Abstract:
:The importance of evaluating medical student performance has been widely addressed in the medical education literature. Multiple-choice examinations are the preferred method of testing because they are easy to administer and score. Development of parallel or equivalent pre- and post-examinations provides objective information regarding actual knowledge gains by the students during the elective and points to strengths and weaknesses in the elective. This article provides information for developing the parallel multiple-choice questions for effective pre- and post-tests.
journal_name
Invest Radioljournal_title
Investigative radiologyauthors
Blane CE,Calhoun JG,Vydareny KHsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-09-01 00:00:00pages
743-5issue
9eissn
0020-9996issn
1536-0210journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A prospective, randomized study of the potential protective effects of corticosteroids administered as pretreatment against contrast material (CM) reactions is reported. Patients (n = 6,763) from multiple institutions received either a single dose of steroids (32 mg of oral methylprednisolone, approximately 2 hours be...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004424-198809001-00035
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We sought to prospectively evaluate the image quality and visualization of the intracranial arteries using high spatial resolution contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) at 3 T and to perform intraindividual comparison with time-of-flight (TOF) MRA and multislice CT angiography (CTA). MATERI...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.rli.0000242835.00032.f5
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to compare a compressed-sensing free-breathing VIBE (fbVIBE) with a conventional breath-hold VIBE (bhVIBE) for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging of the upper abdomen. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In total, 70 datasets (bhVIBE, n = 30; fbVIBE n = 40; hard-gated [hg] reconstruction, n = 30;...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000607
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Szapiro D, Ghaye B, Willems V, et al. Evaluation of CT time-density curves of lower-limb veins. Invest Radiol 2001;36:164-169. RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:To evaluate time-density curves of the lower-limb veins for optimization of CT venography. METHODS:Fifty patients referred for chest CT were randomized int...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004424-200103000-00005
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance (MR) methods have been used to study the metabolic and vascular response of model tumors to tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Magnetic resonance measurements demonstrated acute reductions in tumor blood flow, measured from tumor uptake of D2O, and in tumor adenosine triphosphate (ATP), measured by 31P ma...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198912000-00022
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compounds containing mobile protons can act as contrast agents by increasing the value of the term (1/12 - 1/11). The efficiency of this method is markedly pH- and field-dependent. There are many such compounds allowing a choice to be made based on the characteristics of the tissue or organ, magnetic field strength, a...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198809001-00058
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether it is possible to investigate degenerative changes in human tissue on a sub-100-microm resolution scale not only on special high-field small-bore MR-microscopy systems but also on a 3T whole-body MR-scanner. METHODS:Spin-spin relaxation, proton density, and diffusion mi...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.RLI.0000068620.17569.83
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retropsoas recess, a previously undescribed normal anatomic variant, is reported. In most individuals, the space posterior to the belly of the psoas muscle contains fat within the posterior pararenal space. However, a retrospective review of 250 consecutive CT examinations of the abdomen revealed 11 cases (4.4%) i...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198707000-00004
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that areas of myocardial infarctions can be delineated on CT scans after intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material to dogs with experimental myocardial infarctions. Within the first minute after intravenous administration of contrast material (initial myocardial ...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198011001-00039
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The absorbed levels of ethanol or tetracycline, used as gallbladder sclerosing agents, were measured in the systemic blood circulation of 16 rabbits. The maximal systemic level of ethanol was 46 mg/dl and of tetracycline was 4.6 micrograms/ml after 30 minutes of gallbladder exposure. Comparable serum levels would be c...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198605000-00005
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gadolinium was attached to antibodies and tested in vitro and in vivo for its effect on proton relaxation enhancement. Using the cyclic anhydride method, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) was attached to albumin, IgG and anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. Gadolinium (Gd) was then chelated to the protein complexes f...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198510000-00008
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new nonionic contrast medium (CM), ioxilan, was compared with iohexol and iopamidol. Following incubation of whole heparinized blood with CM, the morphology and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes were studied, the former by transmission electron microscopy. Effects on platelets and hemocoagulation were determined by ...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198809001-00032
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate three-echo T2*-corrected Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for noninvasively estimating hepatic fat content (HFC) compared with biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:One hundred patients (50 men, 50 women; mean age, 57.7±14.2 years) underwent clinically indicated liver core biopsy (102 valid tiss...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0b013e31822b124c
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this pilot study was to assess post-treatment apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma lesions on respiratory-gated whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), with integrated (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0b013e3182087b03
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow measurements can be made with computed tomography (CT) scanners using iodinated, nonionic contrast media as a first-pass indicator. Ultrafast CT (UFCT) is an ideal machine to make these measurements because of its short scan time (50 mseconds) and interscan delay (< or = 0.6 seconds). Additionally, UFCT can acqui...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004424-199212002-00004
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aims of this study were to investigate and validate quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for lesional iron quantification in cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed in phantoms and 16 patients on a 3-T scanner. Susceptibility ...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000043
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:To develop a new automated calibration method for vessel measurements in vascular x-ray images. METHODS:Radiopaque marker bands mounted equidistantly on a small catheter were acquired in vitro at five image intensifier (II) sizes in x-ray projection images. The positions of the marker centers ...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-200004000-00002
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A technique to measure absolute arterial blood flow in ml/min has been developed utilizing software programs with high-speed digital recording for the off-line analysis of intra-arterial injections of contrast medium. Measurements of pulsatile flow in a phantom for a physical flow model showed that calculations with t...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198503000-00017
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind randomized study of ten patients compared Hexabrix 32% to Renografin-60 in TMJ arthrography. Equivalent volumes of contrast material were injected under fluoroscopic observation, with film quality and patient subjective response graded independently by three radiologists. In immediate arthrogram quality...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-198411001-00032
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate image quality and interstudy reproducibility of aortic atherosclerosis imaging at 1.5 T, and to explore the impact of parallel imaging techniques at 3 T. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Thirty-two subjects (20 normal, 12 patients w...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0b013e318181538a
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) using biliary-secreted gadoxetic acid at 7 T and to compare it with T2-weighted (w) MRC at 3 T. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Ten healthy volunteers were examined on a 7-T whole-body magnetic resonance system. T2...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000004
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA), an invasive procedure, is the current reference examination after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for the detection of in-stent restenosis (ISR). In this phantom study, we evaluated flat-panel angiographic computed tomography after i...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0b013e318276db43
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of three iodinated contrast media (CM) on human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity was studied during the intravenous pyelography (i.v.P). BuChE is an enzyme that participates in the metabolism of acetylcholine and hydrolyzes food esters and drugs such as nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and loca...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-199805000-00008
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attenuation correction (AC) is an essential step in the positron emission tomography (PET) data reconstruction process to provide accurate and quantitative PET images. The introduction of PET/magnetic resonance (MR) hybrid systems has raised new challenges but also possibilities regarding PET AC. While in PET/computed...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000289
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polylysine covalently linked to moieties of gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA), for use as a macromolecular blood pool marker for contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was characterized by means of physicochemical measurements and pharmacokinetics in rats and rabbits and compared with Gd-DTPA. Gd-DTPA-poly...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-199111000-00008
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eye position recordings made while radiologists searched chest images for lung nodules showed that regions falsely reported positive or suspicious received prolonged visual attention. Correlation of regional fixation dwell time with independent ratings of image features indicated that more than 90% of false-positive d...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The feasibility of control of traumatic hepatic hemorrhage by angiographic transcatheter embolization was investigated. Bleeding sites were created in the livers of each of twelve dogs, and the hepatic artery was occluded with Gelfoam. Successful control of bleeding was demonstrated by postembolization angiography in ...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-197801000-00014
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to determine if voxel-based histogram analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) parameters can differentiate various subtypes of renal tumors, including benign and malignant lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:A total of 44 patients with renal tumors who underwent surgery a...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/RLI.0000000000000111
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The residency program at the University of Pennsylvania offers a 1-month fellowship for senior residents in medical student education. Instructional philosophy, methods, and content are discussed, observed, practiced, and evaluated. Close supervision and immediate feedback provide training particularly needed by futur...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-199006000-00028
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:The authors used gadolinium (Gd) chelate as a T1, T2, and T2* enhancing agent in reperfused myocardial infarction to compare the appearance of reperfused myocardial infarction on spin echo and gradient echo magnetic resonance (MR) sequences. METHODS:Rats (n = 28) were subjected to reperfused m...
journal_title:Investigative radiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004424-199807000-00002
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00