Abstract:
:Over 65% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reside in sub-Saharan Africa, and thus efforts to change the course of the HIV-1 pandemic should focus on this geographic region. Here, we discuss factors, including sexually transmitted diseases and hormonal contraceptive use, that impact susceptibility to HIV-1 in women in sub-Saharan Africa. This population is of special interest, given that women in this region are more likely to be infected than men. In addition, they are a potential source of transmission to their infants. A better understanding of the factors that influence HIV-1 susceptibility is key to developing interventions to control the epidemic.
journal_name
J Neuroviroljournal_title
Journal of neurovirologyauthors
Benki S,McClelland RS,Overbaugh Jsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
58-65eissn
1355-0284issn
1538-2443journal_volume
11 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy significantly reduced the prevalence of the most severe form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Despite this decline, 35-70 % of HIV-infected patients continue to develop mild motor and cognitive impairments. Although neuropsychological studies hav...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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doi:10.1007/s13365-013-0220-8
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abstract::Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BHV5) infection of young cattle is frequently associated with fatal neurological disease and, as such, represents an attractive model for studying the pathogenesis of viral-induced meningoencephalitis. Following replication in the nasal mucosa, BHV5 invades the central nervous system (CNS) mainly...
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abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated central nervous system (CNS) infection is a rare disease. We report an atypical manifestation of EBV encephalitis initially presenting with a tumor-like lesion of the optic tract in an immunocompromised patient 8 years after a combined kidney and pancreas transplantation had been pe...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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abstract::The entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 into cells is a complex process mediated in part by the binding of the HSV glycoprotein D (gD) to a specific cellular receptor identified as HveC, or nectin-1. We examined the distribution of HveC in sensory and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by immunocyt...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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doi:10.1080/135502801753170336
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abstract::A recombinant adenovirus vector bearing the IL-4 gene (AD-IL-4) was used to infect rat glioma C6 cells in culture at multiplicity of infections (MOI) from 50 to 1800. C6 cell proliferation was not altered significantly by adenoviral infection. However, IL-4 production increased in a dose-dependent manner. To ascertain...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289809114523
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abstract::Nipah virus is a recently emergent paramyxovirus that is capable of causing severe disease in both humans and animals. The first outbreak of Nipah virus occurred in Malaysia and Singapore in 1999 and, more recently, outbreaks were detected in Bangladesh. In humans, Nipah virus causes febrile encephalitis with respirat...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280500187435
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abstract::We examined murine hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59)-induced demyelinating disease in C57BL/6 mice which had previously been thymectomized at 25 days of age. Demyelination was observed in 51-96% of spinal cord quadrants examined 30 or 60 days post infection (dpi), indicating that neither an intact thymus nor thymic...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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doi:10.3109/13550289709018297
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journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280601169837
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain's intrinsic immune system consists of glial cells that produce cytokines and chemokines in response to stimulation with cytomegalovirus (CMV). The present experiments were undertaken to determine whether this intrinsic glial cell response alone is sufficient to control CMV infection of the central nervous sy...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280490441130
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abstract::HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) continue to be common and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms in the combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) era are not fully understood. Interferon alpha (IFNα) is an antiviral cytokine found to be elevated in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-016-0466-z
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::JC virus (JCV) is an unique virus, but eight different JCV genotypes and various subtypes have been individuated, with a geographic distribution that has been described in general but still needs to be detailed. To define JCV genotype epidemiology in Italy, the authors collected urine from 211 healthy individuals livi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280390241269
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the high incidence of cognitive and motor impairment in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, the mechanisms of AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) pathology are not completely understood. Infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques provides an excellent model of AIDS, in...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280390218751
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for amplification of the complete genome of the human polyomavirus JC (JCV) from progressive multifocal leukuencephalopathy (PML) brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PML patients, and from the urine of controls without neurological disease. Efficient amplification with the 'long PCR' method is ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289509114028
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We generated several lines of mice transgenic for the lacZ reporter gene under the control of an HTLV-I LTR. Two different LTR were used; one was isolated from a case of Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL), the other from a case of Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (TSP/HAM). These LTR differed at 18 nucleotide positions. The patt...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289609146898
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crack cocaine use is associated with impaired verbal memory in HIV-infected women more than uninfected women. To understand the neural basis for this impairment, this study examined the effects of crack cocaine use on activation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and strategic encoding during a verbal memory task in HIV-i...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-014-0250-x
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudorabies virus (PRV) primarily infects swine but can infect cattle, dogs, and cats. Several studies have reported that PRV can cross the specie barrier and induce human encephalitis, but a definitive diagnosis of human PRV encephalitis is debatable due to the lack of PRV DNA detection. Here, we report a case of hu...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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doi:10.1007/s13365-019-00822-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toscana virus (Bunyaviridae family, Phlebovirus genus) is a sandfly fever virus responsible for human neurological infections. Sandfly viruses are transmitted by insect vectors (Phlebotomus species) and the infection is present in climatic areas that allow the life cycle of the vector. The arthropode-borne Toscana vir...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280390247678
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With aging of HIV populations, there is concern that Alzheimer's disease (AD) may become prevalent and difficult to distinguish from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. To date, there are no reports documenting histologically verified Alzheimer's neuropathology in individuals with HIV and dementia. Herein, we rep...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-018-0663-z
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) role in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-associated neurodegeneration has been evidenced by previous investigations. In this study, we investigated the specificity of two GSK3beta-specific inhibitors, AR-A014418 (A) and B6B30 (B) to prevent direct neurotoxicity in primary hum...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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abstract::Flavivirus encephalitis is believed to be the result of two main mechanisms: (i) direct damage to and dysfunction of neurons as a result of viral replication and (ii) destruction of the brain tissue by an inflammatory response. The differential impact of both mechanisms on the progression of flavivirus encephalitis ha...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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abstract::Two human alpha-herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and varicella zoster virus (VZV), account for the most frequent and serious neurologic disease caused by any of the eight human herpesviruses. Both HSV-1 and VZV become latent in ganglia. In this review, the authors describe features of latency for these viru...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280390194000
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abstract::To analyze the antigenicity of peptides derived from bovine prion protein (PrP) cDNA, we immunized rabbits with four synthetic peptides and compared the immunoreactivity of antibodies to PrPs from various species by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Two of the antibodies reacted strongly with all PrPs. The othe...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289909015816
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::B-lymphoblastoid cell-lines may develop spontaneously in mononuclear cells from patients with multiple sclerosis, an observation rarely seen in healthy individuals. Examination of such spontaneously established B-cell lines reveal the presence of Epstein-Barr virus and retrovirus particles. We have speculated that in ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present two cases of recurrent progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with long standing virally suppressed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and normal CD4+ T cell count who were taking stable regimens of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This has significant implications for oth...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0419-y
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injection drug use has been recognized as a major risk factor for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from the outset of the epidemic. Cocaine, one of the most widely abused drugs in the United States, can both impair the functions of macrophages and CD4(+) lymphocytes and also activate human immunodeficiency vi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280701528684
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningitis in a healthy adult woman with no antecedent rash and with hypoglycorrhachia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed the presence of VZV DNA, anti-VZV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, and intrathecal production of anti-VZV IgG antibody. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280902725550
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is characterized by increased apoptosis, gliosis, and oxidative stress in the CNS, as well as a compromised blood-brain barrier. TNF-alpha has been shown to be elevated in AIDS dementia complex brains and may contribute to AIDS dementia complex. To model elevated TNF-alpha in AIDS dementia ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550280009091948
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In HIV patients, HCV co-infection has been associated with an increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Furthermore, PML has also been described in patients with cirrhosis, whether related to HCV infection or not. We describe here the case of a HIV/HCV co-infected patient with cirrhosis who d...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
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更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A neuroinvasive/neuropathogenic SIV variant termed SIVmac182 was previously isolated and characterized (Watry et al, 1994). This neuroinvasive strain was derived from the uncloned strain SIVmac251 through serial animal passage of infected microglia, unlike previously reported neurovirulent strains. Importantly, the vi...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289809114528
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most immunosuppressed individuals who develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) have a rapid fatal outcome, whereas some become long-term survivors. We explored the impact of the cellular immune response against JC virus (JCV) on the clinical outcome of 7 HIV+ and 3 HIV- individuals with PML. Of the 4 H...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280152537175
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00