Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:Extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1kg) adolescents are at risk for special health care needs (SHCN) and poor math achievement compared to normal birth weight (NBW) peers. SHCN are associated with poor academic achievement among NBW children. We hypothesize that SHCN explain the effect of ELBW on math achievement. METHODS:We compared age 14 Woodcock-Johnson Calculation standard scores between 181 ELBW infants and 115 NBW controls. Persistent SHCN included: 1) prescription medication or equipment use, 2) subspecialty or therapeutic service use, or 3) hospitalization. We used nonlinear marginal effects models to decompose the total effect of ELBW on math into the following 4 components: the effect of ELBW controlling for SHCN, the effect of SHCN controlling for ELBW, effect modification by SHCN, and mediated interaction where SHCN is both causal mediator and effect modifier. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS:ELBW adolescents had lower mean math scores than NBW peers (81.3 vs. 96.4). SHCN were more common among ELBW adolescents (54.1% vs. 27%). The total effect of ELBW on math scores was -15.7 points (95% CI -21.0, -10.5). The effect of birth weight alone was -7.6 points (95% CI -13.7, -1.4); the effect of SHCN alone was negligible. SHCN interaction and mediated interaction effects each accounted for 25% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS:Birth weight alone explains only half of the effect of ELBW on math achievement. We found evidence of effect modification and mediation by SHCN. Understanding these explanatory pathways may lead to targeted interventions for improved outcomes.
journal_name
Early Hum Devjournal_title
Early human developmentauthors
Litt JS,Minich N,Taylor HG,Hack Mdoi
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.09.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
82-87eissn
0378-3782issn
1872-6232pii
S0378-3782(17)30269-4journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Long-lasting respiratory symptoms have a huge impact on the quality of life in prematurely born children. AIMS:We aimed to investigate the perinatal and maternal risk factors involved in the development of chronic respiratory morbidity in preterm infants, with an emphasis on the importance of Foetal Inflamm...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.07.002
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilirubin-albumin binding was quantitated (peroxidase method) before, during, and after phototherapy in 21 jaundiced infants. Binding was analyzed at two different serum dilutions (1:1.8 and 1:57) to determine whether binding competitors are present during phototherapy. No significant changes in binding were found at ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(82)90099-8
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The benefit of anti-reflux surgery for gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in early infancy is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the value of Nissen fundoplication in a group of infants with severe GOR. METHODS:10 infants underwent Nissen fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux following a failure of...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.09.002
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 10,000 preterm babies worldwide have been enrolled in trials evaluating probiotics administration for the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis, with very few adverse events reported. Despite this, probiotic safety is frequently cited as a concern when using this intervention. This review addresses why a p...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.05.016
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Bright constant light levels in the NICU may have negative effects on the growth and development of preterm infants OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of an alternating light/dark cycle in the NICU on weight gain and early discharge from the therapy in premature infants. PATIENTS A...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.04.015
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Human milk contains a range of host defence proteins that appear to contribute to health and wellbeing, but their variability in abundance among individuals has not been very well characterised. Milk from mothers of premature infants has altered composition, but the effect of gestation length on the host-def...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.11.006
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) was measured using Doppler ultrasound on the first day of life in a consecutively admitted cohort of 52 very low birthweight infants. Recordings were made for a period of 1 min. The coefficient of variation for the area under the curve of 20 successive cardiac cycles was calculated,...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(96)01769-0
更新日期：1997-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The brain glycoconjugates, glycosidases and lipids have been studied in a case of human congenital athyroidism never treated with hormonal replacement. Increase of membrane-bound mucopolysaccharides has been found in the grey matter. Total lipids in the white matter, and phospholipids, and total glycolipids and choles...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(83)90009-9
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine whether early mortality (first year of life) risks among small for gestational age (SGA) neonates were similar regardless of SGA subtype based on three chronological classifications (term, preterm and post-term). STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study on all singleton live births in the United...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.05.008
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast- and formula-fed infants were compared with regard to behavior patterns, especially crying behavior. A diary concerning seven behaviors was completed by 188 mothers of breast- and formula-fed infants at the well baby clinic. Breast-fed infants were fed more frequently with longer feeding duration. They slept mo...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(00)00071-2
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight is known to program offspring for adverse health outcomes later in life. AIMS:To investigate how growth patterns of weight, height and BMI from birth to 7years differ according to maternal pre-pregnancy weight (normal weight, overweight and obesity), with specific attention...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.06.002
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the use of automated microscopy to detect fetal erythroblasts in maternal blood. The technology is based on the following approach: (1) the use of centrifugal cytology for the preparation of monolayers; (2) simultaneous staining of fetal hemoglobin (immunoalkaline phosphatase) and chromosome seque...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(96)01829-4
更新日期：1996-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The aim of the current study was to developed and test the reliability of a technique for measuring temporal parameters of sucking in breastfeeding infants. METHODS:The technique was developed using a cohort of 11 term and 12 preterm infants, and subsequently evaluated using a cohort of 43 preterm infants. Measur...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.04.008
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic Resonance Imaging is becoming more widely available and increasingly important for imaging the neonatal brain. In newborn infants it poses challenges regarding patient preparation, safety, optimal timing, and sequence optimization. These issues are addressed in this paper and indications for performing neonat...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.11.009
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of type-I diabetes on the quality of general movements (GMs) was studied longitudinally in 12 human fetuses. GMs were analysed at two-weekly intervals from 16 weeks until delivery. A pregnancy optimality-score and a diabetes optimality-score were used to cover the course of the pregnancy and delivery and th...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(97)00089-3
更新日期：1997-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in birth size but very few studies have collated changes in neonatal anthropometry. Our aims were both to assess body composition differences by anthropometry between new-borns from smoking mothers and those from non-smoking mothers, and to show...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.07.015
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulse oximetry screening is a highly specific, moderately sensitive test for detecting critical congenital heart defects (CCHDs) that meets the criteria for universal screening. The possibility of using pulse oximetry as a screening test was first investigated over 10 years ago and since then data from more than 370,0...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0378-3782(14)50006-0
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fluconazole prophylaxis has demonstrated efficacy in single and multicenter randomized controlled trials without side effects or emergence of resistance. Additional evidence based on incidence of invasive Candida infections, multicenter data, resistance, and safety is desired. METHODS:We conducted a case-co...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/S0378-3782(14)70026-X
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:the effect of selective head cooling on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolism rate (CMR) was investigated in newborn piglets. METHODS:seven days old newborn piglets were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: Selective head cooling in normal piglets (n=4), selective head cooling after ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.11.007
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children born preterm are at risk for later developmental disorders. The present study examined the predictive effects of neonatal, sociodemographic, and temperament characteristics on behavioral outcomes at toddlerhood, in children born preterm. The sample included 100 toddlers born preterm and with very-low-birth-we...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.09.015
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:COVID-19 remains pandemic. Social distancing and travel restrictions have avoided countless deaths and infections but disrupted livelihoods and economies. The global loss of gross (world) product is unprecedented as COVID-19 has inflicted both a supply-side and a demand-side shock. While public health measures have mi...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105209
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown for the first time that the microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme protein is present in human embryonic and fetal red blood cells and the ontogeny of its expression has been determined. In the earliest embryos, red cells are predominantly of the primitive megaloblastic type. Circulating red cells in th...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(95)01626-e
更新日期：1995-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-four term infants with disproportionate intrauterine growth retardation (SGA group) and 24 normally grown term infants matched for age, sex, birth rank and social class were followed from birth until 7 years of age. Both groups were free from perinatal complications and chronic diseases. The children in the SGA...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(88)90038-2
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfer...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105242
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospitalized infants requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) represent a high-risk group. Recent data on risk factors for mortality following CPR in this population are lacking. AIMS:We hypothesized that infant demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and levels of cardiopulmonary support at the time o...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.03.015
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reported energy content of infant formulas will vary, depending upon the method used to calculate or measure the caloric value. Manufacturers' specifications regarding the energy content of milk formulas reflects the 'metabolizable' energy. i.e., the amount of energy which is digested and absorbed by the infant. H...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(82)90124-4
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this study were (1) to detect vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in fetal blood obtained by cordocentesis (2) to examine possible changes in growth retarded fetuses and to establish relationships between its levels and fetal blood acid-base status as well as fetal haemodynamics as assessed by Doppler ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(94)01610-2
更新日期：1995-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The calculation of descriptive statistics includes the calculation of standard error and confidence interval, an inevitable component of data analysis in inferential statistics. This paper provides pointers as to how to do this in Microsoft Excel™. ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.01.013
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) is a comparatively new method for monitoring the oxygenation in blood and tissue in the brain of the fetus and the neonate. Absorption of light in the wavelength range 700-1000 nm through such tissue is measured, which is then used to calculate changes in the concentration of cerebra...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90163-b
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis, acute management and follow-up of neonates with haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) still represents a significant area of activity for maternity/neonatal services. ABO incompatability is now the single largest cause of HDN in the western world. However, with increasing knowledge at the molecular le...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.06.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
