Abstract：
:Insects are particularly resistant to microorganisms. Their host-defense system relies on several innate reactions: upon injury, the immediate onset of two proteolytic cascades leading to localized blood clotting and to melanization, the latter process involving production of cytotoxic molecules (namely reactive oxygen intermediates); the phagocytosis of bacteria and the encapsulation of larger parasites by blood cells; the induced synthesis by the fat body of a battery of potent antimicrobial peptides/polypeptides which are secreted into the hemolymph where they act synergistically to kill the invading microorganisms. The insect host defence system shares many of the basic characteristics of the mammalian acute phase response, especially at the level of the coordinate control of gene expression, where similar cis-regulatory and inducible transactivators appear to play key functions. The powerful techniques developed to study the genetics of Drosophila provide a unique opportunity to dissect the development and differentiation of this primordial immune system and may contribute to our understanding of the innate immune response in higher organisms.
journal_name
Curr Opin Immunoljournal_title
Current opinion in immunologyauthors
Hoffmann JAdoi
10.1016/0952-7915(95)80022-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-02-01 00:00:00pages
4-10issue
1eissn
0952-7915issn
1879-0372pii
0952-7915(95)80022-0journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Induction of antiviral immunity in vertebrates and invertebrates relies on members of the RIG-I-like receptor and Dicer families, respectively. Although these proteins have different size and domain composition, members of both families share a conserved DECH-box helicase domain. This helicase, also known as a duplex ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2015.01.009
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the areas of greatest recent progress in immunology has been the elucidation of inhibitory receptors and their mode of signal transduction. A common feature of members of this growing family is expression of a conserved cytoplasmic sequence motif, the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif, which functi...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(00)00092-3
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases result from the dysregulation of genetic and proteomic programs. In MS, the loss of immune homeostasis leads to aberrant targeting and destruction of the myelin sheath, which manifests as the clinical syndrome of MS. The advent of technologies to perform large-scal...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2003.09.015
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vaccines prophylactic against infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) are based on alum adjuvanted virus-like particles. Two such vaccines have recently been shown to prevent persistent HPV infection and associated cervical cancer precursor lesions. The genotype-specific neutralising antibody directed at conformatio...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2007.01.004
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past couple of years there has been significant progress in our understanding of the development of different lineages of T cells within the thymus. Pathways, subpopulations and cellular dynamics are all becoming clearer. Signal transduction through primary and accessory receptors is also beginning to be un...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(91)90051-2
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Defensins are a component of the host response against bacterial infections. Multiple studies suggest a linked upregulation of beta-defensins and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in various tissues, as well as the possibility of mutual induction. Recent data demonstrate the importance of nucleotide-binding oligom...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2007.06.008
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent findings indicate that activated T lymphocytes, showing restricted T-cell receptor repertoire and a Th1-like profile of cytokine production, are responsible for macrophage activation and release of inflammatory cytokines, toxic oxygen metabolites and nitric oxide, which initiate and maintain the transmural inte...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(97)80180-x
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with helminths has been associated with lower rates of asthma and other allergic diseases. This has been attributed, in part, to the ability of helminths to induce regulatory T cells that suppress inappropriate immune responses to allergens. Recent compelling evidence suggests that helminths may promote regu...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.007
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid progress in the discovery of members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor/ligand superfamilies has been made, mainly with the help of massive DNA sequencing and bioinformatic studies. Biological studies of the new members have not only indicated overlapping roles with other members but also provided insights in...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(99)80054-5
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensing of RNA virus infection by the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) engages a complex signaling cascade that utilizes the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) adapter protein to orchestrate the innate host response to pathogen, ultimately leading to the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses mediated by t...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2011.08.001
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although twelve years have passed since the identification of HIV as the cause of AIDS, we do not yet know how HIV kills its target, the CD4+ T cell, nor how this killing cripples the immune system. Prominent theories include direct killing of infected CD4+ T cells by the action or accumulation of cytopathic viral DNA...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(94)90149-x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of new targeted therapies is rapidly improving the treatment of autoimmune disease. These drugs have been variably designed to deplete specific T and B cell subsets, interrupt receptor-ligand interactions, and inhibit the activity of inflammatory mediators relevant to immune function. Abatacept, a co-sti...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2009.09.008
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumors of diverse origin have recently been shown to express CD95 ligand and to induce apoptosis in CD95-expressing targets in vitro; however, in vivo, enhanced tumor growth and rejection have both been observed as a consequence of either immunosuppressive or proinflammatory functions of CD95 ligand. The final in vivo...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80225-2
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are two competing theories to explain the mechanism(s) by which cytolytic T lymphocytes kill target cells: granule exocytosis of a pore-forming protein, and contact-induced internal disintegration. Accumulated evidence supports alternative pathways in lymphocytoxicity, possibly reflecting distinct effector funct...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(91)90031-u
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigen presenting cells (APCs) alert the immune system to attack by extracellular organisms; APCs achieve this via internalization, degradation, and display of antigenic fragments on the cell surface by MHC class II molecules. These class II molecules bind to an accessory protein, termed the invariant chain, that ens...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(01)00295-3
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunotherapy of cancer with blockade of inhibitory immune checkpoints and adoptive cell therapies have led to impressive clinical responses in several cancers. However, with increasing utilization of these therapies, immune-related adverse events have emerged as a major obstacle. Herein I discuss recent insights into...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2019.08.004
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A marked increase in the susceptibility to cutaneous infections and malignancies has been observed in older humans indicating that cutaneous immunity becomes defective with age. In this review we will focus on recent developments in the understanding of age-related changes in immune function of the skin with a particu...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2011.05.008
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of autoimmune diseases using conventional chemical immunosuppressants has short-term effects, imposing the need for chronic treatment with its risks of over-immunosuppression. CD3-specific monoclonal antibodies can restore self-tolerance in a durable fashion after a single short-term treatment, as demons...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2005.09.011
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food allergy is now known to encompass a number of distinct clinical entities that follow the ingestion of specific food or food additives. Research continues to shed light on immediate reactions to foods and food protein-induced enterocolitis of newborns and infants. Adverse reactions to food additives remain an area...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(05)80007-x
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parasitic helminths continue to be a major cause of morbidity in human populations, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. The need for effective vaccines that minimize worm burdens, thus reducing associated pathology, is evident. With this goal in mind, an intense research effort is in progress to characterize i...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(93)90035-q
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vaccines have been developed and deployed against several important bacterial pathogens of humans, including Neisseria meningitidis, Bordetella pertussis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These vaccines are generally considered a successful public health measure and are effective at controlling...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2015.04.002
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past year has seen the publication of significant new findings on the regulation of CD23 expression, the precise interaction of CD23 with CD21 and its functional consequences. Moreover, new advances have been made in unravelling the biochemical network of events downstream from the triggering of CD23 in human B ce...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(95)80110-3
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Notch family of evolutionarily conserved proteins regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate decisions and differentiation processes during fetal and post-natal development. The best characterized role of Notch signaling during mammalian hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis is the essential function of the Notch1 receptor...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coi.2004.01.002
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transplantation of organs between individuals of disparate species is being considered as a potential solution to a serious shortage of donor organs for clinical transplantation. We summarize recent papers concerning the immunologic barrier to xenotransplantation, the pathogenesis of hyperacute rejection and repor...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(91)90105-a
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression variation is critical for the normal development and physiology of immune cells. Using cDNA microarrays, a systematic, genomic-scale view of gene expression in immune cells at many stages of differentiation and activation can be obtained. From the high vantagepoint provided by this technology, the gene...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(99)00078-3
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma, one of the most common chronic diseases, is a complex and heterogeneous disorder. The results of genome screens for asthma-related traits in 11 different populations identified at least 18 regions of the genome that probably house asthma/atopy genes. The most consistently replicated regions are on chromosomes ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00393-x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been associated with benign and malignant epithelial proliferations in either skin or mucosa. Two HPV oncogenic proteins, E6 and E7, are important in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation and are co-expressed in the majority of HPV-containing carcinomas. Therefore,...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(94)90079-5
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Distinctions between tumor necrosis factor, TNF-alpha, and lymphotoxin, TNF-beta, have previously been based on the differences between their protein sequences, biological activity, and molecular regulation. In the past year, elucidation of the molecular nature of the two molecules and the interactions with common rec...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(92)90084-r
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide-MHC interactions govern the fate of T cells in the thymus and the peripheral T cell repertoire. Recent progress has involved investigating how different peptides influence T cell selection and mature T cell function and the subsequent implications for tolerance and autoimmunity. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0952-7915(96)80009-4
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Graft versus host disease (GVHD) remains the major obstacle to the application of bone marrow transplantation across HLA barriers. Recent advances in our understanding of GVHD pathophysiology have resulted in the evaluation in animal models and in clinical trials of some novel approaches to avoiding and treating GVHD....
journal_title：Current opinion in immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0952-7915(93)90136-g
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
