Abstract:
:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been implicated in neurological complications in developed countries. Developing countries have different viral clades and potentially different genetic and social risks for these complications. Baseline neurological performance measures associated with HIV infection have rarely been available from developing countries. The authors carried our a cross-sectional neurological evaluation of a cohort of community-dwelling treatment-naïve HIV-infected patients and similar control subjects from the same communities in Ethiopia. Blinded evaluation using standardized structured questionnaires and a neurological examination was performed by neurologists and treating physicians trained by an HIV neurology specialist. Quantitative performance measures for cognitive and motor function were employed. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods, standard contingency table methods, and nonparametric methods. HIV-positive and control groups were similar by age, gender, and job site. Participants included 73 HIV-positive and 87 HIV-negative controls. Fingertapping speed in the dominant hand was more poorly performed in HIV positives than negatives (P = .01) and was significantly associated with HIV viral load levels (P = .03). Other quantitative neuropsychiatric tests including timed gait, grooved pegboard, task learning, and animal naming did not show significant differences between the two groups. The overall prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) and/or peripheral nervous system (PNS) disease did not significantly differ in the two populations. HIV patients had slowed fingertapping speed correlating with viral load. Other measures of CNS and/or peripheral nervous performance did not differ from controls. The unanticipated minor evidence of HIV-associated neurocognitive and peripheral nerve deficits in this untreated HIV-positive population invite further investigation.
journal_name
J Neuroviroljournal_title
Journal of neurovirologyauthors
Clifford DB,Mitike MT,Mekonnen Y,Zhang J,Zenebe G,Melaku Z,Zewde A,Gessesse N,Wolday D,Messele T,Teshome M,Evans Sdoi
10.1080/13550280601169837subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
67-72issue
1eissn
1355-0284issn
1538-2443pii
776092177journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Neurocognitive disorders such as dementia and cognitive/motor impairments are among the most significant complications associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, especially in aging populations, yet the pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Activated macrophages and microglia in white matter along...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-013-0229-z
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 10 - 15 years, magnetic resonance imaging techniques have had a major impact in understanding and managing multiple sclerosis. The present review briefly summarises the current usefulness of spinal cord MRI in MS disease, examining the frequency, distribution and main characteristics of spine MS plaques;...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine hepatitis virus A59 infection of the central nervous system (CNS) results in CNS demyelination in susceptible strains of mice. In infected B-cell-deficient mice, demyelination not only occurred but was also more severe than in parental C57BL/6 animals. This increase may be due to the persistence of virus in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280290049697
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 viral proteins have been implicated in endothelial dysfunction, which is a major determinant of ischaemic stroke risk in HIV-infected individuals. Polymorphisms in HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) may alter its potential to promote endothelial dysfunction, by modifying its effects on viral replication, reactivation o...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00936-y
更新日期:2021-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Although HIV-associated dementia (HAD) occurs in less than 5 % of individuals with access to combination antiretroviral therapy, rates of milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) are much higher. We sought to define an optimal cut point for the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) in Thailand f...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-013-0151-4
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When the bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) latency-related (LR) gene is inserted into the latency-associated transcript (LAT) locus of a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) LAT deletion mutant, high levels of spontaneous reactivation from latency and enhanced pathogenesis occur. The LR gene, but not LAT, inhibits caspase 3...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280490261716
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the high incidence of cognitive and motor impairment in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, the mechanisms of AIDS-related central nervous system (CNS) pathology are not completely understood. Infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques provides an excellent model of AIDS, in...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280390218751
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-associated neuropathogenesis occurs in a large minority of infected people. Presently, there are neither viral nor cellular markers that predict the development of brain disease during HIV-1 infection. This study was conducted to determine whether there exist systematic diff...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280701510104
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continues to be prevalent (30-50%) despite plasma HIV-RNA suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). There is no proven therapy for individuals on suppressive cART with HAND. We have shown that the degree of HIV reservoir burden (HIV DNA) in monocytes app...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-014-0279-x
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To verify the possibility of different role of JC virus genotypes in the etiology of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, we analysed several JC virus isolates amplified from AIDS patients with and without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and healthy controls by nucleotide sequencing. Cerebrospinal fl...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/135502801300069638
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a constellation of related metabolic risk factors, is a common comorbidity associated with cognitive difficulty in people living with HIV (PLWH). Neurobehavioral disturbances (e.g., behavioral manifestations of frontal-subcortical dysfunction) are also prevalent in HIV, yet the role MetS mig...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00878-5
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, the role of the inflammatory response in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) remains controversial. In this study, JC virus DNA load and levels of cytokines were determined in cerebrospinal fluid (CS...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280590924539
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies found that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection led to white matter (WM) microstructure degeneration. Most of the DTI studies were cross-sectional and thus merely investigated only one specific point in the disease. In order to systematically study the WM impairm...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0388-1
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the era of the AIDS pandemic, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has ceased being a rare disease. Prevalence estimates from clinical and pathological series suggest that up to 5% of all HIV-infected persons will develop PML. The extraordinary frequency with which PML attends HIV infection vastly excee...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13550280390195261
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by the neurotropic human polyomavirus JC (JCV) lytic infection of oligodendrocytes. PML was first described as a complication of lymphoproliferative disorders more than 50 years ago and emerged as a major c...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s13365-012-0080-7
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human parechoviruses (HPeV) are classified into 14 genotypes. HPeV1 and HPeV2 are the most prevalent genotypes in young children, which have been associated with mild to severe diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of HPeVs in aseptic meningitis and sepsis-like illness in Iran. Viral RNA wa...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-013-0221-7
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of neuropsychological performance was conducted in 33 HIV+ patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Grooved Pegboard (GP) non-dominant hand performance improved in 23/33 (70%) subjects (P=0.002). Among 23 patients with motor slowing (GP non-dominant hand z score < -1.0) at baseline, 18...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550280009006385
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuromotor rehabilitative treatment should be joined in the global individualised project. The rehabilitation project is developed by an interdisciplinary. Hence, the clinicians have to promote an appropriate compensation process in the daily living activities with a rapid insertion of new or recovered motor-postu...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is a tryptophan metabolite which has been found to be an excitotoxin in rats, although its toxicity in humans is unknown. QUIN has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia complex. This study examined the effect of QUIN on human fetal brain tissue in vitro. After at least 14 days in ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289509111027
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is chronic myelopathy characterized by slowly progressive spastic paraparesis and urinary dysfunction. A few biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid are known to be related to disease activity, but no biomarker has be...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00838-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus-specific CD4+ T cells could be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, provided they can gain entry to the intrathecal compartment. The authors have previously demonstrated that cerebrospinal fluid T cells from multiple sclerosis patients recognize autologous Epstein-Barr virus-transform...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13550280490499524
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite modern antiretroviral therapy, HIV-associated sensory neuropathy affects over 50 % of HIV patients. The clinical expression of HIV neuropathy is highly variable: many individuals report few symptoms, but about half report distal neuropathic pain (DNP), making it one of the most prevalent, disabling, and treatm...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s13365-014-0236-8
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amplification of viral nucleic acids from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has considerably improved the diagnosis of several acute, subacute and chronic viral infections of the nervous system. In herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become the method of choice for the rap...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/13550289609146880
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudorabies virus (PRV) primarily infects swine but can infect cattle, dogs, and cats. Several studies have reported that PRV can cross the specie barrier and induce human encephalitis, but a definitive diagnosis of human PRV encephalitis is debatable due to the lack of PRV DNA detection. Here, we report a case of hu...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-019-00822-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for amplification of the complete genome of the human polyomavirus JC (JCV) from progressive multifocal leukuencephalopathy (PML) brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PML patients, and from the urine of controls without neurological disease. Efficient amplification with the 'long PCR' method is ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289509114028
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 65% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reside in sub-Saharan Africa, and thus efforts to change the course of the HIV-1 pandemic should focus on this geographic region. Here, we discuss factors, including sexually transmitted diseases and hormonal contraceptive use, that impa...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus (HSV) latent infection of ganglion neurons follows axoplasmic transport of HSV, probably in the form of nucleocapsid from peripheral sites of infection (e.g. footpad). This raises the possibility that latency is dependent on this particular means of presenting HSV to ganglion neurons. To investiga...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/13550289809113497
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in regulating eukaryotic genome replication and gene expression in diverse biological systems. Here, we identified lncRNAs transcribed from pseudorabies virus (PRV)-infected PK-15 cells. Based on high-throughput sequencing data, we obtained 87,263,926 and 93,947,628 c...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-018-0651-3
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV viral proteins within the central nervous system are associated with the development of neurocognitive impairments in HIV-infected individuals. Dopamine transporter (DAT)-mediated dopamine transport is critical for normal dopamine homeostasis. Abnormal dopaminergic transmission has been implicated as a risk determ...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-015-0391-6
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to describe the chronic pain characteristics in individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) per subgroup (asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)) compared with controls with chronic pain withou...
journal_title:Journal of neurovirology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00914-4
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00