NK cells: tuned by peptide?

abstract：:Cells that escape negative selection in the thymus must be inactivated or eliminated in the periphery through a series of mechanisms that include the induction of anergy, dominant suppression by regulatory T cells, and peripheral deletion of self-reactive T cells. Calcium signaling plays a central role in the inductio...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Baine I,Abe BT,Macian F

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structures of two intact monoclonal antibodies were solved by X-ray diffraction analysis revealing, in both cases, the dispositions of all segments, as well as the structures of the hinge polypeptides. An IgG1, whose antigen is the drug phenobarbital, assumed a completely different conformation when compared with an I...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Harris LJ,Larson SB,Skaletsky E,McPherson A

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NF-κB proteins were identified in the search for mechanisms that regulate B-lymphocyte-specific transcription of immunoglobulin κ light chain genes. Twenty-five years later, though the function of the κB site in the enhancer remains enigmatic, NF-κB proteins have been shown to have important roles in B-cell developmen...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Kaileh M,Sen R

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：SUMMARY:B7-H3 and B7-H4 belong to a new class of immune regulatory molecules, which primarily execute their functions in peripheral tissues to fine tune immune responses in target organs. In normal circumstances, while the mRNA for both molecules is broadly distributed, tight control at the post-transcriptional level i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Yi KH,Chen L

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS), including nitric oxide, are produced in cells by a variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. At high levels, both types of oxidants are used to kill ingested organisms within phagocytes. At low levels, RNOS may diffuse outside cells whe...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Swindle EJ,Metcalfe DD

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we discuss the possibilities for combining the power of molecular analysis of the antigens expressed in a given individual tumor with the design of a tailored vaccine containing defined antigens. Step 1 is a differential gene expression analysis of tumor and corresponding normal tissue. Step 2 is the a...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Rammensee HG,Weinschenk T,Gouttefangeas C,Stevanović S

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are a diverse subset of innate immune cells that are key regulators of the host response to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. HIV-1 directly and indirectly modulates DC function to hinder the formation of effective antiviral immunity and fuel immune activation. This review focuses...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Miller E,Bhardwaj N

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Directed cellular migrations underlie immune system organization. Chemokines and their receptors (along with surface-adhesion molecules) are central to these migrations, targeting developing and mature leukocytes to tissues and microenvironments suitable for their differentiation and function. The chemokine CXCL12 and...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Campbell DJ,Kim CH,Butcher EC

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer cells employ a diverse arsenal of effector mechanisms to target intracellular pathogens. Differentiation of natural killer (NK) cell activation pathways occurs along a continuum from reliance on innate pro-inflammatory cytokines and stress-induced host ligands through to interaction with signals derived...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Goodier MR,Wolf AS,Riley EM

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome (DIDS) is a progressive combined immunodeficiency that can be distinguished from other combined immunodeficiencies or hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndromes in featuring (a) profound susceptibility to virus infections of the skin, with associated skin cancers, and (b) severe food allergies...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Su HC,Jing H,Angelus P,Freeman AF

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adoptive transfer of TCR-transgenic T cells uniformly expressing an identifiable TCR of known peptide/MHC specificity can be used to monitor the in vivo behavior of antigen-specific T cells. We have used this system to show that naive T cells are initially activated within the T-cell zones of secondary lymphoid tissue...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Pape KA,Kearney ER,Khoruts A,Mondino A,Merica R,Chen ZM,Ingulli E,White J,Johnson JG,Jenkins MK

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) are chimeric proteins designed to treat cancer. They are made up of an Fv or Fab that targets an antigen on a cancer cell fused to a 38-kDa portion of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38). Because PE38 is a bacterial protein, it is highly immunogenic in patients with solid tumors that have nor...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Mazor R,Onda M,Pastan I

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, the paradigm of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) as rare recessive familial diseases that lead to broad, severe, and early-onset immunological defects has shifted toward collectively more common, but sporadic autosomal dominantly inherited isolated defects in the immune response. Patients with PID...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： van der Made CI,Hoischen A,Netea MG,van de Veerdonk FL

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse retrovirus-induced lymphoma/leukemia and immunodeficiency are useful models for analogous human diseases. Both ecotropic (mouse tropic) and recombinant retroviruses, including the polytropic mink cytopathic focus-inducing type, have been studied for disease pathogenesis and as targets for humoral and cellular im...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Green WR

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highlights in a 4-decade exploration of lymphocyte differentiation begin with comparative studies in birds and mammals leading to recognition of the separate T- and B-cell differentiation pathways and their cooperative interaction. The global effects of aborting IgM B-cell development with anti-mu antibodies indicated...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Cooper MD

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bach2 is a basic region-leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factor that forms heterodimers with small Maf oncoproteins and binds to target genes, thus repressing their expression. Bach2 is required for class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) of immunoglobulin genes in activated B cells. Bach2 ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Igarashi K,Ochiai K,Itoh-Nakadai A,Muto A

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The individual role of pathogen-binding Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antibody-binding Fc receptors (FcRs) during pathogenic infections has been studied extensively. However, combined activation of these different receptor classes has received little attention, even though they are triggered simultaneously when immun...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： van Egmond M,Vidarsson G,Bakema JE

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activities of the immune system in repairing tissue injury and combating pathogens were long thought to be independent of the nervous system. However, a major regulatory role of immunomodulatory molecules released locally or systemically by the neuroendocrine system has recently emerged. A number of observations a...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Quatrini L,Vivier E,Ugolini S

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. Noncanonical K63-linked polyubiquitination plays a key regulatory role in NF-κB signaling pathways by functioning as a scaffold to recruit kinase complexes containing ubiquitin-binding domains. Ubiquitination is balanced by ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Harhaj EW,Dixit VM

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ozone (O(3)) and endotoxin are common environmental contaminants that cause asthma exacerbation. These pollutants have similar phenotype response characteristics, including induction of neutrophilic inflammation, changes in airway macrophage immunophenotypes, and ability to enhance response to inhaled allergen. Evoked...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Peden DB

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the century since Paul Portier and Charles Richet described their landmark findings of severe fatal reactions in dogs re-exposed to venom after vaccination with sea anemone venom, treatment for anaphylaxis continues to evolve. The incidence of anaphylaxis continues to be difficult to measure. Underreporting due to ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Boden SR,Wesley Burks A

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of immunological tolerance is considered from the perspective of contextual discrimination, rather than self-nonself discrimination. According to the adaptive lymphocyte hypothesis, the scale of immune aggression versus tolerance can be regulated at the cell population level, but individual cells also t...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Grossman Z

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of L3T4 and Lyt-2 cell surface molecules separates T cells into two broad, non-overlapping subsets: typical T helper cells are L3T4+ Lyt-2- whereas most T killer cells and their precursors are L3T4- Lyt-2+. This review compares highly purified populations of unprimed L3T4+ and Lyt-2+ cells for their cap...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Sprent J,Schaefer M,Lo D,Korngold R

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inoculation of plasmid DNA is a simple way to immunize, but it is characterized by low immunogenicity, which has hampered the development of effective DNA vaccines for human use. Here, we discuss how poor immunogenicity can be solved and present our proposal: genetically programmed B lymphocytes as antigen-presenting ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Zanetti M,Castiglioni P,Rizzi M,Wheeler M,Gerloni M

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the PD-1: PD-ligand (PD-L) pathway are both critical to terminating immune responses. Elimination of either can result in the breakdown of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity. The PD-1: PD-L pathway can thwart self-reactive T cells and protect against autoimmunity in many ways....

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Francisco LM,Sage PT,Sharpe AH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As an essential mechanism for self-tolerance, immune suppression has attracted much attention since the discovery of suppressor T cells, now called regulatory T cells (Tregs), in the 1990s. Different types of Tregs have been described based on distinct expression patterns of surface markers and cytokines. Cytokines ar...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Wan YY,Flavell RA

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that control the maturation and production of interleukin-1 family members and play crucial roles in host defense against pathogens. However, dysregulated activation of inflammasomes is associated with intense inflammation, leading to the development of inflammatory diseases. T...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Takahama M,Akira S,Saitoh T

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of immune cells to mediate an immune response is often triggered by potential 'danger' or 'stress' stimuli that the organism receives. Within the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family, the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) group was defined as group of kinases that activated by stimuli that ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Rincón M,Davis RJ

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The H-2 restricted nature of the cytotoxic T cell responses to the HY antigen in mice has been reviewed, together with mapping data for the H-2 K and/or D association of responses to male cells of the following haplotypes: H-2b, H-2d, H-2k, H-2s. Ir gene complementation is implicated in the HY response of a number of ...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Simpson E,Gordon RD

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interest in DNA immunization of animals continues, despite the fact that immune responses induced by DNA vaccines are generally lower than those elicited by conventional vaccines. In attempts to enhance the immune response to DNA vaccines, individuals have tried a variety of immune modulators, cytokines, and costimula...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S,Babiuk SL,Babiuk LA

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00