A teacupful of medicine?

abstract：:A class of riboswitches that recognizes guanine and discriminates against other purine analogs was recently identified. RNAs that carry the consensus sequence and structural features of guanine riboswitches are located in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of numerous prokaryotic genes, where they control the expression...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Mandal M,Breaker RR

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ≥ 10³⁰ bacteriophages on Earth relentlessly drive adaptive coevolution, forcing the generation of protective mechanisms in their bacterial hosts. One such bacterial phage-resistance system, ToxIN, consists of a protein toxin (ToxN) that is inhibited in vivo by a specific RNA antitoxin (ToxI); however, the mechanis...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Blower TR,Pei XY,Short FL,Fineran PC,Humphreys DP,Luisi BF,Salmond GP

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomere capping conceals chromosome ends from exonucleases and checkpoints, but the full range of capping mechanisms is not well defined. Telomeres have the potential to form G-quadruplex (G4) DNA, although evidence for telomere G4 DNA function in vivo is limited. In budding yeast, capping requires the Cdc13 protein ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Smith JS,Chen Q,Yatsunyk LA,Nicoludis JM,Garcia MS,Kranaster R,Balasubramanian S,Monchaud D,Teulade-Fichou MP,Abramowitz L,Schultz DC,Johnson FB

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Domain 5 (D5) is the central core of group II intron ribozymes. Many base and backbone substituents of this highly conserved hairpin participate in catalysis and are crucial for binding to other intron domains. We report the solution structures of the 34-nucleotide D5 hairpin from the group II intron ai5 gamma in the ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Sigel RK,Sashital DG,Abramovitz DL,Palmer AG,Butcher SE,Pyle AM

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF) to bind and bridge DNA in a sequence-independent manner is crucial for its role in retroviral integration and a variety of cellular processes. To better understand this behavior, we solved the crystal structure of BAF bound to DNA. The structure reveals that BAF b...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Bradley CM,Ronning DR,Ghirlando R,Craigie R,Dyda F

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many aspects of nucleic acid metabolism, such as DNA replication, repair and transcription, are regulated by the post-translational modifiers ubiquitin and SUMO. Not surprisingly, DNA itself plays an integral part in determining the modification of most chromatin-associated targets. Conversely, ubiquitination or SUMOy...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Ulrich HD

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Argonaute (Ago) proteins mediate silencing of nucleic acid targets by small RNAs. In fission yeast, Ago1, Tas3 and Chp1 assemble into a RITS complex, which silences transcription near centromeres. Here we describe a repetitive motif within Tas3, termed the 'Argonaute hook', that is conserved from yeast to humans and b...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Till S,Lejeune E,Thermann R,Bortfeld M,Hothorn M,Enderle D,Heinrich C,Hentze MW,Ladurner AG

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquitination cascade has a key role in the assembly of repair and signaling proteins at sites of double-strand DNA breaks. The E3 ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein 8 (RNF8) triggers the initial ubiquitination at double-strand DNA breaks, whereas sustained ubiquitination requires the downstream E3 ligase RING ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Feng L,Chen J

更新日期：2012-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone H3 Lys4 (H3K4) is methylated by yeast Set1-COMPASS and its mammalian homolog, the MLL complex. Human JARID1d can demethylate trimethyl-H3K4 (H3K4me3). We identified Drosophila melanogaster little imaginal discs (Lid) as the JARID1d homolog. We report that Lid knockdown using RNA interference results in a speci...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Eissenberg JC,Lee MG,Schneider J,Ilvarsonn A,Shiekhattar R,Shilatifard A

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterochromatin causes epigenetic repression that can be transmitted through multiple cell divisions. However, the mechanisms underlying silencing and stability of heterochromatin are not fully understood. We show that heterochromatin differs from euchromatin in histone turnover and identify histone deacetylase (HDAC)...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Aygün O,Mehta S,Grewal SI

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Processing of transcribed precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) to a mature state is a conserved aspect of ribosome biogenesis in vivo. We developed an affinity-purification system to isolate and analyze in vivo-formed pre-rRNA-containing ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles (rRNPs) from wild-type E. coli. We observed that ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Gupta N,Culver GM

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated co-transcriptional recruitment of pre-mRNA processing factors to human genes. Capping factors associate with paused RNA polymerase II (pol II) at the 5' ends of quiescent genes. They also track throughout actively transcribed genes and accumulate with paused polymerase in the 3' flanking region. The 3'...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Glover-Cutter K,Kim S,Espinosa J,Bentley DL

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I interferons (IFNs) are multifunctional cytokines that regulate immune responses and cellular functions but also can have detrimental effects on human health. A tight regulatory network therefore controls IFN signaling, which in turn may interfere with medical interventions. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway transm...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Arimoto KI,Löchte S,Stoner SA,Burkart C,Zhang Y,Miyauchi S,Wilmes S,Fan JB,Heinisch JJ,Li Z,Yan M,Pellegrini S,Colland F,Piehler J,Zhang DE

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosomes translating secretory and membrane proteins are targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and attach to the protein-conducting channel and ribosome-associated membrane proteins (RAMPs). Recently, a new RAMP, ERj1p, has been identified that recruits BiP to ribosomes and regulates translational activity. ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Blau M,Mullapudi S,Becker T,Dudek J,Zimmermann R,Penczek PA,Beckmann R

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD) heptapeptide repeats (1-YSPTSPS-7) undergo dynamic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation during the transcription cycle to recruit factors that regulate transcription, RNA processing and chromatin modification. We show here that RPRD1A and RPRD1B form homodimers a...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Ni Z,Xu C,Guo X,Hunter GO,Kuznetsova OV,Tempel W,Marcon E,Zhong G,Guo H,Kuo WW,Li J,Young P,Olsen JB,Wan C,Loppnau P,El Bakkouri M,Senisterra GA,He H,Huang H,Sidhu SS,Emili A,Murphy S,Mosley AL,Arrowsmith CH

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microtubule-severing enzymes katanin, spastin and fidgetin are AAA ATPases important for the biogenesis and maintenance of complex microtubule arrays in axons, spindles and cilia. Because of a lack of known 3D structures for these enzymes, their mechanism of action has remained poorly understood. Here we report the X-...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Zehr E,Szyk A,Piszczek G,Szczesna E,Zuo X,Roll-Mecak A

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RECQL5 is a member of the highly conserved RecQ family of DNA helicases involved in DNA repair. RECQL5 interacts with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and inhibits transcription of protein-encoding genes by an unknown mechanism. We show that RECQL5 contacts the Rpb1 jaw domain of Pol II at a site that overlaps with the bind...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Kassube SA,Jinek M,Fang J,Tsutakawa S,Nogales E

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SUMO processing and deconjugation are essential proteolytic activities for nuclear metabolism and cell-cycle progression in yeast and higher eukaryotes. To elucidate the mechanisms used during substrate lysine deconjugation, SUMO isoform processing and SUMO isoform interactions, X-ray structures were determined for a ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Reverter D,Lima CD

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advances in structure determination of the bacterial and eukaryotic transcription machinery have led to a marked increase in the understanding of the mechanism of transcription. Models for the specific assembly of the RNA polymerase II transcription machinery at a promoter, conformational changes that occur during ini...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Hahn S

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncoding RNAs, mobile elements, and alternative splicing are all critical for the regulation of gene expression. Here we show that a conserved noncoding RNA acquires a new function due to the insertion of a mobile element. We identified a noncoding RNA, termed 5S-OT, which is transcribed from 5S rDNA loci in eukaryot...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Hu S,Wang X,Shan G

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumor suppressor p53 has been proposed to bind target promoters upon genotoxic stress. However, recent evidence shows that p53 occupies some target promoters without such stress, suggesting that a negative regulator might render p53 transcriptionally inactive on these promoters. Here we show that calcineurin bindi...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Jang H,Choi SY,Cho EJ,Youn HD

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether a continuous transcript is necessary for co-transcriptional pre-mRNA processing. Cutting an intron with the fast-cleaving hepatitis delta ribozyme, but not the slower hammerhead, inhibited splicing. Therefore, exon tethering to RNA polymerase II (Pol II) cannot rescue splicing of a transcript s...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Fong N,Ohman M,Bentley DL

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophage T4 and related viruses have a contractile tail that serves as an efficient mechanical device for infecting bacteria. A three-dimensional cryo-EM reconstruction of the mature T4 tail assembly at 15-A resolution shows the hexagonal dome-shaped baseplate, the extended contractile sheath, the long tail fiber...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Kostyuchenko VA,Chipman PR,Leiman PG,Arisaka F,Mesyanzhinov VV,Rossmann MG

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Desensitization is a universal feature of ligand-gated ion channels. Using the crystal structure of the GluR2 L483Y mutant channel as a guide, we attempted to build non-desensitizing kainate-subtype glutamate receptors. Success was achieved for GluR5, GluR6 and GluR7 with intermolecular disulfide cross-links but not b...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Weston MC,Schuck P,Ghosal A,Rosenmund C,Mayer ML

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major structural components of HIV-1 are encoded as a single polyprotein, Gag, which is sufficient for virus particle assembly. Initially, Gag forms an approximately spherical shell underlying the membrane of the immature particle. After proteolytic maturation of Gag, the capsid (CA) domain of Gag reforms into a c...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Briggs JA,Simon MN,Gross I,Kräusslich HG,Fuller SD,Vogt VM,Johnson MC

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although both homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end joining can repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), the mechanisms by which one of these pathways is chosen over the other remain unclear. Here we show that transcriptionally active chromatin is preferentially repaired by HR. Using chromatin immunopreci...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Aymard F,Bugler B,Schmidt CK,Guillou E,Caron P,Briois S,Iacovoni JS,Daburon V,Miller KM,Jackson SP,Legube G

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The noncoding RNA Xist recruits silencing factors to the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and facilitates re-organization of Xi structure. Here, we examine the mouse epigenomic landscape of Xi and assess how Xist alters chromatin accessibility. Xist deletion triggers a gain of accessibility of select chromatin regions that ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Jégu T,Blum R,Cochrane JC,Yang L,Wang CY,Gilles ME,Colognori D,Szanto A,Marr SK,Kingston RE,Lee JT

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin is a dynamic structure that must respond to myriad stimuli to regulate access to DNA, and chemical modification of histones is a major means by which the cell modulates nucleosome mobility and turnover. Histone modifications are linked to essentially every cellular process requiring DNA access, including tra...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Zentner GE,Henikoff S

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental question is how enzymes can accelerate chemical reactions. Catalysis is not only defined by actual chemical steps, but also by enzyme structure and dynamics. To investigate the role of protein dynamics in enzymatic turnover, we measured residue-specific protein dynamics in hyperthermophilic and mesophili...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Wolf-Watz M,Thai V,Henzler-Wildman K,Hadjipavlou G,Eisenmesser EZ,Kern D

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophages express proteins that inactivate the CRISPR-Cas bacterial immune system. Here we report the crystal structure of the anti-CRISPR protein AcrF3 in complex with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cas3 (PaCas3). AcrF3 forms a homodimer that locks PaCas3 in an ADP-bound form, blocks the entrance of the DNA-binding tunn...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Wang X,Yao D,Xu JG,Li AR,Xu J,Fu P,Zhou Y,Zhu Y

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00