Efficient discrimination of temporal patterns by motion-sensitive neurons in primate visual cortex.

abstract：:The concept of the CNS as an immune-privileged organ has led to a common misunderstanding that it is not an active immunological organ, guarded from its surroundings by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent advances in this field clearly demonstrate that the CNS is a highly immunologically active organ, with complex i...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lampron A,Elali A,Rivest S

更新日期：2013-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Nervous system injury and disease have broad effects on the functional connectivity of the nervous system, but how injury signals are spread across neural circuits remains unclear. We explored how axotomy changes the physiology of severed axons and adjacent uninjured "bystander" neurons in a simple in vivo nerve prepa...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hsu JM,Kang Y,Corty MM,Mathieson D,Peters OM,Freeman MR

更新日期：2020-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Asymmetric Ca(2+) elevations across the axonal growth cone mediate its turning responses to attractive and repulsive guidance cues. Here we show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis acts downstream of Ca(2+) signals as driving machinery for growth cone turning. In dorsal root ganglion neurons, the formation of clathrin-...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Tojima T,Itofusa R,Kamiguchi H

更新日期：2010-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Anteroposterior (AP) patterning in the vertebrate hindbrain is dependent upon the establishment of segmental domains of Hox expression. We investigated the mechanism that governs the early expression of Hoxb4 and found that transient signaling from the paraxial mesoderm induces expression in the hindbrain. Induction i...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Gould A,Itasaki N,Krumlauf R

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemokine Cxcl12 binds Cxcr4 and Cxcr7 receptors to control cell migration in multiple biological contexts, including brain development, leukocyte trafficking, and tumorigenesis. Both receptors are expressed in the CNS, but how they cooperate during migration has not been elucidated. Here, we used the migration of...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sánchez-Alcañiz JA,Haege S,Mueller W,Pla R,Mackay F,Schulz S,López-Bendito G,Stumm R,Marín O

更新日期：2011-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual cortex represents stimuli through the activity of neuronal populations. We measured the evolution of this activity in space and time by imaging voltage-sensitive dyes in cat area V1. Contrast-reversing stimuli elicit responses that oscillate at twice the stimulus frequency, indicating that signals originate...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Benucci A,Frazor RA,Carandini M

更新日期：2007-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are membrane spanning proteins with intrinsic kinase activity. Although these receptors are known to be involved in proliferation and differentiation of cells, their roles in regulating central synaptic transmission are largely unknown. In CA1 pyramidal neurons, activation of D2 class ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kotecha SA,Oak JN,Jackson MF,Perez Y,Orser BA,Van Tol HH,MacDonald JF

更新日期：2002-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is expressed at high levels in hippocampal neurons, and its expression is modulated by neural activity. Knockout mice can be used to study the roles of molecules like BDNF in synaptic plasticity with more molecular specificity than is possible using pharmacological approaches. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Patterson SL,Abel T,Deuel TA,Martin KC,Rose JC,Kandel ER

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A meta-analysis of non-human primates performing three different tasks (Object-Match, Category-Match, and Category-Saccade associations) revealed signatures of explicit and implicit learning. Performance improved equally following correct and error trials in the Match (explicit) tasks, but it improved more after corre...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Loonis RF,Brincat SL,Antzoulatos EG,Miller EK

更新日期：2017-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study utilized event-related fMRI to address the role of the human perirhinal cortex (PRC), and its interactions with the hippocampus, in memory consolidation. Participants encoded object-based and scene-based associations and then restudied them either after a "long" or "short" delay during which consolid...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Vilberg KL,Davachi L

更新日期：2013-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryonic basal ganglia generates multiple projection neurons and interneuron subtypes from distinct progenitor domains. Combinatorial interactions of transcription factors and chromatin are thought to regulate gene expression. In the medial ganglionic eminence, the NKX2-1 transcription factor controls regional id...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sandberg M,Flandin P,Silberberg S,Su-Feher L,Price JD,Hu JS,Kim C,Visel A,Nord AS,Rubenstein JLR

更新日期：2016-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mapping of the chromosomal location of genes essential for sweet and bitter taste and identification of the relevant G protein-coupled receptors reveals unanticipated complexity in taste signaling pathways. The distribution of sweet and bitter receptors suggests complete cellular segregation of these taste modalities....

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Lewcock JW,Reed RR

更新日期：2001-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the neural basis of adaptation (repetition suppression) is critical for interpreting fMRI-adaptation experiments. Sawamura and colleagues provide a critical stepping-stone by elucidating the relation between neural adaptation and response selectivity. They find some cross-adaptation by two different stim...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Grill-Spector K

更新日期：2006-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We used the cerebellum as a model to study the morphogenetic and cellular processes underlying the formation of elaborate brain structures from a simple neural tube, using an inducible genetic fate mapping approach in mouse. We demonstrate how a 90 degrees rotation between embryonic days 9 and 12 converts the rostral-...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Sgaier SK,Millet S,Villanueva MP,Berenshteyn F,Song C,Joyner AL

更新日期：2005-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine in the brain alters neuronal excitability, influences synaptic transmission, induces synaptic plasticity, and coordinates firing of groups of neurons. As a result, it changes the state of neuronal networks throughout the brain and modifies their response to internal and external inputs: the classical rol...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Picciotto MR,Higley MJ,Mineur YS

更新日期：2012-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The neonatal mammal faces an array of sensory stimuli when diverse neuronal types have yet to form sensory maps. How these inputs interact with intrinsic neuronal activity to facilitate circuit assembly is not well understood. By using longitudinal calcium imaging in unanesthetized mouse pups, we show that layer I (LI...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Che A,Babij R,Iannone AF,Fetcho RN,Ferrer M,Liston C,Fishell G,De Marco García NV

更新日期：2018-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The fields of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) have a long and intertwined history. In more recent times, however, communication and collaboration between the two fields has become less commonplace. In this article, we argue that better understanding biological brains could play a vital role in building i...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Hassabis D,Kumaran D,Summerfield C,Botvinick M

更新日期：2017-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioids are commonly used as analgesics for severe pain, but their addictive potential has sparked a misuse epidemic. In this issue of Neuron, Keyes et al. (2020) examine the contributions of distinct paraventricular thalamus (PVT) outputs to contextual opioid memories. They identify a PVT→NAc→LH circuit essential for...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Pribiag H,Lim BK

更新日期：2020-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has hinted that prospective and retrospective coding modes exist in hippocampus. Prospective coding is believed to reflect memory retrieval processes, whereas retrospective coding is thought to be important for memory encoding. Here, we show in rats that separate prospective and retrospective modes exist...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Bieri KW,Bobbitt KN,Colgin LL

更新日期：2014-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Two studies in this issue of Neuron challenge widely held assumptions about the role of positive feedback in recurrent neuronal networks. Goldman shows that such feedback is not necessary for memory maintenance in a neural integrator, and Murphy and Miller show that it is not necessary for amplification of orientation...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Ganguli S,Latham P

更新日期：2009-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Each residue in and flanking the M2 membrane-spanning segment of the alpha subunit, from Glu-241 to Glu-262, was mutated to cysteine, and the mutant subunits were expressed together with wild-type beta, gamma, and delta subunits in Xenopus oocytes. Cysteines substituted for Glu-262, Leu-258, Val-255, Ser-252, Leu-251,...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Akabas MH,Kaufmann C,Archdeacon P,Karlin A

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Huntington's disease-like-2 (HDL2) is a phenocopy of Huntington's disease caused by CTG/CAG repeat expansion at the Junctophilin-3 (JPH3) locus. The mechanisms underlying HDL2 pathogenesis remain unclear. Here we developed a BAC transgenic mouse model of HDL2 (BAC-HDL2) that exhibits progressive motor deficits, select...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Wilburn B,Rudnicki DD,Zhao J,Weitz TM,Cheng Y,Gu X,Greiner E,Park CS,Wang N,Sopher BL,La Spada AR,Osmand A,Margolis RL,Sun YE,Yang XW

更新日期：2011-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the target cell in neurotrophin-induced modifications of glutamatergic synaptic transmission was examined in cultured hippocampal neurons. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induced rapid and persistent potentiation of evoked glutamate release when the postsynaptic neuron was glutamatergic, or excita...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Schinder AF,Berninger B,Poo M

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeostatic signaling systems are thought to interface with the mechanisms of neural plasticity to achieve stable yet flexible neural circuitry. However, the time course, molecular design, and implementation of homeostatic signaling remain poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that a homeostatic increase in presynaptic ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Frank CA,Kennedy MJ,Goold CP,Marek KW,Davis GW

更新日期：2006-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A circadian clock regulates a number of diverse physiological functions in the vertebrate eye. In this study, we show that mRNA for the red-sensitive cone pigment, iodopsin, fluctuates with a circadian rhythm in chicken retina. Transcript levels increase in the late afternoon just prior to the time of cone disc sheddi...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Pierce ME,Sheshberadaran H,Zhang Z,Fox LE,Applebury ML,Takahashi JS

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acquisition of new learning is challenged by the phenomenon of proactive interference (PI), which occurs when previous learning disrupts later learning. Whereas human neuroimaging studies have focused on the cortical contributions to interference resolution, animal studies demonstrate that efficient resolution of PI d...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： De Rosa E,Desmond JE,Anderson AK,Pfefferbaum A,Sullivan EV

更新日期：2004-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The development and homeostasis of neurons relies heavily on the selective targeting of vesicles into axon and dendrites. Microtubule-based motor proteins play an important role in polarized transport; however, the sorting mechanism to exclude dendritic cargo from the axon is unclear. We show that the dynein regulator...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Kuijpers M,van de Willige D,Freal A,Chazeau A,Franker MA,Hofenk J,Rodrigues RJ,Kapitein LC,Akhmanova A,Jaarsma D,Hoogenraad CC

更新日期：2016-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Neuron, Espuny-Camacho et al. (2017) generate a humanized Alzheimer's disease (AD) model that reveals species-specific vulnerability of human neurons to AD pathology. This model provides key insights for disease mechanism and therapeutic discovery for AD. ...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Cahill MK,Huang EJ

更新日期：2017-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The long-term depression (LTD) of parallel fiber (PF) synapses onto Purkinje cells plays a central role in motor learning. Endocannabinoid release and LTD induction both depend upon activation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1, require postsynaptic calcium increases, are synapse specific, and have a simila...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Safo PK,Regehr WG

更新日期：2005-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse vision is based on the parallel output of more than 30 functional types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Little is known about how representations of visual information change between retina and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, the main relay between retina and cortex. Here, we functional...

journal_title：Neuron

authors： Román Rosón M,Bauer Y,Kotkat AH,Berens P,Euler T,Busse L

更新日期：2019-04-17 00:00:00