Abstract：
:There are two distinct pathways by which T cells may recognize MHC alloantigens. The direct pathway involves T-cell recognition of intact MHC molecules expressed by donor antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The second, or indirect, pathway describes T-cell recognition of peptides derived from the processing and presentation of allogeneic MHC molecules on self APCs. Recent data demonstrates that indirect recognition plays a central role in both acute and chronic rejection of human organ allografts. Our studies have shown that, at the onset of primary acute rejection, recipient T-cell responses to donor HLA-DR alloantigens are limited to a single dominant determinant present on one of the disparate alloantigens and restricted by one of the responder's HLA-DR molecules. In allograft recipients with recurring episodes of rejection, and/or at the onset of chronic rejection, recipient T-cell reactivity may spread to other epitopes within the allogeneic MHC molecule as well as to other alloantigens expressed by graft tissue. Both quantitative and qualitative alterations in T-cell allopeptide reactivity are associated with increased risk of cellular and/or humoral rejection. These studies provide a basis for the design of new therapeutic strategies and for immunologic monitoring of transplant recipients.
journal_name
Immunol Revjournal_title
Immunological reviewsauthors
Suciu-Foca N,Harris PE,Cortesini Rdoi
10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01224.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-08-01 00:00:00pages
241-6eissn
0105-2896issn
1600-065Xjournal_volume
164pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Nuclear-factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factors are activated by a wide variety of stimuli in diverse cell types and control key aspects of immune function and development. Receptor-mediated activation of NF-κB appears to occur through two distinct signaling pathways termed as the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pat...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01059.x
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer immunotherapy utilizing T-cell checkpoint inhibitors has shown tremendous clinical success. Yet, this mode of treatment is effective in only a subset of patients. Unresponsive patients tend to have non-T-cell-inflamed tumors that lack markers associated with the activation of adaptive anti-tumor immune response...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12522
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2006.00481.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of the regulation of gene expression historically focused on transcription. However, during stress and apoptosis, profound gene expression changes occur more rapidly and globally than is possible by regulating transcription. Posttranscriptional changes in mRNA processing and translation in response to diverse ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12052
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schistosomiasis is a serious global helminthic disease, in which the main immunopathology consists of a granulomatous and fibrosing reaction against tissue-trapped parasite eggs. The severity of this inflammatory process, the product of a CD4(+) T-cell-mediated immune response against parasite egg antigens, is, howeve...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00197.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00361.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12315
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1810103.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enhanced amino acid catabolism is a common response to inflammation, but the immunologic significance of altered amino acid consumption remains unclear. The finding that tryptophan catabolism helped maintain fetal tolerance during pregnancy provided novel insights into the significance of amino acid metabolism in cont...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01149.x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2010.00906.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2003.00067.x
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complement is a humoral factor of innate immunity and plays important roles in immune surveillance and clearance of invading pathogens. Mammalian complement consists of the classical (antibody-dependent), the alternative (antibody-independent) and the lectin (triggered by mannose-binding lectin) pathways of activation...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01250.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leishmania major infections induce the development of a CD4(+) T-helper 1 (Th1) response that not only controls the primary infection but also results in life-long immunity to reinfection. How that immunity is maintained is unknown, although because of the existence of infection-induced immunity, there has been an ass...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.00198.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The substantial importance of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) in leukocyte trafficking has continued to emerge beyond its initial identification as a selectin ligand. PSGL-1 seemed to be a relatively simple molecule with an extracellular mucin domain extended as a flexible rod, teleologically consistent with...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00797.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigenic peptides presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules originate from the degradation of both self and non-self proteins. T cells can therefore recognize at the surface of surveyed cells, the self-peptidome produced by the cell itself (mostly inducing tolerance) or immunogenic ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12427
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12236
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In adult mice, the number of B lymphocytes remains constant under homeostatic control, in spite of the fact that B cells are produced continuously in numbers that largely exceed the number required to replenish the peripheral pools. It follows that each newly formed lymphocyte can only persist if another lymphocyte di...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2004.0095.x
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review emphasizes some of the differences between the fate of allogeneic H2-incompatible T-cells, when injected into immunodeficient, T-depleted mice, or as parental cells injected into F1 hybrids. In both conditions, allogeneic cells are eliminated, a rejection which cannot be predicted from the fate of a skin g...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1983.tb01079.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：SUMMARY:Integrins are adhesion receptors important for hematopoiesis, leukocyte trafficking, and formation of immunological synapses; hence, they may provide targets for therapeutic intervention in leukocyte-driven pathologies. Blocking integrin-ligand binding is one strategy for inhibiting integrins; however, a comple...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00640.x
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgG dimers occurring in therapeutic Ig preparations have been characterized as Id-anti-Id, in that the sites of interaction are localized to the distal tips of the Fab arms. The observation that such dimers are prevalent in Ig or Igi.v. prepared from large plasma pools, but absent in preparations from a single individ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1994.tb00861.x
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages play essential roles in tissue homeostasis, pathogen elimination, and tissue repair. A defining characteristic of these cells is their ability to efficiently adapt to a variety of abruptly changing and complex environments. This ability is intrinsically linked to a capacity to quickly alter their transcrip...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/imr.12213
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systems biology is the comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the interactions between all of the components of biological systems over time. Systems biology involves an iterative cycle, in which emerging biological problems drive the development of new technologies and computational tools. These technologies and ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00721.x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past 20 years, major progress has been made in our understanding of natural killer (NK) cells. It has become clear that NK cells are regulated by a number of receptors with opposite functions that finely tune potent effector functions such as cytolytic activity and release of cytokines that play a major role ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00651.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review a novel strategy for tolerance induction developed in rhesus macaques and termed STEALTH. We summarize the evolution of the STEALTH model, the results of successful trials in inducing long-term, stable transplant tolerance in rhesus kidney and diabetic islet recipients and discuss information related to the ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,收录出版,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.1830118.x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophils play a prominent pro-inflammatory role in allergic inflammation. Studies utilizing flow chambers, intravital video-microscopy, and cytokine and adhesion molecule-deficient mice have provided important insight into the mechanisms of eosinophil trafficking in inflamed blood vessels and into tissues in vivo. ...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1034/j.1600-065x.2001.790116.x
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic efficacy of depleting B cells or blocking T-cell costimulation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has confirmed the critical pathogenic role of adaptive immune responses. Yet, RA preferentially affects elderly individuals, in whom adaptive immunity to exogenous antigens begins to fail. Here, we propose that sene...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00245.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viral infections may induce and sustain autoimmune processes via several and overlapping mechanisms. We outline how chronic inflammation, sustained by persisting viruses, may be "the prerequisite" for initiation and maintenance of the multistep process leading to autoimmunity. Chronic inflammation may favour priming o...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01204.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In swine, the major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) or swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) is located on chromosome 7 and divided by the centromere. Thus, the telomeric class I and more centromeric class III regions are located on the p arm and the class II region is located on the q arm. The SLA region spans about 2 Mb, i...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01391.x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Germinal centers (GCs) are specialized microenvironments formed after infection where activated B cells can mutate their B-cell receptors to undergo affinity maturation. A stringent process of selection allows high affinity, non-self-reactive B cells to become long-lived memory B cells and plasma cells. While the prec...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00937.x
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ozone (O(3)) and endotoxin are common environmental contaminants that cause asthma exacerbation. These pollutants have similar phenotype response characteristics, including induction of neutrophilic inflammation, changes in airway macrophage immunophenotypes, and ability to enhance response to inhaled allergen. Evoked...
journal_title：Immunological reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01035.x
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
