Abstract：
:Since bipolar disorder is inherently a longitudinal illness characterized by recurrence and cycling of mood episodes, neurobiological theories involving kindlinglike phenomena appear to possess a certain explanatory power. An approach to understanding kindlinglike phenomena at the molecular level has been made possible by advances in research on second-messenger systems in the brain. The time frame of interest has shifted from the microseconds of presynaptic events to hours, days, months, and even years in the longer duration of events beyond the synapse--through second messengers, gene regulation, and synthesis of long-acting trophic factors. These complex interlocking systems may explain how environmental stress could interact over time with genetic vulnerability to produce illness. In its two sections, this paper will review an approach to understanding two major aspects of the neurobiology of bipolar disorder: kindling phenomena and second-messenger mechanisms. We will suggest that these two fields of research together help explain the biology of recurrence.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Ghaemi SN,Boiman EE,Goodwin FKdoi
10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00256-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-15 00:00:00pages
137-44issue
2eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(98)00256-Xjournal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a critical enzyme in deamination of biogenic amines and may be involved in the pathophysiology of major psychosis, including mood disorder and schizophrenia. Recently, evidence for genetic association between the MAO-A gene and bipolar mood disorder was obtained in Caucasians. MET...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00522-2
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine can cause a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurobehavioral complications; however, it is uncertain whether cocaine causes persistent cerebral structural and neurochemical abnormalities in asymptomatic users. We studied 52 African-American men (26 human immunodeficiency virus-negative asymptomatic heavy cocain...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00135-2
更新日期：1997-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional neuroimaging studies have identified multiple nodes of dysfunction in frontostriatal and mesocorticolimbic networks in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Yet relatively few studies have examined how structural and functional connectivity between nodes in these networks might relate to the beha...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.022
更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The uptake of L-tryptophan by chicken erythrocytes is stimulated by the presence of human plasma; however, there is no difference between the stimulation caused by plasmas of normal, chronic hospitalized nonschizophrenic, or chronic hospitalized schizophrenic subjects. Human plasma in general contains a complement-dep...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The etiology of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is unknown, but several neurotransmitters, e.g., acetylcholine, have been implicated. Recently, the group of calcium channel antagonists have been reviewed for their potential neuropsychiatric applications. These agents are capable of enhancing cholinergic tone, neurofilament/...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(90)90050-c
更新日期：1990-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Federal regulations governing human subjects research call for additional protections for the "mentally disabled." However, there is currently no consensus definition of mental disability or guidelines for how these research subjects should be protected. This ambiguity complicates the work of institutional review boar...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00168-7
更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that the nailfold subpapillary plexus visibility score (PVS) may be a marker of susceptibility to schizophrenia. To further investigate this hypothesis, we evaluated plexus visibility in a sample of 61 chronic schizophrenics, a large sample of first-episode psychotic patients and their first-degre...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(92)90231-n
更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This represents the first graph theory-based brain network analysis study in bipolar disorder, a chronic and disabling psychiatric disorder characterized by severe mood swings. Many imaging studies have investigated white matter in bipolar disorder, with results suggesting abnormal white matter structural in...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.09.014
更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Schizophrenics show deficits in sensorimotor gating, as measured by prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (PPI). The goal of this investigation is to further characterize PPI and habituation deficits in schizophrenia, and to examine whether differing subgroups of schizophrenics would show comparable PPI de...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00148-1
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Various abnormalities of thyroid function have been inconsistently reported in major depression. The inconsistency between studies may be due to several factors including the stage of treatment resistance. METHODS:One hundred and one patients with major depressive disorder receiving their first antidepressa...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00340-0
更新日期：1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by deficits in reward sensitivity and response inhibition. The relative contribution of these frontostriatal mechanisms to ADHD symptoms and their genetic determinants is largely unexplored. METHODS:Using functional magnetic resonance imaging ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.03.027
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent research suggests that immune dysregulation in pregnancy could be a risk factor for anxiety and depression symptoms in offspring. Whereas animal studies have demonstrated the importance of the link between perinatal cytokines and abnormal behaviors in offspring, human epidemiological studies in this a...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.10.009
更新日期：2020-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence and role of sleep disorders in the sexual problems of diabetic patients remain unexplored. This study was conducted on 40 diabetic men carefully screened to exclude the confounding effects of other medical illnesses or drugs likely to impair sexual function and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers. They un...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(93)90388-t
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the impact of the cholinesterase inhibitor tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA; tacrine) on sleep in healthy subjects. According to the reciprocal interaction model of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep regulation, which postulates a primary role in cholinergic neurotransmission for th...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00224-3
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixty patients with affective illness were examined by computed tomography (CT) and compared to 60 age- and sex-matched controls. Using three different methods of measurement, no differences in ventricular brain ratio (VBR) between patients and controls could be detected. However, linear ventricular values of the fron...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(87)90124-7
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Consistent with the fetal programming hypothesis, effects of maternal prenatal anxiety have been found to predict various measures of infant temperament in the early postnatal period. In recent years, a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) emerged as a moderator of diverse environmental ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.10.006
更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present paper was to perform a single trial analysis of event-related potentials in order to elucidate the mechanisms behind a reduced P300 amplitude occurring in unmedicated depressives (n = 11) and schizophrenics (n = 18). For this purpose, tools from linear system theory were applied to single trials...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(95)00652-4
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies demonstrate that indirect activation of monoamine receptors by antidepressant treatment increases neurotrophic factors that activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade; however, it is also possible that these monoamine receptors influence the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathwa...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00346-9
更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Elderly depressed patients have more vascular hyperintensities in frontal white matter and basal ganglia than elderly control subjects. Cell pathology that might be related to increased vascular hyperintensities has not been examined. METHODS:Postmortem samples from the orbitofrontal cortex (ORB) were colle...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.013
更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Difficulty with impulse control is heightened in children with a family history of alcohol use disorders and is a risk factor for later substance problems. Cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown altered impulse control processing in adolescents with a positive family history...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.03.005
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychomotor retardation is a frequently observed clinical feature of depressive states. This study attempted to assess the relationship between response slowness and central nervous system (CNS) activity by examining cortical evoked potentials (EPs) during psychomotor task performance. Patients consisted of 21 women w...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(87)90149-1
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies indicate differences between schizophrenics and normals in thickness and overall size of the corpus callosum, particularly in female subjects. The present study compares the area of the corpus callosum as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in men and women experiencing first-episode cases of...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-3223(94)91237-8
更新日期：1994-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is associated with impaired antioxidant defense, including abnormal serum, plasma, and red blood cell (RBC) oxidative stress parameters. We performed a meta-analysis of these associations, considering the effect of clinical status and antipsychotic treatment after an acute exacerbation of psych...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.03.018
更新日期：2013-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuregulin-1 (Nrg1) is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that regulates neural development, and mutation of Nrg1 is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Cleavage of type I β1 Nrg1 isoform by Bace1 releases a secreted N-terminal fragment (Nrg1-ntfβ), which can bind to a cognate ErbB receptor to activate the specif...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.026
更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Panic is characterized as a disorder of interoceptive physiologic hyperarousal, secondary to persistent anticipation of panic attacks. The novel aim of this research was to investigate whether severity of agoraphobia within panic disorder covaries with the intensity of physiological reactions to imagery of p...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.03.005
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal and human studies implicate forebrain neural circuits in maternal behavior. Here, we hypothesized that human brain response to emotional stimuli relevant for social interactions between infants and adults are modulated by sex- and experience-dependent factors. METHODS:We used functional magnetic reso...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00697-8
更新日期：2003-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is a need for improved treatments for ethanol withdrawal in humans. Previously, ethanol withdrawal has been shown to enhance the acoustic startle response in rats. Because many ethanol withdrawal symptoms are caused by autonomic hyperactivity, we examined the effects of two antihypertensives, the imida...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00229-8
更新日期：2000-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Family studies of Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) indicate there is substantial heterogeneity in the familiality of the disorder. This study was done to determine whether there are differences between familial and sporadic probands with early-onset OCD in obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom categories and comorbid ...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.022
更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is uncertain whether the neurobiological abnormalities in schizophrenia emerge at the first episode of the disorder or are present during the prodromal phase. Recent neuroimaging studies indicate that some brain abnormalities are present in subjects at ultra-high-risk (UHR) for schizophrenia. Pre-attentiv...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.12.024
更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis remains the most widely used illicit substance by adolescents and is typically consumed by this population in the context of ongoing tobacco use. Human studies have shown that both cannabis and tobacco exert effects on cognitive function; however, little is known about possible interacting effects o...
journal_title：Biological psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.014
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
