The birth of consciousness.

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Children born very preterm (VPT) are at increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems later in life. We aimed to determine the prevalence and spectrum of behavioral abnormalities at five years of age in VPT children. METHODS:Multi-center cohort study on 339 early-school aged children born at a gesta...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Bartal T,Adams M,Natalucci G,Borradori-Tolsa C,Latal B,Swiss Neonatal Network and Follow-up Group.

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy and delivery are complex processes, and isolated obstetric complications rare and often accompanied or followed by a number of others. AIMS:To study the relationship between the overall obstetric situation (as opposed to single obstetric risk factors) and emotional and substance use disorders in y...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Batstra L,Hadders-Algra M,Ormel J,Neeleman J

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The osmotic fragility of red blood cells reflects their membrane ability to maintain structural integrity. The osmolality at which the cells lyse is related to their shape, deformability, surface area/volume ratio and intrinsic membrane properties. In cord blood, there may be differences between premature an...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Bautista ML,Altaf W,Lall R,Wapnir RA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal pregnancy with over-proliferation of the placenta, which causes the dysfunction of placenta. Although more than 80% of hydatidiform moles are benign with good outcome, hydatidiform moles are associated with developing very early onset preeclampsia. However the association bet...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Zhao M,Yin Y,Guo F,Wang J,Wang K,Chen Q

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the relation of perinatal factors to severe hypothyroxinemia of prematurity, defined as thyroxine value more than 2.6 standard deviations below the mean for newborns. The 365 survivors of birth before 32 weeks gestation were enrolled in a population-based study of the correlates of neonatal brain injury. I...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Reuss ML,Paneth N,Lorenz JM,Susser M

更新日期：1997-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with altered lung development in human and rat. The transcription factor PPARγ, is thought to contribute to lung development. PPARγ is activated by docosahexanoic acid (DHA). One contribution of PPARγ to lung development may be its direct regulation of chromatin mod...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Joss-Moore LA,Wang Y,Baack ML,Yao J,Norris AW,Yu X,Callaway CW,McKnight RA,Albertine KH,Lane RH

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new protocol for Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants, SOMP-I, designed to describe both progress and quality of motor performance, was evaluated concerning its ability to describe and to discriminate between the motor performance observed in different groups of infants. Sixty-eight infants born at...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Persson K,Strömberg B

更新日期：1995-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The essential fatty acid (EFA) composition of umbilical vessel walls is increasingly being studied as a longer-term reflection of the fetal EFA status. We evaluated the EFA content of umbilical artery and vein vessel walls in 43 preterm infants and compared it with that of 43 full-term cord vessels. In addition, relat...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Foreman-van Drongelen MM,al MD,van Houwelingen AC,Blanco CE,Hornstra G

更新日期：1995-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Nearly 10% of premature infants are born very preterm at 32weeks gestational age or less in the United States. Up to 35% of these very preterm survivors are at risk for cognitive and behavioral deficits. Yet accurate diagnosis of such deficits cannot be made until early childhood. Resting-state fMRI provides noninvasi...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： He L,Parikh NA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare paired antepartum fetal/maternal COHb ratios in whole blood from control and alloimmunized pregnancies and to examine the relationships between fetal and maternal COHb. METHODS:COHb levels were measured in paired fetal and maternal blood samples obtained at cordocentesis in 47 control and 16 Rh-al...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Hayde M,Pollak A,Bernaschek G,Weiner CP,Vreman HJ,Stevenson DK,Widness JA

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the preschool neurodevelopmental outcome in CDH survivors between 2 and 5 years of age and to identify perinatal and postnatal factors that may be predictive of persistent neurological deficits. METHODS:The study cohort consists of 60 CDH survivors that were enrolled in our prospective, follow-up...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Danzer E,Gerdes M,D'Agostino JA,Partridge EA,Hoffman-Craven CH,Bernbaum J,Rintoul NE,Flake AW,Adzick NS,Hedrick HL

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Angiogenesis, a critical process for growth and development is altered in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors VEGFR-1, soluble (s) VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 represent a regulatory system, essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis....

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Boutsikou T,Malamitsi-Puchner A,Economou E,Boutsikou M,Puchner KP,Hassiakos D

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the scholarly environment, research findings are disseminated as journal papers which support/dispute extant knowledge or add further to what is already known. The entire manuscript needs to be cited (in-text) and referenced (at the end of article), in order for readers to ascertain the validity of the research cla...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Cuschieri S,Grech V,Calleja N

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acidemia at birth is very common but little is known about its long-term consequences. AIM:To determine if pH at birth is related to established tests of intellectual function. SUBJECTS:School children aged 6-8, for whom obstetric data were available, who had been delivered after labour at term, and had an...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Svirko E,Mellanby J,Impey L

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Altogether 2159 pregnancies among black and white Americans in the Collaborative Perinatal Study and dental casts from the children at the age of 5-12 years were studied to find out the effect of maternal smoking on deciduous tooth crown growth. Minor crown size reduction (2-3%) in some dimensions was found in childre...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Heikkinen T,Alvesalo L,Osborne RH,Pirttiniemi P

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:This study investigated the effect of aminophylline on behaviour and autonomic function in the preterm period. METHOD:Subjects were preterm infants cared for in the Oita University hospital from August 2012 to October 2014. The group that was administered aminophylline (Am+) and the group that received no aminophy...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Maeda T,Inoue M,Sekiguchi K,Ihara K

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The reported national case fatality rates (CFRs) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shows a sex bias with males > females. The relative lengths of the index (2D) and ring (4D) fingers (digit ratio; 2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic (males < females) proxy of fetal sex steroids (low 2D:4D indicates high pre...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Manning JT,Fink B

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of lung function and reflex activity on the success of patient-triggered ventilation (PTV) has been determined. Lung function was assessed by measurement of compliance using a single breath technique. Reflex activity was assessed by measurement of the strength of Hering Breuer reflex indicated by the deg...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Chan V,Greenough A,Muramatsu K

更新日期：1994-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-seven 5--8-day-old babies were filmed during normal breast feeding (one feed each). Sucking patterns were determined from the film from a total sample of 17,676 sucks. Intersuck interals fell on two distributions: one of intervals between sucks during bursts of sucking (1.3 sec and less), and the other of rests...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Drewett RF,Woolridge M

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To assess whether attrition rate influences outcome in the follow-up of very preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN:In a national follow-up study of infants born alive in 1983 in the Netherlands with a gestational age less than 32 weeks and/or a birth weight less than 1500 g, outcome was assessed separately for adolescents...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Hille ET,den Ouden AL,Stuifbergen MC,Verrips GH,Vogels AG,Brand R,Gravenhorst JB,Verloove-Vanhorick SP

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interest in determining the quality of life of children and adults is now considered a priority. This is a result of a shift in thinking with greater transparency in finding out not only the health outcomes, but also the personal burden of illness and life satisfaction for the individual. However, there is still no co...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Saigal S

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nurses worldwide have striven to establish nursing as a profession, autonomous but complementary to the medical profession. Literature as far back as the Renaissance demonstrates an overall derogatory attitude toward the nurse's role. The modern notion of the nurse working side by side the medical practitioner continu...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Scerri M,Grech V

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular tumours (haemangiomas and malformations) are common tumours of infancy and childhood. They represent a group of mostly benign conditions, which present early, can grow rapidly and be symptomatic or disfiguring. There are various management options, with different cosmetic and functional outcomes. Haemangiomas...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： McHoney M

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whenever possible, oral feeding is the preferred method in neonatal feeding. However, many premature infants are unable to suck and swallow effectively; in these cases alternative methods of nutrient delivery must be used. We briefly review the different feeding methods used in neonatal units, with particular attentio...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Maggio L,Costa S,Zecca C,Giordano L

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparisons of the components of ventilator waveform were made in two groups of preterm infants ventilated for the respiratory distress syndrome. Infants actively expiring against positive pressure inflation were compared to infants not showing this interaction. The actively expiring infants were ventilated with a hig...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Greenough A

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Slide show presentations have become integral to the workplace, and PowerPoint is ubiquitous since it ships with the Microsoft Office Suite. However, the increasing sophistication of such software may encourage presenters to privilege form over content. It is possible to apply scientific research from Educational Psyc...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Grech V

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish longitudinal reference ranges for the fetal superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow velocity and pulsatility index (PI(SMA)). Also to examine the hemodynamic relationship to venous liver perfusion and umbilical flow distribution in the liver, to other splanchnic arteries, and more generally to the ...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Ebbing C,Rasmussen S,Godfrey KM,Hanson MA,Kiserud T

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the oral sensitivity and feeding skills of low-risk pre-term infants at 11-17 months corrected age. Twenty pre-term infants (PT) born between 32 and 37 weeks at birth without any medical comorbidities were assessed. All of this PT group received supplemental nasogastric (NG) tube feeds during their...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Dodrill P,McMahon S,Ward E,Weir K,Donovan T,Riddle B

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apnea of prematurity and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) are both common occurrences in preterm infants and widely perceived to be causally related. We seek in this review to provide a potential guideline for neonatal GER non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic therapy. Available physiologic data suggest that when there is ...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Abu Jawdeh EG,Martin RJ

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty appropriate (mean +/- S.D., gestational age (AGA): 29.9 +/- 1.5 weeks) and 15 small (GA: 34.6 +/- 2.4 weeks) for gestational age (SGA) very low birth weight infants fed banked mature human milk were studied until term for anthropometric parameters: midarm (MAC), chest (CC), head (HC) circumferences, triceps (TS...

journal_title：Early human development

authors： Excler JL,Lasne Y,Sann L,Picard J

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00