Infectious Norovirus Is Chronically Shed by Immunocompromised Pediatric Hosts.

abstract：:During infection, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) produces a non-coding subgenomic RNA referred to as low-molecular-weight tristeza 1 (LMT1), which for a long time has been considered as a by-product of the complex CTV replication machinery. In this study, we investigated the role of LMT1 in the virus infection cycle usin...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Kang SH,Sun YD,Atallah OO,Huguet-Tapia JC,Noble JD,Folimonova SY

更新日期：2019-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoma is one of the most common malignancies in domestic cats. The lymphomagenic potential of Felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (FcaGHV1), a common infection in domestic cats, is unknown. In other species, including humans, cellular transformation by gammaherpesviruses is typically mediated by viral genes expressed du...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Aghazadeh M,Shi M,Pesavento PA,Durham AC,Polley T,Donahoe SL,Troyer RM,Barrs VR,Holmes EC,Beatty JA

更新日期：2018-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Delivering rapid protection against infectious agents to non-immune populations is a formidable public health challenge. Although passive immunotherapy is a fast and effective method of protection, large-scale production and administration of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is expensive and unpractical. Viral vector-medi...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Michelini Z,Minkoff JM,Yang J,Negri D,Cara A,Hanson BJ,Salvatore M

更新日期：2020-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Many blood-feeding arthropods are known vectors of viruses that are a source of unprecedented global health concern. Mosquitoes are an integral part of these arthropod vectors. Advancements in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics has expanded our knowledge on the richness of viruses harbored by arthropods. In...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Atoni E,Wang Y,Karungu S,Waruhiu C,Zohaib A,Obanda V,Agwanda B,Mutua M,Xia H,Yuan Z

更新日期：2018-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus-8) is a gammaherpesvirus that establishes life-long infection in human B lymphocytes. KSHV infection is typically asymptomatic, but immunosuppression can predispose KSHV-infected individuals to primary effusion lymphoma (PEL); a malignancy ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Pringle ES,Wertman J,Melong N,Coombs AJ,Young AL,O'Leary D,Veinotte C,Robinson CA,Ha MN,Dellaire G,Druley TE,McCormick C,Berman JN

更新日期：2019-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is a contagious viral (PRRSV) disease in pigs characterized by poor reproductive health, increased mortality, and reductions in growth rates. PRRSV is known to implement immuno-antagonistic mechanisms to evade detection and mute host responses to infection. To bette...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Hicks JA,Yoo D,Liu HC

更新日期：2020-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 is a global health crisis that has infected more than 37 million people. Latent reservoirs throughout the body are a major hurdle when it comes to eradicating the virus. In our previous study, we found that exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle (EV), from uninfected cells activate the transcription of HIV-1 ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Barclay RA,Mensah GA,Cowen M,DeMarino C,Kim Y,Pinto DO,Erickson J,Kashanchi F

更新日期：2020-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) pathogenesis but also play a critical role in orchestrating innate and adaptive vaccine-specific immune responses. Effective HIV/SIV vaccines require strong antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses, cytotoxic activity of CD8 T cel...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Ko EJ,Robert-Guroff M

更新日期：2019-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 causes a chronic infection in humans that is characterized by high plasma viremia, progressive loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes, and severe immunodeficiency resulting in opportunistic disease and AIDS. Viral persistence is mediated in part by the ability of the Nef protein to down-regulate HLA molecules on the infecte...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Mwimanzi P,Markle TJ,Ueno T,Brockman MA

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of high-throughput technologies allows for evaluating gene expression at the whole-genome level. Together with proteomic and metabolomic studies, these analyses have resulted in the identification of plant genes whose function or expression is altered as a consequence of pathogen attacks. Members of th...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Czosnek H,Eybishtz A,Sade D,Gorovits R,Sobol I,Bejarano E,Rosas-Díaz T,Lozano-Durán R

更新日期：2013-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Finding a cure for HIV is challenging because the virus is able to integrate itself into the host cell genome and establish a silent state, called latency, allowing it to evade antiviral drugs and the immune system. Various "shock and kill" strategies are being explored in attempts to eliminate latent HIV reservoirs. ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Kuang XT,Brockman MA

更新日期：2018-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell response to virus infection and virus perturbation of that response is dynamic and is reflected by changes in cell susceptibility to infection. In this study, we evaluated the response of human epithelial cells to sequential infections with human respiratory syncytial virus strains A2 and B to determine if a ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Simeonov I,Gong X,Kim O,Poss M,Chiaromonte F,Fricks J

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of integrase inhibitors (INI) is increasing in antiretroviral therapies (ART) and INI are not all equal regarding genetic barrier to resistance. The aim of this manuscript was to review main in vivo and in vitro knowledge about two particular integrase resistance-associated mutations: R263K and E157Q. The R263...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Charpentier C,Descamps D

更新日期：2018-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Timely implementation of antiviral treatment and other public health based responses are dependent on accurate and rapid diagnosis of the novel pandemic influenza A(H1N1) strain. In this study we developed a duplex real-time PCR (RT-PCR) (dFLU-TM) assay for the simultaneous detection of a broad range of influenza A su...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Rockett RJ,Bialasiewicz S,Whiley DM,Bletchly C,Faux CE,Lambert SB,Nimmo GR,Nissen MD,Sloots TP

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The M112-113 gene is the first early gene of the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), and its expression is activated by the immediate-early 3 (IE3) protein during MCMV infection in permissive cells. At its 5' terminus, a 10-bp motif, upstream of the TATA box of the M112-113 gene, was identified to bind to IE3, and it is ne...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Cruz-Cosme R,Armstrong N,Tang Q

更新日期：2020-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes severe illness including cytokine storms, but mortality among countries differs largely. In the present study, we investigated the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, which plays a major role in susceptibility to viral infections, and the mort...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Sakuraba A,Haider H,Sato T

更新日期：2020-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Flaviviruses, most of which are emerging and re-emerging human pathogens and significant public health concerns worldwide, are positive-sense RNA viruses. Flavivirus replication occurs on the ER and is regulated by many mechanisms and factors. NS5, which consists of a C-terminal RdRp domain and an N-terminal methyltra...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Duan Y,Zeng M,Jiang B,Zhang W,Wang M,Jia R,Zhu D,Liu M,Zhao X,Yang Q,Wu Y,Zhang S,Liu Y,Zhang L,Yu Y,Pan L,Chen S,Cheng A

更新日期：2019-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) terminase complex is part of DNA-packaging machinery that delivers a unit-length genome into a procapsid. Sequence comparison of herpesvirus homologs allowed us to identify a potential LATLNDIERFL and zinc finger pattern in N-terminal part of pUL56. Recombinant viruses were generated w...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Ligat G,Couvreux A,Cazal R,Alain S,Hantz S

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-the second leading, and rising, cause of death due to cancer world-wide [...]. ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Baumert TF,Hoshida Y

更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic virus that is transmitted by bats to humans and to pigs, causing severe respiratory disease and often fatal encephalitis. Antibodies directed against the NiV-glycoprotein (G) protein are known to play a major role in clearing NiV infection and in providing vaccine-induced prot...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Kalodimou G,Veit S,Jany S,Kalinke U,Broder CC,Sutter G,Volz A

更新日期：2019-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes are adaptive immune cells that play a key role in the immune response to pathogens. They have been extensively studied in a variety of model systems and the mechanisms by which they function are well described. However, the responses by these cell types vary widely from pathogen to pathogen. ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Netland J,Bevan MJ

更新日期：2013-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza virus is among the most common causes of respiratory illness worldwide and can be complicated by secondary bacterial pneumonia, a frequent cause of mortality. When influenza virus infects the lung, the innate immune response is activated, and interferons and inflammatory mediators are released. This "cytokin...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Gopal R,Mendy A,Marinelli MA,Richwalls LJ,Seger PJ,Patel S,McHugh KJ,Rich HE,Grousd JA,Forno E,Alcorn JF

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) were estimated in 102 serum samples from 63 hospitalized Greek patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Dobrava/Belgrade virus. Significantly higher VEGF levels were seen in the severe when compared with non-severe cases (mean values...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Tsergouli K,Papa A

更新日期：2013-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA virus invasion induces a cytosolic RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway by promoting assembly of the Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) signalosome and triggers the rapid production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. During this process, the pivotal kinase TANK binding...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： He TS,Xie T,Li J,Yang YX,Li C,Wang W,Cao L,Rao H,Ju C,Xu LG

更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can slow down the replication of HIV-1, leading to an improvement in the survival of HIV-1-infected patients. However, drug toxicities and poor drug administration has led...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Chupradit K,Moonmuang S,Nangola S,Kitidee K,Yasamut U,Mougel M,Tayapiwatana C

更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Retroviruses integrate a reverse transcribed double stranded DNA copy of their viral genome into the chromosomal DNA of cells they infect. Occasionally, exogenous retroviruses infect germ cells and when this happens a profound shift in the virus host dynamic occurs. Retroviruses maintained as hereditable viral genetic...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Liu M,Eiden MV

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratories throughout the world that perform work with Risk Group 4 Pathogens generally adopt one of two approaches within BSL-4 environments: either the use of positive pressure air-fed suits or using Class III microbiological safety cabinets and isolators for animal work. Within the UK at present, all laboratories...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Steward JA,Lever MS

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gammaherpesviruses like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) subvert the ubiquitin proteasome system for their own benefit in order to facilitate viral gene expression and replication. In particular, viral tegument proteins that share sequence homology to the formylglycineamide r...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Full F,Hahn AS,Großkopf AK,Ensser A

更新日期：2017-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral infection of different cell types induces a unique spectrum of host defence genes, including interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and genes encoding other proteins with antiviral potential. Although hundreds of ISGs have been described, the vast majority have not been functionally characterised. Cellular proteins ...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Villalón-Letelier F,Brooks AG,Saunders PM,Londrigan SL,Reading PC

更新日期：2017-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete sequence and genome organization of a novel Endornavirus from the hypovirulent strain GD-2 of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA, the causal agent of rice sheath blight, were identified using a deep sequencing approach and it was tentatively named as Rhizoctonia solani endornavirus 1 (RsEV1). It was composed of o...

journal_title：Viruses

authors： Zheng L,Shu C,Zhang M,Yang M,Zhou E

更新日期：2019-02-20 00:00:00