Abstract:
:Genetically-coded, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensors are widely used to study molecular events from single cells to whole organisms. They are unique among biosensors because of their spontaneous fluorescence and targeting specificity to both organelles and tissues. In this review, we discuss the theoretical basis of FRET with a focus on key parameters responsible for designing FRET biosensors that have the highest sensitivity. Next, we discuss recent applications that are grouped into four common biosensor design patterns--intermolecular FRET, intramolecular FRET, FRET from substrate cleavage and FRET using multiple colour fluorescent proteins. Lastly, we discuss recent progress in creating fluorescent proteins suitable for FRET purposes. Together these advances in the development of FRET biosensors are beginning to unravel the interconnected and intricate signalling processes as they are occurring in living cells and organisms.
journal_name
Biotechnol Lettjournal_title
Biotechnology lettersauthors
Li IT,Pham E,Truong Kdoi
10.1007/s10529-006-9193-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-01 00:00:00pages
1971-82issue
24eissn
0141-5492issn
1573-6776journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:A bio-based process is appealing for purification of L-lactic acid, the major enantiomer of polylactic acid syrup, generated by thermochemical processes at the end of life of PLA-based plastics, from its chiral impurity, D-lactic acid, before reuse. RESULTS:Polylactic acid (PLA), a renewable alternative to p...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-015-1924-z
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A polysaccharide from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f., was isolated, purified and characterized. It induced the proliferation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor up to 156% and 147% of control after 72 h, re...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-0011-x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semliki forest virus (SFV) is a pathogen causing lethal encephalitis in laboratory mice. In this study, we obtained three short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) which could specifically target SFV sequence in GFP reporting systems and effectively suppress SFV replication in luciferase-containing reporter virus system. At a multi...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-008-9904-1
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alginate production by Azotobacter vinelandii growing in chemostat cultures was evaluated under different O(2) transfer rates (OTR). As a result of modifying the culture's agitation rate from 300 to 500 rpm, the OTR increased from 9 to 15.1 mmol l(-1) h(-1) and a slight variation in the alginate production (1.7-2.2 g ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-009-9949-9
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new technique for the direct production of recombinant baculovirus in the silkworm larvae is described. To assess the utility of this method, a combination of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedroviral genome, transfer vector and Lipofectin was co-injected directly into newly ecdysed fifth instar, silkworm larvae. The recombi...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-9215-3
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recombinant plasmid, pGMF, containing a gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene (GSH-I) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was constructed with a copper-resistance gene as the selection marker and was introduced into S. cerevisiae YSF-31. The glutathione content of the recombinant strain was 1.5-fold (13.1 mg g dry cells...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/b:bile.0000018261.14427.e8
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our current knowledge of protein unfolding is overwhelmingly related to reversible denaturation. However, to engineer thermostable enzymes for industrial applications and medical diagnostics, it is necessary to consider irreversible denaturation processes and/or the entire quaternary structure. In this study we have u...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-005-3555-2
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aptamers against inactive Vibrio alginolyticus were selected from an 82-nt ssDNA random library by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment. After 15 rounds of selection, the final pool of aptamers was highly specific for inactivated V. alginolyticus and had a dissociation constant of 27.5 ± 9.2 nM. U...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1154-1
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotics is manifested primarily by enzymic modification of these drugs. One important mechanism of streptomycin modification is through ATP-dependent O-adenylation, catalyzed by streptomycin adenylyltransferase. Initial velocity patterns deduced from steady state kinetics...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-005-2544-9
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify and characterize a novel bacterial pyranose 2-oxidase (P2Ox) and investigate its potential use in lignin degradation applications. RESULTS:A new bacterial P2Ox (PaP2Ox) enzyme was identified in the lignocellulolytic bacterium Pantoea ananatis Sd-1. The PaP2Ox open reading frame was cloned, and th...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-018-2538-z
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphotactin-XCL1 is a chemokine produced mainly by activated CD8+ T-cells and directs migration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. We expressed human lymphotactin (LTN) by the lactic-acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis. Biological activity of LTN was confirmed by chemo-attraction of human T-cel...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-008-9855-6
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the core of a biomanufacturing process for recombinant proteins is the production cell line. It influences the productivity and product quality. Its characteristics also dictate process development, as the process is optimized to complement the producing cell to achieve the target productivity and quality. Advances...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10529-015-1843-z
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unstructured model based on mass balance equations for a recombinant methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris MutS (Methanol Utilization Slow) strain expressing the mini-proinsulin (MPI), was successfully established in quasi-steady state fed-batch fermentations with varying total quantity of biomass in a 7 l fermenter...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1022398917213
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A plasmid, pBGFP, carrying green fluorescent protein (gfp) and benomyl-resistance genes was constructed and transformed into Metarhizium anisopliae. The transformants grew normally and GFP fluorescence was detected. No change was found in virulence for the transformants. Fluorescence was detected in hyphae from the ha...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-007-9332-7
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deer antlers are the only mammalian appendages capable of repeated rounds of regeneration. Every year, deer antlers are shed and regrown from blastema into large branched structures of cartilage and bone. Little is known about the genes involved in antler development particularly during the later stages of ossificatio...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-011-0841-z
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of biodiesel by transesterification employing acid or base catalyst has been industrially accepted for its high conversion and reaction rates. Downstream processing costs and environmental problems associated with biodiesel production and byproducts recovery have led to the search for alternative produc...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10529-010-0275-z
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro biocatalysis with cytochrome P450 BM-3 was investigated aiming for the substitution of the expensive natural cofactor NADPH by electrochemistry. The monooxygenase was immobilized on electrodes by entrapment in polypyrrole as a conductive polymer for electrochemically wiring the enzyme. Electropolymerization o...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-009-9925-4
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been an increasing interest in applying biotechnology in formulating and characterising new and innovative drug delivery methods, e.g., drug-loaded biodegradable microneedles within the area of transdermal delivery technology. Recently, microneedles have been proposed for use in pain management, e.g., post-o...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1217-3
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endophytic colonization in rice was induced using rhizobia. Dehusked seeds of rice hybrid, CORH2, were used as explants for induction of calli. MS medium was modified with 2,4-D (2.5 mg l(-1)) and kinetin (0.2 mg l(-1)) for callus induction. Well-developed calli were inoculated with Azorhizobium caulinodans strains OR...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-008-9693-6
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ammonium is a substrate of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process but it has been suggested as a substrate-inhibitor because of the action of its unionized form, free ammonia. High pH of the medium is also an important limiting factor of the Anammox bacteria. Both effects are difficult to discriminate. In ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-014-1564-8
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alkyl glucosides were synthesized by the reaction of Leuconostoc mesenteroides dextransucrase with sucrose and various alcohols. Alkyl alpha-D-glucosides were obtained with a yield of 30% (mol/mol) with primary alcohols, but secondary alcohols or tertiary alcohols gave yields below 5%. The optimal yield was 50% using ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-009-0015-4
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorella protothecoides, a lutein-producing microalga, was grown aerobically in a mineral medium prepared with 70% (v/v) deuterated water. HPLC/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC/APCI-MS) analysis revealed approximately 58% replacement of hydrogen by deuterium atoms as indicated by the m...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-006-9105-8
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the potential of enzyme cocktails produced by five filamentous fungi to supplement the industrial cellulase cocktail, Celluclast 1.5L, in order to improve the efficiency of saccharification. RESULTS:The fungi were cultivated on wheat bran and the resulting supernatants were combined with Cellucl...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-017-2371-9
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To construct a highly expressed and active MEK1R4F (a constitutively active form of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1) by fusion of soluble adenylate kinase (Adk) tag, resulting in Adk-MEK1R4F protein suitable for preparation of phosphorylated ERK. RESULTS:We fused the Adk to the N-terminus of MEK1R4...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-017-2385-3
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri ZWLR2-1 was isolated from soil contaminated with chloronitrobenzenes and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. This bacterium released chloride and nitrite into the medium when grown on 0.5 mM 2-chloronitrobenzene. PCR amplification and DNA sequencing revealed a DNA fragment encoding a po...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-004-8293-3
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::miR-21 is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, suggesting that it might play a role in the process of oncogenesis, as supported by it directly causing pre-B cell lymphomas in transgenic mice. Rm21LG transgenic mice for the conditional co-expression of miR-21 and luciferase (Luc) mediated by Cre/lox P system were ...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1327-y
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop a mouse artificial chromosome (MAC) carrying the mouse Xist gene (X-inactive specific transcript; Xist-MAC) as a systematic in vitro approach for investigating Xist RNA-mediated chromosome inactivation. RESULTS:Ectopic expression of the Xist gene in CHO cells led to the accumulation of Xist RNA in...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-020-02826-z
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::N(omega)-2,2,4,6,7-Pentamethyldihydrobenzofuran-5-sulfonyl (N(omega)-Pbf)-protected oligoarginine was directly conjugated to poly(amino acid) derivatives modified with a long alkyl chain. The final concentration of conjugated peptides was easily controlled by the feed ratio of oligoarginine to polymer backbone and a f...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-005-7838-4
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Microalgae gained interest for potential use as biodiesel producers, since they synthesize and accumulate significant quantities of lipids. The aim of this work was to isolate indigenous microalgae strains from Greek habitats, study their physicochemical growth conditions and finally select the best ones with...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-019-02658-6
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF WORK:The purpose of this study is to report a ι-carrageenase which degrades ι-carrageenan yielding neo-ι-carratetraose as the main product in the absence of NaCl. The gene for a new ι-carrageenase, CgiB_Ce, from Cellulophaga sp. QY3 was cloned and sequenced. It comprised an ORF of 1,386 bp encoding for a pro...
journal_title:Biotechnology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10529-013-1244-0
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00