Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Preterm children are at risk for executive function (EF) problems, which have been linked to behavior and learning problems in full term children. In this study, we examine the relationship between EF and functional outcomes in preterm children. AIM:To evaluate (1) EF skills of 9- to 16-year-old children born across the spectrum of gestational age (GA), (2) relationship of degree of prematurity to EF skills, and (3) contributions of EF skills to two functional outcomes - reading scores and parent-rated child function. METHOD:Preterm children <36 weeks gestation (n=72) were compared to full term children (n=42) of similar age, gender and SES, on measures of EF, reading, and parent-ratings of child function. Multiple regression models evaluated contributions to EF skills and functional outcomes. RESULTS:Compared to full term controls, preterm children had poorer EF performance on a complex planning and organization task and did not increase planning time as task difficulty increased. Their spatial memory capacity was not different. GA contributed to EF skills, but was mediated by IQ. EF contributed to the variance in reading skills but did not add to the variance in reading when IQ was considered. EF skills significantly contributed to the variance in parent-rated child function, but IQ did not. CONCLUSION:EF skills contribute to measures of functional outcome in this high-risk population. The use of EF skills as an early marker for learning and functional problems and as a target for intervention in children born preterm warrants future study.
journal_name
Early Hum Devjournal_title
Early human developmentauthors
Loe IM,Lee ES,Luna B,Feldman HMdoi
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.07.018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
111-8issue
2eissn
0378-3782issn
1872-6232pii
S0378-3782(11)00241-6journal_volume
88pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：:Low nephron endowment secondary to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining glomeruli, which in turn is associated with hypertension. However, gender differences exist in the response of the kidney to injury, and IUGR female offspring seems protected from an unfavorab...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.12.015
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It remains unclear whether performing amniocentesis to detect intra-amniotic infection is useful for improving neonatal outcomes. AIMS:To determine the efficacy of amniocentesis on the neonatal outcomes in women exhibiting threatened preterm labor and intact membranes. STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective cohort stu...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.03.006
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been widely used to prevent the development of a variety of poor health conditions in premature infants including chronic lung disease, inflammation, circulatory failure, and shock. Although there are some reports of neurologic complications related to DEX exposure,...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2012.10.007
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with altered lung development in human and rat. The transcription factor PPARγ, is thought to contribute to lung development. PPARγ is activated by docosahexanoic acid (DHA). One contribution of PPARγ to lung development may be its direct regulation of chromatin mod...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.08.026
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the oral sensitivity and feeding skills of low-risk pre-term infants at 11-17 months corrected age. Twenty pre-term infants (PT) born between 32 and 37 weeks at birth without any medical comorbidities were assessed. All of this PT group received supplemental nasogastric (NG) tube feeds during their...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.10.001
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty appropriate (mean +/- S.D., gestational age (AGA): 29.9 +/- 1.5 weeks) and 15 small (GA: 34.6 +/- 2.4 weeks) for gestational age (SGA) very low birth weight infants fed banked mature human milk were studied until term for anthropometric parameters: midarm (MAC), chest (CC), head (HC) circumferences, triceps (TS...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(87)90051-x
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Infants whose mothers had low serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in the first trimester were observed to have intrauterine growth retardation. AIM:Suggesting that PAPP-A plays an important role in the availability and activity of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which affect growth, we ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.10.005
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The early progress of myelination was studied, by means of myelin basic protein (MBP) immunohistochemistry and luxol-fast-blue (LFB) staining, in the spinal cord, spinal nerve roots and brainstem of 66 fetuses and neonates. The degree of myelination was classified from 1 (slight) to 4 (mature). MBP immunoreactivity ex...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(94)01608-r
更新日期：1995-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:28 polygraphic recordings were made in normal infants: 20 in full-term newborns and 8 in 2- to 10-wk-old babies. In full-term newborns sighs and apneas (greater than 5 sec) were significantly more numerous in active (REM) sleep, while startles prevailed in quiet (NREM) sleep. The incidence of all these events diminish...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(78)90051-8
更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Many preterm children show difficulties in attention at (pre)school age. The development of attention capacities of preterm and term toddlers was compared using a longitudinal and multi-method approach at 12, 18 and 24months. METHOD:Attention was measured for 123 preterm (32-36weeks gestation) and 101 term b...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.015
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolution of ultrasound findings in 59 infants with transient periventricular densities is described and the neurodevelopmental outcome of 53 of these infants was compared with 92 of 107 infants with normal ultrasound scans, born during the same 24-month period. Four of the 53 infants with transient periventricula...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(88)90103-x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Newborn infants fulfil some criteria of being conscious i.e. being aware of the body, the self and the world. They are able to differentiate between self and nonself touch, express emotions and show signs of shared feelings. They process sensory impressions including pain at a cortical level. They remember rhythmic so...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.08.017
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nurses worldwide have striven to establish nursing as a profession, autonomous but complementary to the medical profession. Literature as far back as the Renaissance demonstrates an overall derogatory attitude toward the nurse's role. The modern notion of the nurse working side by side the medical practitioner continu...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105015
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forty-four prenatally depressed women were randomly assigned to peer support or interpersonal psychotherapy groups at 22 weeks gestation. The peer support group participated in a 20-minute group session once per week for 12 weeks, and the interpersonal psychotherapy group met for one hour per week for 12 weeks. Assess...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.04.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) is a comparatively new method for monitoring the oxygenation in blood and tissue in the brain of the fetus and the neonate. Absorption of light in the wavelength range 700-1000 nm through such tissue is measured, which is then used to calculate changes in the concentration of cerebra...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90163-b
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in birth size but very few studies have collated changes in neonatal anthropometry. Our aims were both to assess body composition differences by anthropometry between new-borns from smoking mothers and those from non-smoking mothers, and to show...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.07.015
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of an infant's intra-oral vacuum in milk removal from the breast has been established. However, the relationship between the vacuum curve and milk transfer is not well understood. AIMS:To investigate the parameters of the infant suck cycle in relation to the volume of milk removed from the br...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.02.003
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) occur frequently during the first months of life. Gastro-oesophageal reflux may be a primary gastro-intestinal motility disorder, but it may also be secondary to other conditions such as cow's milk protein allergy. Objective diagnosis can be ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.10.011
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Bright constant light levels in the NICU may have negative effects on the growth and development of preterm infants OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of an alternating light/dark cycle in the NICU on weight gain and early discharge from the therapy in premature infants. PATIENTS A...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.04.015
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Testosterone (T) is taken or prescribed to enhance appearance, increase athletic performance and libido and to treat hypogonadism. Digit ratio (2D:4D) is thought to be a negative correlate of prenatal T. Here we consider the relationship between 2D:4D and T supplementation. AIMS:Our sample was taken from th...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104843
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Little is known about sex differences in human fetal heart and behaviour. PATIENTS AND METHODS:One hundred twenty-three nulliparous healthy women carrying a male (n=56) or female (n=67) fetus participated in this study. All pregnancies remained uncomplicated and delivery was uneventful. Ultrasound observa...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(03)00047-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common in extremely premature infants and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Medical management of PDA uses either indomethacin or ibuprofen. Despite numerous studies, uncertainty exists as to which drug is safer or more effective; we sought to fill this know...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.003
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many controversial topics have still to be resolved regarding the nutritional requirements of the newborn, and in particular of the pre-term infant. The term 'controversy' bears the connotation of prolonged dispute and such a situation has arisen for various reasons: (a) from inadequate research methodologies; (b) fro...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(98)00060-7
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:1. To determine the survival and morbidity of infants at discharge with a birthweight of less than 1500 g in the geographically defined population of East Anglia. 2. To demonstrate a cost-effective method of regional data collection. 3. To determine whether there were any changes in the demand for neonatal care. ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.10.019
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing public awareness of the prone sleeping position, maternal smoking and overheating as potentially avoidable risk factors for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been accompanied by a dramatic reduction in mortality. The results of two population based studies of SIDS in Avon are compared; the first o...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(94)90208-9
更新日期：1994-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioural state observations were carried out on 12 fetuses which subsequently had birthweights below the 10th percentile. Their gestational ages at the time of study ranged from 32 to 40 weeks. Real-time ultrasound scanning was used to detect fetal body and eye movements, and the fetal heart rate was continuously r...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(85)90181-1
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants from pregnancies complicated by placenta previa. Forty preterm infants born to mothers with placenta previa between January 1989 and December 1995 in a medical center were enrolled. Each of these patients was matched in ges...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(00)00121-3
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improvements in perinatal and neonatal management have not only led to a higher survival rate of very low birth weight infants (VLBW; < or = 1,500 g or < 32 weeks gestational age), but also to a better outcome of these children. However the percentage of VLBW children who need special education because of later school...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(99)00056-0
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maturation of spontaneous fetal body and breathing movements of 24- to 33-week-old fetuses in 168 pregnancies threatening to deliver prematurely were examined on the basis of newborn outcome (premature compromised, premature healthy, term healthy). Maturation of fetuses in 60 low-risk pregnancies delivering as healthy...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(99)00007-9
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipids have physical, chemical, and physiological properties that make them important factors in human nutrition. They form a group of compounds of varied chemical nature that have the common property of being soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. This basic property affects their digestion, absorption, ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(01)00211-0
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
