Chemokines in lymphopoiesis and lymphoid organ development.

abstract：:Immunological memory is broadly understood as the underlying mechanism by which an organism remembers previous encounters with pathogens, aberrant cells, or self-antigens to produce a more rapid or robust secondary response upon re-encounter. This phenomenon is widely accepted as the hallmark feature of the adaptive i...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lau CM,Sun JC

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune system is a delicately balanced network of interacting cells. In recent years, the concept of immune regulation/suppression has been firmly established, and both natural and induced regulatory cells play vital roles in protection from autoimmune disease. Recent work has revealed the diverse nature of regula...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wraith DC,Nicolson KS,Whitley NT

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diverse αβ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire exhibits versatility in its ability to generate antigen (Ag) receptors capable of interacting with polymorphic Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules and monomorphic MHC-I like molecules, including the CD1 and MR1 families. Collectively, these evolutionarily re...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Eckle SB,Turner SJ,Rossjohn J,McCluskey J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of novel vaccine candidates against infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis has highlighted our limited understanding of immune mechanisms required to kill M. tuberculosis. The induction of a Th1 immunity is vital, but new studies are required to identify other mechanisms that may be necessary. Nove...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Izzo AA

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficient induction of interferons alpha and beta (IFN-alpha/beta) in virus-infected cells is central to the antiviral response of a host and is regulated mainly at the level of gene transcription. Once produced, IFN-alpha/beta transmit signals to the cell interior via a specific receptor complex to induce an anti...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Taniguchi T,Takaoka A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinctions between tumor necrosis factor, TNF-alpha, and lymphotoxin, TNF-beta, have previously been based on the differences between their protein sequences, biological activity, and molecular regulation. In the past year, elucidation of the molecular nature of the two molecules and the interactions with common rec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Ruddle NH

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insects are particularly resistant to microorganisms. Their host-defense system relies on several innate reactions: upon injury, the immediate onset of two proteolytic cascades leading to localized blood clotting and to melanization, the latter process involving production of cytotoxic molecules (namely reactive oxyge...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hoffmann JA

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simply detecting the presence or absence of Foxp3, a transcription factor characteristic of naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), now appears of minimal value in predicting the outcome of immunologic responses, since dividing human CD4+ effector T cells can induce Foxp3 without attaining repressiv...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tao R,de Zoeten EF,Ozkaynak E,Wang L,Li B,Greene MI,Wells AD,Hancock WW

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presentation of antigenic peptides by MHC class I molecules plays a vital role in generating T cell responses against infection and cancer. Over the last two decades the central role of tapasin as a peptide editor that influences the loading and optimisation of peptides onto MHC class I molecules has been extensiv...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Neerincx A,Boyle LH

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lack of information on the mechanisms of protective immunity to AIDS virus infection represents a major obstacle to the development of a rational strategy for an effective HIV vaccine. In macaques, immunization with live attenuated simian immunodeficiency viruses has induced the most potent protective immunity and con...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Johnson RP,Desrosiers RC

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and maintenance of regulatory T (T-reg) cells is crucial for determining the level of reactivity in the immune system. Until recently, however, surprisingly little was known about the factors involved in the development of these cells in the thymus or the mechanisms that maintain them in the periphery....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Liston A,Rudensky AY

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the areas of greatest recent progress in immunology has been the elucidation of inhibitory receptors and their mode of signal transduction. A common feature of members of this growing family is expression of a conserved cytoplasmic sequence motif, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, which functi...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tamir I,Dal Porto JM,Cambier JC

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:V(D)J recombination not only comprises the molecular mechanism that insures diversity of the immune system but also constitutes a critical checkpoint in the developmental program of B and T lymphocytes. The analysis of human patients with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) has enabled (and will enable in the fut...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： de Villartay JP,Poinsignon C,de Chasseval R,Buck D,Le Guyader G,Villey I

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fundamental advances in the fields of molecular biology and immunology have facilitated investigation of the autoimmune blistering disorders. Recently, the use of human autoantibodies has helped to identify biologically important adhesion molecules of the skin, and the pathogenic mechanisms involved in bullous skin di...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Nousari HC,Anhalt GJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful vaccination relies on driving the immune response towards high specificity, affinity and longevity. Germinal centers facilitate the evolution of antigen-specific B cells by iterative rounds of diversification, selection, and differentiation to memory and plasma cells. Experimental evidence points to B cell ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Dufaud CR,McHeyzer-Williams LJ,McHeyzer-Williams MG

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B cells that fail to pass a developmental checkpoint, either as immature or mature B cells, can be rescued by creating a new B cell antigen receptor through nested secondary immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, a process termed receptor editing. Tolerance-mediated receptor editing occurs in self-reactive immature bone ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hertz M,Nemazee D

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precursor B cells assemble a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes by the process of V(D)J recombination. Assembly of IgH genes is regulated in a tissue- and stage-specific manner via the activation and then the inactivation of distinct regions within the one megabase IgH locus. Recent studies have shown tha...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sen R,Oltz E

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The strong genetic association of ERAP1 (endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which is restricted to HLA-B27 positive cases, has profound pathogenetic implications. ERAP1 is involved in trimming peptides to optimal length for binding to HLA class 1 molecules, thereby not only affec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Keidel S,Chen L,Pointon J,Wordsworth P

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suppressor T cells down-regulate the activity of other cells in the immune system, and, albeit controversial, are believed to play a role in immunological tolerance and immunoregulation. Significant progress has been made in characterizing suppressor T cells and their receptors, and in elucidating mechanisms of immuno...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Murphy DB

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MHC class II molecules (MHC-II) present antigenic fragments acquired in the endocytic route to the immune system for recognition and activation of CD4+ T cells. This ignites a series of immune responses. MHC-II strongly correlates to most autoimmune diseases. Understanding the biology of MHC-II is therefore expected t...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： van den Hoorn T,Paul P,Jongsma ML,Neefjes J

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes specialized in early defense against virus-infected and transformed cells. NK-cell function is regulated by activating and inhibitory surface receptors recognizing their ligands on transformed cells. Modulation of NK numbers and/or function by a variety of agents suc...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Muntasell A,Ochoa MC,Cordeiro L,Berraondo P,López-Díaz de Cerio A,Cabo M,López-Botet M,Melero I

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes most heart attacks and strokes, making it the biggest killer in the world. Although cholesterol-lowering drugs have dramatically reduced these major adverse cardiovascular events, there remains a high residual risk called inflammatory risk. Atherosclerosis ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Kobiyama K,Saigusa R,Ley K

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the CD1 antigen-presenting system reveals that T cells survey the lipid content of target cells via T-cell receptor (TCR) contact with CD1 bound to lipids, glycolipids and small molecules. Recently, CD1 proteins have been found to present mycobacterial lipopeptides that are involved in scavenging iron...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Van Rhijn I,Zajonc DM,Wilson IA,Moody DB

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protective and pathogenic immune responses were initially thought to be determined by the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th1 and Th2 effector subsets and the immunosuppressive activity of thymic-derived regulatory T cells. It is now clear that naïve T cells can also differentiate into 'induced' regulatory T cel...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sundrud MS,Rao A

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The surface and lining tissues of our body are exposed to the external environment, and as such these epithelial tissues must form structural barriers able to defend against microbes, environmental toxins, and mechanical stress. Their cells are equipped to detect a diverse array of surface perturbations, and then laun...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Larsen SB,Cowley CJ,Fuchs E

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear factor κ enhancer binding protein (NF-κB) family of transcription factors regulates the expression of a large array of genes involved in diverse cellular processes including inflammation, immunity and cell survival. Activation of NF-κB requires ubiquitination, a highly conserved and versatile modification ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chen J,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) persists within the host in the presence of concomitant immunity by establishing a latent infection within sensory neurons. HSV-1 latency is widely viewed as a neuron-enforced quiescent state of the virus, in which a lack of viral protein synthesis prevents recognition of the infect...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Khanna KM,Lepisto AJ,Decman V,Hendricks RL

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination against intracellular pathogens requires generation of a pool of memory T cells able to respond upon infection and mediate either killing of the infected cell or induce killing mechanisms in the infected cell. T cell-inducing vaccines must aim to target the antigen to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) so tha...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Griffiths KL,Khader SA

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diseases due to defect in tolerance induction such as allergy, celiac disease, or Type 1 Diabetes develop mostly in childhood indicating the necessity of early intervention for primary prevention. Epidemiological studies report that breastfeeding could protect from these diseases. However, data are controversial and t...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Verhasselt V

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While the role of PD-1 in inhibiting immunity during chronic infections is well established, its functions during acute infections are much less clear. The PD-1 pathway can dampen CD8 T cell responses during some acute infections and restrain responses by 'helpless' CD8 memory T cells. An emerging role for PD-1 in inn...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Brown KE,Freeman GJ,Wherry EJ,Sharpe AH

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00