chao CC,Gutiérrez-Vázquez C,Kenison J,Tjon EC,Barroso A,Vandeventer T,de Lima KA,Rothweiler S,Mayo L,Ghannam S,Zandee S,Healy L,Sherr D,Farez MF,Prat A,

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the cat primary visual cortex, neurons are classified into the two main categories of simple cells and complex cells based on their response properties. According to the hierarchical model, complex receptive fields derive from convergent inputs of simple cells with similar orientation preferences. This model receiv...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Alonso JM,Martinez LM

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncovering structural regularities and architectural topologies of cortical circuitry is vital for understanding neural computations. Recently, an experimentally constrained algorithm generated a dense network reconstruction of a ∼0.3-mm3 volume from juvenile rat somatosensory neocortex, comprising ∼31,000 cells and ∼...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Gal E,London M,Globerson A,Ramaswamy S,Reimann MW,Muller E,Markram H,Segev I

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimuli that elicit itch are detected by sensory neurons that innervate the skin. This information is processed by the spinal cord; however, the way in which this occurs is still poorly understood. Here we investigated the neuronal pathways for itch neurotransmission, particularly the contribution of the neuropeptide ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Huang J,Polgár E,Solinski HJ,Mishra SK,Tseng PY,Iwagaki N,Boyle KA,Dickie AC,Kriegbaum MC,Wildner H,Zeilhofer HU,Watanabe M,Riddell JS,Todd AJ,Hoon MA

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythmic movements, such as walking, chewing or scratching, are phylogenetically old motor behaviors found in many organisms, ranging from insects to primates. In contrast, discrete movements, such as reaching, grasping or kicking, are behaviors that have reached sophistication primarily in younger species, particular...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Schaal S,Sternad D,Osu R,Kawato M

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of populations of receptor proteins suggest that their number and location are highly regulated. Single-particle tracking of glycine receptors now reveals the direct movement of receptors between different clusters of the anchoring protein gephyrin. ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Craig AM,Lichtman JW

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The balance between proliferation and apoptosis is critical for proper development of the nervous system. Yet, little is known about molecules that regulate apoptosis of proliferative neurons. Here we identify a soluble, secreted form of CPG15 expressed in embryonic rat brain regions undergoing rapid proliferation and...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Putz U,Harwell C,Nedivi E

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used ultrasound image-guided injections of high-titer retroviral vectors to obtain widespread introduction of genes into the mouse nervous system in utero as early as embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). The vectors used included internal promoters that substantially improved proviral gene expression in the ventricular zone o...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Gaiano N,Kohtz JD,Turnbull DH,Fishell G

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcircuits composed of principal neuron and interneuron dendrites have an important role in shaping the representation of sensory information in the olfactory bulb. Here we establish the physiological features governing synaptic signaling in dendrodendritic microcircuits of olfactory bulb glomeruli. We show that de...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Murphy GJ,Darcy DP,Isaacson JS

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the information processing in the brain occurs at the level of local circuits; however, the mechanisms underlying their initial development are poorly understood. We sought to examine the early development and plasticity of local excitatory circuits in the optic tectum of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We found that...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Pratt KG,Dong W,Aizenman CD

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The healthy human brain is a mosaic of varied genomes. Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposition is known to create mosaicism by inserting L1 sequences into new locations of somatic cell genomes. Using a machine learning-based, single-cell sequencing approach, we discovered that somatic L1-associat...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Erwin JA,Paquola AC,Singer T,Gallina I,Novotny M,Quayle C,Bedrosian TA,Alves FI,Butcher CR,Herdy JR,Sarkar A,Lasken RS,Muotri AR,Gage FH

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells clear virus from the CNS and dynamically regulate brain functions, including spatial learning, through cytokine signaling. Here we determined whether hippocampal T cells that persist after recovery from infection with West Nile virus (WNV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) impact hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Garber C,Soung A,Vollmer LL,Kanmogne M,Last A,Brown J,Klein RS

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been considered important for consolidation of memories, particularly of skills. Contrary to expectations, we found that REM sleep suppression by administration of selective serotonin or norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitors after training did not impair consolidation of skills or word...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Rasch B,Pommer J,Diekelmann S,Born J

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pericytes are perivascular mural cells of brain capillaries. They are positioned centrally in the neurovascular unit between endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons. This position allows them to regulate key neurovascular functions of the brain. The role of pericytes in the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) an...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Kisler K,Nelson AR,Rege SV,Ramanathan A,Wang Y,Ahuja A,Lazic D,Tsai PS,Zhao Z,Zhou Y,Boas DA,Sakadžić S,Zlokovic BV

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:En route to their target, pioneering motor growth cones repeatedly encounter choice points at which they make pathway decisions. In the zebrafish mutant unplugged, two of the three segmental motor axons make incorrect decisions at a somitic choice point. Using positional cloning, we show here that unplugged encodes a ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Zhang J,Lefebvre JL,Zhao S,Granato M

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00