Circuit dissection of the role of somatostatin in itch and pain.

abstract：:Neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, are characterized by invasion of the brain by autoreactive T cells. The mechanism for how T cells acquire their encephalitogenic phenotype and trigger disease remains, however, unclear. The existence of lymphatic vessels in the meninges indicates a relevant link ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Louveau A,Herz J,Alme MN,Salvador AF,Dong MQ,Viar KE,Herod SG,Knopp J,Setliff JC,Lupi AL,Da Mesquita S,Frost EL,Gaultier A,Harris TH,Cao R,Hu S,Lukens JR,Smirnov I,Overall CC,Oliver G,Kipnis J

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:EphAs and ephrinAs are expressed in multiple areas of the developing brain in overlapping countergradients, notably in the retina and tectum. Here they are involved in targeting retinal axons to their correct topographic position in the tectum. We have used truncated versions of EphA3, single-amino acid point mutants ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Carvalho RF,Beutler M,Marler KJ,Knöll B,Becker-Barroso E,Heintzmann R,Ng T,Drescher U

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orchestrating appropriate behavioral responses in the face of competing signals that predict either rewards or threats in the environment is crucial for survival. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) and prelimbic (PL) medial prefrontal cortex have been implicated in reward-seeking and fear-related responses,...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Burgos-Robles A,Kimchi EY,Izadmehr EM,Porzenheim MJ,Ramos-Guasp WA,Nieh EH,Felix-Ortiz AC,Namburi P,Leppla CA,Presbrey KN,Anandalingam KK,Pagan-Rivera PA,Anahtar M,Beyeler A,Tye KM

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is important for many forms of synaptic plasticity. However, the link between activity and resulting synaptic alterations is not fully understood. We identified a direct interaction between N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF), an ATPase involved in membrane fusion eve...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Evers DM,Matta JA,Hoe HS,Zarkowsky D,Lee SH,Isaac JT,Pak DT

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increases in dopamine and glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens independently promote the reinstatement of cocaine seeking, an animal model of relapse. Here we have tested whether cocaine reinstatement in rats depends on interactions between accumbal dopamine and glutamate systems that are mediated by Ca(2+)...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Anderson SM,Famous KR,Sadri-Vakili G,Kumaresan V,Schmidt HD,Bass CE,Terwilliger EF,Cha JH,Pierce RC

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identity of specific cell types in the nervous system is defined by the expression of neuron type-specific gene batteries. How the expression of such batteries is initiated during nervous system development has been under intensive study over the past few decades. However, comparatively little is known about how g...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Deneris ES,Hobert O

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3 kinase enhancer (PIKE) is a recently identified nuclear GTPase that activates nuclear phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 kinase). We have identified, cloned and characterized a new form of PIKE, designated PIKE-L, which, unlike the nuclear PIKE-S, localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. We demo...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Rong R,Ahn JY,Huang H,Nagata E,Kalman D,Kapp JA,Tu J,Worley PF,Snyder SH,Ye K

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retina of warm-blooded vertebrates is believed to be incapable of neural regeneration. Here we provide evidence that the retina of postnatal chickens has the potential to generate new neurons. In response to acute damage, numerous Müller glia re-entered the cell cycle, and shortly thereafter, expressed CASH-1, Pax...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Fischer AJ,Reh TA

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timing is crucial to many aspects of human performance. To better understand its neural underpinnings, we used event-related fMRI to examine the time course of activation associated with different components of a time perception task. We distinguished systems associated with encoding time intervals from those related ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Rao SM,Mayer AR,Harrington DL

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous cannabinoids (eCB) mediate synaptic plasticity in brain regions involved in learning and reward. Here we show that in mice, a single in-vivo exposure to Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) abolishes the retrograde signaling that underlies eCB-mediated synaptic plasticity in both nucleus accumbens (NAc) and h...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Mato S,Chevaleyre V,Robbe D,Pazos A,Castillo PE,Manzoni OJ

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the version of this article initially published, what was originally described as 'conditioned place preference' in a two-chamber mouse experiment could be better described as 'conditioned place avoidance'. ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Chen G,Kim YH,Li H,Luo H,Liu DL,Zhang ZJ,Lay M,Chang W,Zhang YQ,Ji RR

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells clear virus from the CNS and dynamically regulate brain functions, including spatial learning, through cytokine signaling. Here we determined whether hippocampal T cells that persist after recovery from infection with West Nile virus (WNV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) impact hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Garber C,Soung A,Vollmer LL,Kanmogne M,Last A,Brown J,Klein RS

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous gene knockout studies have shown that the orphan glutamate receptor delta2 (GluRdelta2) is critically involved in synaptogenesis between parallel fibers and Purkinje cells during development. However, the precise function of GluRdelta2 and whether it is functional in the mature cerebellum remain unclear. To a...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Hirai H,Launey T,Mikawa S,Torashima T,Yanagihara D,Kasaura T,Miyamoto A,Yuzaki M

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sharp wave-associated field oscillations (∼200 Hz) of the hippocampus, referred to as ripples, are believed to be important for consolidation of explicit memory. Little is known about how ripples are regulated by other brain regions. We found that the median raphe region (MnR) is important for regulating hippocampal r...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Wang DV,Yau HJ,Broker CJ,Tsou JH,Bonci A,Ikemoto S

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A central neuroscientific pursuit is understanding neuronal interactions that support computations underlying cognition and behavior. Although neurons interact across disparate scales, from cortical columns to whole-brain networks, research has been restricted to one scale at a time. We measured local interactions thr...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Snyder AC,Morais MJ,Willis CM,Smith MA

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fear-inducing memories can be state dependent, meaning that they can best be retrieved if the brain states at encoding and retrieval are similar. Restricted access to such memories can present a risk for psychiatric disorders and hamper their treatment. To better understand the mechanisms underlying state-dependent fe...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Jovasevic V,Corcoran KA,Leaderbrand K,Yamawaki N,Guedea AL,Chen HJ,Shepherd GM,Radulovic J

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), negative regulators of neural determination in the early embryo, were found to be potent inhibitors of neurogenesis in olfactory epithelium (OE) cultures. BMPs 2, 4 or 7 decreased the number of proliferating progenitor cells and blocked production of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Shou J,Rim PC,Calof AL

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the numerous examples of anticipatory cognitive processes at micro and macro levels in many animal species, the idea that anticipation of specific words plays an integral role in real-time language processing has been contentious. Here we exploited a phonological regularity of English indefinite articles ('an'...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： DeLong KA,Urbach TP,Kutas M

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a systematic relationship between sound-frequency tuning and sensitivity to interaural time delays for neurons in the midbrain nucleus of the inferior colliculus; neurons with relatively low best frequencies (BFs) showed response peaks at long delays, whereas neurons with relatively high BFs showed response ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： McAlpine D,Jiang D,Palmer AR

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms that activate morphogenesis of cerebral cortex are currently the subject of intensive experimental analysis. Transcription factor genes of the homeobox, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and zinc-finger families have recently been shown to have essential roles in this process. However, the actual ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Muzio L,Di Benedetto B,Stoykova A,Boncinelli E,Gruss P,Mallamaci A

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has shown that human adolescents may be hypersensitive to rewards, but it is not known which aspect of reward processing is responsible for this. We separated decision value and prediction error signals and found that neural prediction error signals in the striatum peaked in adolescence, whereas neural d...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Cohen JR,Asarnow RF,Sabb FW,Bilder RM,Bookheimer SY,Knowlton BJ,Poldrack RA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As we move through the environment, the pattern of visual motion on the retina provides rich information about our movement through the scene. Human subjects can use this information, often termed "optic flow", to accurately estimate their direction of self movement (heading) from relatively sparse displays. Physiolog...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Britten KH,van Wezel RJ

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Robust form perception and underlying neuronal mechanisms require generalized representation of object boundaries, independent of how they are defined. One visual ability essential for form perception is reconstruction of contours absent from the retinal image. Here we show that barn owls perceive subjective contours ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Nieder A,Wagner H

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The precise role of synchronous neuronal firing in signal encoding remains unclear. To examine what kinds of signals can be carried by synchrony, I reproduced a multilayer feedforward network of neurons in an in vitro slice preparation of rat cortex using an iterative procedure. When constant and time-varying frequenc...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Reyes AD

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pericytes are perivascular mural cells of brain capillaries. They are positioned centrally in the neurovascular unit between endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons. This position allows them to regulate key neurovascular functions of the brain. The role of pericytes in the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) an...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Kisler K,Nelson AR,Rege SV,Ramanathan A,Wang Y,Ahuja A,Lazic D,Tsai PS,Zhao Z,Zhou Y,Boas DA,Sakadžić S,Zlokovic BV

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Very little is known about how stimuli that are typically not rich in sugars, such as beer, trigger attractive gustatory responses in Drosophila. We identified a member of the gustatory receptor family, Gr64e, as a receptor that is required for feeding preference for beer and other sources that have fermenting yeast. ...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Wisotsky Z,Medina A,Freeman E,Dahanukar A

更新日期：2011-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Odor stimulation evokes complex spatiotemporal activity in the olfactory bulb, suggesting that both the identity of activated neurons and the timing of their activity convey information about odors. However, whether and how downstream neurons decipher these temporal patterns remains unknown. We addressed this question...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Haddad R,Lanjuin A,Madisen L,Zeng H,Murthy VN,Uchida N

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Independent evidence associates β-amyloid pathology with both non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep disruption and memory impairment in older adults. However, whether the influence of β-amyloid pathology on hippocampus-dependent memory is, in part, driven by impairments of NREM slow wave activity (SWA) and associated ov...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Mander BA,Marks SM,Vogel JW,Rao V,Lu B,Saletin JM,Ancoli-Israel S,Jagust WJ,Walker MP

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hindbrain transcription factors Phox2b and Egr2 (also known as Krox20) are linked to the development of the autonomic nervous system and rhombomere-related regulation of breathing, respectively. Mutations in these proteins can lead to abnormal breathing behavior as a result of an alteration in an unidentified neur...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Thoby-Brisson M,Karlén M,Wu N,Charnay P,Champagnat J,Fortin G

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb of the mammalian CNS. Recent studies have demonstrated that newborn granule cells of the adult hippocampus are postsynaptic targets of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, but evidence of synapse formation by the axons of these cells is still lacking. B...

journal_title：Nature neuroscience

authors： Toni N,Laplagne DA,Zhao C,Lombardi G,Ribak CE,Gage FH,Schinder AF

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00