Repetitive nerve stimulation and stimulation single fiber electromyography studies in rats intoxicated with single or mixed insecticides.

abstract：:The spectrum of the anti-apoptotic potential of heparin is currently under scrutiny in various tissues and under various pathological situations. In this study, the role of a low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LMWH), certoparin in adriamycin-induced oxidative DNA damage has been evaluated in the cardiac and rena...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Deepa PR,Varalakshmi P

更新日期：2006-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies on the immunotoxicity of a complex mixture of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) by-products from a manufactured gas plant indicated possible synergistic interactions which were investigated by determining the immunosuppressive effects of a reconstituted PAH mixture in female B6C3F1 mice challenge...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Harper N,Steinberg M,Safe S

更新日期：1996-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of xenobiotic drugs and toxic compounds depend largely on their kinetic properties, which can be influenced by transmembrane drug transporters like MDR1/P-glycoprotein and the drug-conjugate transporters multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 1 and 2. As the dog is a preferential species used in the pharmacolo...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Conrad S,Viertelhaus A,Orzechowski A,Hoogstraate J,Gjellan K,Schrenk D,Kauffmann HM

更新日期：2001-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have reported that maternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces socioemotional and cognitive disturbances in rat offspring. In the present study, the effects of maternal TCDD exposure on putative inhibitory interneurons were investigated in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nguyen MN,Nishijo M,Nguyen AT,Bor A,Nakamura T,Hori E,Nakagawa H,Ono T,Nishijo H

更新日期：2013-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:After i.v. injection of 0.33 mg nicotine/kg the elimination of unchanged nicotine as well as nicotine-N-oxide, cotinine, nornicotine and norcotinine was determined in the urine of pigs dependent on time. In female pigs 16.3% and in male pigs 25.9% of the applied nicotine were recovered in form of the mentioned compoun...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Harke HP,Frahm B

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fetotoxicity of nitrofen and 5 analogous diphenyl ethers was compared in mice, using survival on postnatal day 5 to evaluate prenatal and perinatal toxicity. The effect of each chemical on the Harderian gland weight of surviving pups was also assessed, since decreased Harderian gland weight is seen in nitrofen-exp...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Francis BM

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vivo effects of sodium cyanide and its antidotes, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate and 4-dimethylaminophenol (DMAP), as well as the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phentolamine, on rat brain cytochrome oxidase were studied. The course of inhibition was time-dependent and a peak of 40% was attained between 15 ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tadić V

更新日期：1992-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:NLRC5, a newly found member of the NLR family and the largest member of nucleotide-binding, has been reported to regulate immune responses and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in HCC progression. Increased expression of NLRC5, vascular en...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： He YH,Li MF,Zhang XY,Meng XM,Huang C,Li J

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chalcones are phenolic compounds that can be isolated from plants. Previous studies have described some pharmacological applications for these compounds. Making use of our established reporter gene system, we determined the effect of five hydroxychalcones--2-hydroxychalcone, 2'-hydroxychalcone, 4-hydroxychalcone, 4,2'...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang H,Wang Y,Chen ZY,Chan FL,Leung LK

更新日期：2005-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle for the effective treatment of cancers. The mechanism of chemo-resistance is still poorly understood, however, mounting evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in modulating key cellular pathways mediating response to chemotherapy. microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been im...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yang SM,Huang C,Li XF,Yu MZ,He Y,Li J

更新日期：2013-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased antigen-specific IgE expression is a hallmark of the allergic response in mice. IgG1 may also be involved. Co-injection of mice with diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and ovalbumin three times over a 2 week period lead to a rapid and marked elevation of ovalbumin-specific IgE, IgG1 and also IgG2a, compared with...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Heo Y,Saxon A,Hankinson O

更新日期：2001-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The agricultural fungicide N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) is an acute nephrotoxicant in rats. Our previous studies have strongly suggested that glucuronide conjugation of NDPS metabolites might be a bioactivation step mediating NDPS nephrotoxicity. In this study, effects of substrates and/or inhibitors of pr...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Hong SK,Anestis DK,Brown PI,Rankin GO

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has indicated that testosterone pretreatment protects against cadmium-induced toxicity in male rats while other data indicate that pretreatment of mice with testosterone offers no such protection against cadmium. Since cadmium toxicity may vary widely with species and strain, we examined the effect of te...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Shimada H,Bare RM,Hochadel JF,Waalkes MP

更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Repeated abuse of stimulant drugs, cocaine and amphetamine, is associated with extraneuronal dopamine accumulation in specific brain areas. Dopamine may be cytotoxic through the generation of reactive oxygen species, namely hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting from dopamine oxidative metabolism. In this work, we studie...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cunha-Oliveira T,Rego AC,Morgadinho MT,Macedo T,Oliveira CR

更新日期：2006-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell detachment and cloning efficiency of Baby Hamster Kidney cells (BHK-21 C13) were used as parameters to quantify cytotoxicity in vitro of 3 endogenous chemicals (glutathione, L-methionine, L-cysteine HCl) and 4 organotin compounds (tributyltinoxide, tributyltinchloride, tetrabutyltin, tetraphenyltin). IC50 values ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Reinhardt CA,Schawalder H,Zbinden G

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats received 0, 200, 1000 and 5000 ppm metaldehyde in the diet for 2 years. Reproduction studies over three generations using the same dietary levels were carried out. In the third litter of each generation attention was paid to possible embryotoxic or teratogenic effects. The parameters studied included growth, food...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Verschuuren HG,Kroes R,Den Tonkelaar EM,Berkvens JM,Helleman PW,Van Esch GJ

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beside heavy metals, cadmium (Cd(2+)) is a ubiquitous toxic metal with a well established apoptotic and genotoxic effect, chronic exposure of which has been involved in a variety of pathological conditions. In the present study, we investigated by 1455 genes cDNA microarrays the toxic and apoptotic effect of Cd(2+), o...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tsangaris GT,Botsonis A,Politis I,Tzortzatou-Stathopoulou F

更新日期：2002-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient that is required in humans and animals for many physiological functions, including immune and antioxidant function, growth and reproduction. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of adequate Zn level (38 mg/kg diet, as a control) and two low levels that create Zn...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yousef MI,El-Hendy HA,El-Demerdash FM,Elagamy EI

更新日期：2002-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Solar radiation induces acute and chronic reactions in human and animal skin. Chronic repeated exposures are the primary cause of benign and malignant skin tumors, including malignant melanoma. Among types of solar radiation, ultraviolet B (290-320 nm) radiation is highly mutagenic and carcinogenic in animal experimen...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ichihashi M,Ueda M,Budiyanto A,Bito T,Oka M,Fukunaga M,Tsuru K,Horikawa T

更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Several epidemiological studies have shown that acute exposure to particulate air pollution is associated with increases in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and that these effects are especially exacerbated among individuals with pre-existing compromised cardiovascular function such as hypertension. This study ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Nemmar A,Zia S,Subramaniyan D,Fahim MA,Ali BH

更新日期：2011-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The present work includes a study on the glycosaminoglycanuric condition induced by adriamycin (ADR, a chemotherapeutic agent) and the accompanying secondary hyperlipidemia, wherein the treatment with a low-molecular-weight heparin-derivative (LMWH), certoparin, is evaluated for its protective role (if any) on these p...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Deepa PR,Varalakshmi P

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater (GW) from the Bitterfeld industrial region, Central Germany, is contaminated mainly with monochlorobenzene (MCB). Accordingly, current research addresses the development of feasible in situ groundwater remediation technologies. Although easily degradable under aerobic conditions, MCB persists in the essent...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Bittkau A,Geyer R,Bhatt M,Schlosser D

更新日期：2004-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:D-Serine causes selective necrosis to the straight portion of the rat renal proximal tubules. The onset is rapid, occurring within 3-4 h and accompanied by proteinuria, glucosuria and aminoaciduria. The metabolism of D-serine by D-amino acid oxidase (D-AAO) may be involved in the mechanism of toxicity. D-AAO is locali...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Williams RE,Lock EA

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were treated for 4 weeks with chlorphentermine hydrochloride (30 mg/kg, i.p., 5 days/seek), a regimen which causes a profound phospholipidosis in the alveolar macrophages (AMs). The susceptibility of these lipid-laden cells to lipid peroxidation was examined and compared to AMs from control (untreated) rats. Lipi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Reasor MJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimony compounds are widely used in various manufacturing and semiconducting industries. Previously, it has been shown that antimony trichloride (SbCl3) elevates sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rates in V79 cells after a 28-h incubation. However, only limited data on its genotoxic effects are available so far. The p...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Huang H,Shu SC,Shih JH,Kuo CJ,Chiu ID

更新日期：1998-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate hydroperoxide generation as a potential mechanism of cyanide neurotoxicity, mice were treated with KCN (7 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)) and the level of lipid peroxidation (expressed as conjugated dienes) was measured later in various organs. Brain showed elevated conjugated diene levels after cyanide but ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ardelt BK,Borowitz JL,Maduh EU,Swain SL,Isom GE

更新日期：1994-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin, was given during gestation to pregnant rats by gavage in corn oil. Peripheral blood and spleen cytotoxic activity of dams and their offspring were then evaluated at different times (30, 60, 90, 120 days) after birth. Pups showed a significant increase in peripheral b...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Santoni G,Cantalamessa F,Mazzucca L,Romagnoli S,Piccoli M

更新日期：1997-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Technical pentabrominated diphenyl ether (pentaBDE mix) is a mixture of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) which has been widely used as a flame retardant. Since its ban in several countries it has been replaced by other brominated flame retardants such as hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Both certain PBDE congeners...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Fery Y,Buschauer I,Salzig C,Lang P,Schrenk D

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of fly ash inhalation on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and heme metabolism in lung and liver has been studied in rats. Fly ash inhalation induced pulmonary and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and glutathione S-transferase activity. Induction of cytochrome P-450 was accompani...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chauhan SS,Singh SK,Misra UK

更新日期：1989-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:In our experiments on acutely lead exposed rats we observed a marked increase (a 2-fold or 3-fold increase with 30 mg/kg or 60 mg/kg lead acetate, respectively) in [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate [( 3H]QNB) specific binding to muscarine receptors from striatum and cortex, without any change in receptor affinity. Muscarine...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moingeon P,Bidart JM,Alberici GF,Boudène C,Bohuon C

更新日期：1984-05-14 00:00:00