Differences in the H2S-induced quantal release of catecholamine in adrenal chromaffin cells of neonatal and adult rats.

abstract：:The interaction in vivo of four O-alkyl O-2,5-dichlorophenyl phosphoramidates with neural neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and their ability to cause delayed polyneuropathy in hens has been examined. Previous studies in vitro (Vilanova, Johnson & Vicedo, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 28 (1...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Johnson MK,Vilanova E,Read DJ

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The trichothecenes are a group of mycotoxins that target leukocytes and have a wide range of immunomodulatory effects. Differential display analysis was applied to assess the effects of the trichothecenes deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin, DON) and satratoxin G (SG), on mRNA in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Cells were i...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chung YJ,Yang GH,Islam Z,Pestka JJ

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Carbamates physostigmine and pyridostigmine have been used as a pretreatment against poisoning with nerve agents in order to reversibly inhibit and thus protect from irreversible inhibition a portion of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in brain and respiratory muscles that is crucial for survival. Memantine, an a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Stojiljković MP,Škrbić R,Jokanović M,Bokonjić D,Kilibarda V,Vulović M

更新日期：2019-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) adducts is an important tool for monitoring exposures to industrial chemicals such as ethylene, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The aim of the present study was to use this method to monitor occupational exposure to butadiene. The methodology was evaluated with Hb samples obtain...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Richardson KA,Megens HJ,Webb JD,van Sittert NJ

更新日期：1996-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic ethanol intake affects various organ systems of the body. The present study evaluated modifications of fatty acid concentrations both in brain and striated skeletal muscles of rats genetically selected for voluntary high ethanol intake. Three groups of rats were tracked for 10 weeks of access to ethanol only a...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Berrettini M,Fedeli D,Falcioni G,Bevilacqua C,Massi M,Polidori C

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacological evidence has accumulated showing that glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) facilitate several responses to different drugs of abuse. Recent findings have attributed a prominent role to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in modulating behavior during the addictive process. The purpose of th...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Navarro-Zaragoza J,Laorden ML,Milanés MV

更新日期：2014-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable interest in gene and environment interactions in neurodegenerative diseases. The HFE (homeostatic iron regulator) gene variant (H63D) is highly prevalent in the population and has been investigated as a disease modifier in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. We have developed a mouse model to in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Song IY,Snyder AM,Kim Y,Neely EB,Wade QW,Connor JR

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The agricultural fungicide N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) is an acute nephrotoxicant in rats. Our previous studies have strongly suggested that glucuronide conjugation of NDPS metabolites might be a bioactivation step mediating NDPS nephrotoxicity. In this study, effects of substrates and/or inhibitors of pr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hong SK,Anestis DK,Brown PI,Rankin GO

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of thallous cation (Tl(+)) on: (a) the production of oxidant species and (b) membrane fluidity were evaluated in human leukemia T cells (Jurkat). After 72 h of incubation in the presence of Tl(+) (5-100 microM), no significant changes in cell viability were observed, although the average cell size was decr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Verstraeten SV

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A qualitative assessment of developmental toxicity within a series of 12 structurally related compounds, 11 of which were active dopamine mimetics and one was inactive, was conducted in rats treated orally by gavage during the major period of organogenesis. Doses were chosen where possible to be equipotent in terms of...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ridings JE,Baldwin JA

更新日期：1992-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Valproic acid (VPA) and the unsaturated metabolites, 2-ene VPA and (E)-2,(Z)-3'-diene VPA, demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, as evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage. Cellular glutathione (GSH) was depleted by adding buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) to the culture ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jurima-Romet M,Abbott FS,Tang W,Huang HS,Whitehouse LW

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a major problem in drug development, and oxidative stress is known as one of the causes. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are important antioxidant enzymes against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide production, and SOD2 is mainly localized in mitoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yoshikawa Y,Morita M,Hosomi H,Tsuneyama K,Fukami T,Nakajima M,Yokoi T

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aluminum (Al) is recognized worldwide as serious inorganic contaminants. Exposure to Al is associated with low BMD and an increased risk of osteoporosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms remains unclear. Thus, in this study, rats were orally exposed to 0 (control group, CG) and 0.4g/L AlCl3 (AlCl3 treated gro...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sun X,Liu J,Zhuang C,Yang X,Han Y,Shao B,Song M,Li Y,Zhu Y

更新日期：2016-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The standard treatment of poisoning by organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents with atropine and oximes is not sufficiently effective against all types of nerve agents. Alternative therapeutic strategies are required and bispyridinium non-oximes, acting as nicotinic antagonists, were identified as promising compounds. A pr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Seeger T,Eichhorn M,Lindner M,Niessen KV,Tattersall JE,Timperley CM,Bird M,Green AC,Thiermann H,Worek F

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a multifunctional regulator of cell growth that has either a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, depending on TGF beta concentration and on cell type, history and culture conditions. Cadmium mimics some of the effects of TGF beta in cultured cells. In t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tang N,Enger MD

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal oestrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species growing on cereals. ZEN and its metabolites bind to human oestrogen receptors and hence display oestrogenic and anabolic properties. Several lines of investigation suggest that ZEN may be genotoxic in vivo. ZEN damages DNA ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Abid-Essefi S,Baudrimont I,Hassen W,Ouanes Z,Mobio TA,Anane R,Creppy EE,Bacha H

更新日期：2003-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of metallothionein (MT) in the nephrotoxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (c-DDP) was investigated in rats using enzyme excretion and histology as indicators of renal damage. In addition, the effects of renal glutathione (GSH) depletion on the nephrotoxicity of c-DDP was assessed by organic anion t...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Suzuki CA,Cherian MG

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnant rats were dosed with 300, 600, 1000, 2000, 3000 or 4000 ppm inorganic lead through their drinking water during pregnancy and during lactation until 21 days post partum. An effect on live litter size was noted at the higher doses as was an increased tendency for sperm positive females to fail to produce a litt...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Carmichael NG,Winder C,Lewis PD

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been suggested that one possible contributor to the increasing prevalence of atopic (IgE-mediated) allergic diseases and asthma in Europe and the US is exposure to chemicals that may act as adjuvants. Certain commonly used phthalate plasticisers, such as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, have been implicated in this...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kimber I,Dearman RJ

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:For quantitative in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) of metabolism for the purposes of toxicokinetics prediction, a precise and robust analytical technique for identifying and measuring a chemical and its metabolites is an absolute prerequisite. Currently, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) is a tool of cho...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tolonen A,Pelkonen O

更新日期：2015-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The multiple cascades of signal transduction pathways that lead from receptors on the cell membrane to the nucleus, thus translating extracellular signals into changes in gene expression, may represent important targets for neurotoxic compounds. Among the biochemical steps and pathways that have been investigated are ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Costa LG,Guizzetti M,Lu H,Bordi F,Vitalone A,Tita B,Palmery M,Valeri P,Silvestrini B

更新日期：2001-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were designed to assess the mechanisms of diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)-induced changes in thermoregulation of the rat. In one study, male rats of the Long-Evans strain were injected with DFP (s.c.) at doses ranging from 0 to 2.0 mg/kg while maintained at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 20--24 degrees C...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gordon CJ,Fogelson L,Lee L,Highfill J

更新日期：1991-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:It is accepted practice in presenting organ weight data to express the results relative to the animal's body weight. The data presented suggest that in rats no benefits are obtained from this method either in reducing the variability of the data or in removing bias due to different body weights. By using simulated dat...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Stevens MT

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of rats with beta-alanine increases the urinary taurine levels and markedly reduces the concentration of taurine in the liver. Dosing with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) during treatment with beta-alanine results in a marked decrease in urinary taurine concomitant with a decrease in food intake. Treatment of an...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Waterfield CJ,Turton JA,Scales MD,Timbrell JA

更新日期：1993-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The 24-h and 72-h incorporation of 59Fe into circulating erythrocytes in mice were strongly inhibited by a single subcutaneous dose of T-2 toxin given 1 h before the radioisotope. The system is extremely sensitive, since a significant effect was detected with T-2 toxin doses as low as 0.30 mg/kg, which is about one-te...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Faifer GC,Godoy HM

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possibility that Cd administration could activate the pituitary-adrenal axis has been studied. It was found that acute administration of Cd strongly increased serum corticosterone levels. Adrenocortical activation correlated well with serum Cd levels, suggesting that adrenal activation was dependent on the presenc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hidalgo J,Armario A

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) on the nucleotide level in isolated cardiomyocytes from adult rats was examined. Incubation of myocytes with the hydroperoxide resulted in loss of both ATP and NAD from mitochondria and cytosol. In contrast, only the cytosolic level of NADP was increased. The effect on myoc...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Andersson BS,Vidal RF,Sundberg M,Rajs J,Sótonyi P

更新日期：1996-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Fire creates a complex toxic environment involving flame, heat, oxygen depletion, smoke, and toxic gases. The nature of that environment is dependent upon not only the materials present but on the fire event, that is, the fire scenario. Materials have different toxic gas profiles under different conditions; therefore,...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nelson GL

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, some biochemical features and the extent of inhibition induced by the organophosphorous pesticide azinphos-methyl on the cholinesterase (ChE) activity present in whole soft tissue of two freshwater invertebrate species, the gastropod Biomphalaria glabrata and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus were ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kristoff G,Guerrero NV,de D'Angelo AM,Cochón AC

更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nu...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Singh DP,Bagam P,Sahoo MK,Batra S

更新日期：2017-05-15 00:00:00