Abstract：
:The contributions of the hepatic microsomal and cytosolic fractions in the metabolic activation of the promutagen 2-aminofluorene into mutagenic intermediates in the Ames test were investigated. Rat hepatic postmitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic preparations could convert 2-aminofluorene to mutagens, the postmitochondrial preparation being the most and cytosol the least efficient. Pretreatment of the rats with Aroclor 1254 markedly enhanced the cytosol-mediated mutagenicity of the amine but increased microsomal- and postmitochrondrial-mediated mutagenicity only modestly. The cytosol-mediated mutagenicity of 2-aminofluorene was abolished by heat treatment and by incubation with proteinase K, but was unaffected by dialysis emphasising the protein nature of the cytosolic activation system. Oxygen radical generating systems and oxygen radical scavengers did not significantly influence the cytosol-mediated mutagenic response. Similarly incorporation of xanthine or allopurinol into the cytosolic activation system did not modulate the mutagenic response indicating no role for the molybdenum oxygenases. The cytosolic activation of 2-aminofluorene differed from that mediated by the microsomes in cofactor requirement, substrate specificity and sensitivity to DMSO and (+)-catechin. Further centrifugation of the cytosolic fraction to remove any microsomal contamination did not decrease the cytosolic activation of 2-aminofluorene. It is concluded that the hepatic cytosol contains an oxygenase activity capable of activating certain aromatic amines.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Leist M,Ayrton AD,Ioannides Cdoi
10.1016/0300-483x(92)90050-osubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
7-20issue
1-2eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
0300-483X(92)90050-Ojournal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract：:Amiodarone is a class III anti-arrhythmic compound that is iodinated, cationic and amphiphilic in nature. The clinical use of amiodarone may be associated with various side-effects, including pulmonary and hepatic toxicity. Use of this compound during pregnancy may therefore place the fetus at risk through in utero ex...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(91)90085-f
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabonomics involves the application of advanced analytical tools to profile the diverse metabolic complement of a given biofluid or tissue. Subsequent statistical modelling of the complex multivariate spectral profiles enables discrimination between phenotypes of interest and identifies panels of discriminatory meta...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.022
更新日期：2010-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat kidney slices were produced using a modified version of a mechanical tissue slicer. The slices were incubated with various concentrations of L-cysteine conjugates and mercapturic acids of halogenated alkenes in a submersion incubation system. The slices showed a time- and concentration-dependent toxicity to the ne...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(93)90206-8
更新日期：1993-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides are compounds that can be detected in human populations as a result of occupational or residential exposure. Despite their occurrence in considerably low levels in humans, their biological effects are hazardous since they interact with a plethora of enzymes, proteins, rece...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2012.09.011
更新日期：2013-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the results of the multiple-dose guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) and the non-radioactive murine local lymph-node assay (LLNA) for various biocides. Thirteen out of 17 positive biocides in the GPMT gave positive results in the LLNA. In the GPMT, the minimum first induction doses ranged over four orders ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.02.014
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxicity and other relevant data for 30 organophosphate pesticides were evaluated to suggest inhalation occupational exposure limits (OELs), and to support development of a risk assessment strategy for organophosphates in general. Specifically, the value of relative potency analysis and the predictability of inhalatio...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00219-5
更新日期：2000-09-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectrum of the anti-apoptotic potential of heparin is currently under scrutiny in various tissues and under various pathological situations. In this study, the role of a low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LMWH), certoparin in adriamycin-induced oxidative DNA damage has been evaluated in the cardiac and rena...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.09.009
更新日期：2006-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LD50 and 1 LD50 doses in female rabbits resulted in significant changes in physiological, clinico-chemical and histological parameters. There was a fall in arterial blood pressure and cardioacceleration in both the 0.5 LD50 and 1 LD50 groups, while the resp...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(88)90152-7
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unfortunately, the principal routine toxicology methods employed for the safety assessment of new products are over 40 years old and rely primarily on histopathological evaluation. It is difficult to introduce newer immunotoxicology or molecular toxicology methods into toxicity assessment without extensive and time co...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03601-3
更新日期：1997-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Bisphenol A has been shown to affect the reproduction of male rats and mice. However, the mechanism of action of bisphenol A on the epididymal sperm is not elucidated. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of bisphenol A on the antioxidant system of rat epididymal sperm. Bisphenol A was administered ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00597-8
更新日期：2003-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The nerve agent tabun inhibits the essential enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by a rapid phosphoramidation of the catalytic serine residue. Oximes, such as K027 and HLö-7, can reactivate tabun-inhibited human AChE (tabun-hAChE) whereas the activity of their close structural analogue HI-6 is notably low. To investiga...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2009.09.002
更新日期：2009-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:To meet the military objective of determining criteria for incapacitation and lethality from toxic gas exposures, a series of small animal tests and data analyses were conducted. Carbon monoxide (CO), a narcotic gas and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), an irritant gas, along with carbon dioxide (CO2) were tested individually a...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03504-4
更新日期：1996-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effect of repeated ozone exposure on the respiratory system in mice, sensitized with ovalbumin (OA). OA-sensitized mice and saline-treated control mice were exposed to 1.0 ppm ozone or clean air for 6 h daily and five days weekly for five weeks. Subsequently, these mice were exposed to 1.0 ppm ozone fo...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.047
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food allergy is a significant health issue in the UK, affecting between 1 and 2% of adults and 5 and 8% of children. The UK Food Standards Agency seeks to ensure the safety of food allergic consumers by providing them with information and guidance on food choices. Since 1995, with the aim of addressing important polic...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2010.08.007
更新日期：2010-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Silicosis is a universal occupational disease, which is caused by long-term crystalline silica exposure. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs participate in diverse pathological cellular pathways. However, the precise regulation mechanism remains limited in silicosis. Here, we established a silica-induced mou...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2021.152683
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) gas is a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels and substances. From a public health perspective, CO poisoning may be the cause of more than 50% of fatal poisonings in many industrial countries. The adverse effects of CO poisoning may be more widespread because of unreported si...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00387-6
更新日期：2002-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) is a surfactant used primarily as an aid in processing various fluoropolymers. Many toxicology and epidemiological studies have been conducted with APFO; however, no specific information regarding functional reproduction was previously available. Therefore, the potential reproductive...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2003.11.005
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin, was given during gestation to pregnant rats by gavage in corn oil. Peripheral blood and spleen cytotoxic activity of dams and their offspring were then evaluated at different times (30, 60, 90, 120 days) after birth. Pups showed a significant increase in peripheral b...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(97)03662-7
更新日期：1997-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant rats were dosed with 300, 600, 1000, 2000, 3000 or 4000 ppm inorganic lead through their drinking water during pregnancy and during lactation until 21 days post partum. An effect on live litter size was noted at the higher doses as was an increased tendency for sperm positive females to fail to produce a litt...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(81)90122-0
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two major mammalian metabolites of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), namely 2-hydroxy-3,7,8-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2-hydroxy-1,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, have been synthesized. The compounds were individually administered to immature male Wistar rats and their effects on body weight loss, ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(86)90196-4
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently reported that Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) has the ability to stimulate the proliferation of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. However, the mechanism of action remains to be clarified. The present study focused on the relationship between receptor expression and the effects of Delta(9)-TH...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2007.12.019
更新日期：2008-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin and dexamethasone are potent inhibitors of apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta) in hepatoma cells. Using FTO-2B rat hepatoma cells, we determined whether the anti-apoptotic effects of these agents result from interference within or upstream of the TGF-beta-induced caspase cascade. A...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2004.06.020
更新日期：2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Both catecholamine (CA) released from adrenal chromaffin cells and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of hypoxic stress response. Our previous study has demonstrated that exogenous H2S directly induced quantal CA released from adult rat adrenal chromaffin cells (ARACCs) by ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2013.06.014
更新日期：2013-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal markers were investigated over 96 h in male Sprague-Dawley rats after i.v. administration of 10.7 mg kg(-1) of digoxin-specific Fab fragments (DSFab). The dose was calculated by an allometric equation as equivalent to a high clinical dose. DSFab both alone and pre-incubated with digoxin were tested. None of the ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00022-5
更新日期：1998-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailability of coplanar 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and nonplanar 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils representing a range in organic carbon (OC), clay content and pH were investigated using an in vivo rat model and an in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to assess th...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tox.2005.08.012
更新日期：2006-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of insecticides currently in use throughout the world belong to the class of the organophosphorus insecticides. Many of these compounds, such as the phosphorothioate insecticides, exert their mammalian toxicity only after undergoing metabolic activation by a variety of cytochrome P450 isoforms to produce ...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00125-5
更新日期：1998-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Static and rotary cultures of adult rabbit hepatocytes can be produced reproducibly following their isolation by means of a simplified, inexpensive recycling perfusion system. Light and electron microscopic examination of the cultures showed that these hepatocytes retained the morphological characteristics of fully di...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(82)90052-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several dicationic amphiphilic compounds, such as the immunomodulator tilorone and analogues, impair the lysosomal catabolism of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Thereby they cause lysosomal GAG storage in rats and in cultured fibroblasts of several species including man. The GAG storage is rather slowly reversibl...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00052-3
更新日期：1998-07-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Palmitoylpentachlorophenol (PPCP), which is a lipid conjugate of a xenobiotic compound, has been found in human fat. To study the toxicity associated with PPCP, rats were given 100 mg/kg PPCP and sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 days. The target organ identified was the exocrine pancreas; no other major organs examined showe...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0300-483x(87)90137-5
更新日期：1987-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:BHK21 fibroblastic cells were exposed in vitro to lead microparticles produced by pyrolysis of the organic lead used as an antiknock agent in gasoline. Although non-cytolethal, 10 micrograms of lead/10(6) cells rapidly inhibited cell growth kinetics as well as [3H]thymidine and L-[3H]leucine incorporation by the BHK21...
journal_title：Toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
