Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Consistent with the fetal programming hypothesis, effects of maternal prenatal anxiety have been found to predict various measures of infant temperament in the early postnatal period. In recent years, a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) emerged as a moderator of diverse environmental influences on different outcomes, with individuals carrying the short allele being generally more vulnerable to adversity. METHODS:We tested whether the association between self-reported maternal anxiety at 20 weeks gestation (Brief Symptom Inventory) and mother-rated infant negative emotionality at 6 months after birth (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) would be moderated by the 5-HTTLPR in a large Dutch cohort sample (n = 1513). We hypothesized that infants carrying the 5-HTTLPR short allele would be more susceptible and therefore more affected by both low and high prenatal maternal anxiety vis-à-vis negative emotionality than other genotypes. RESULTS:Findings of a significant gene × environment interaction (B = .65, p = .01) were supportive of a vulnerability model, with infants carrying the short allele being more negatively emotional when mothers reported anxiety during pregnancy, whereas there was no difference between genotypes on negative emotionality when maternal anxiety was low. CONCLUSIONS:The association between maternal anxiety during pregnancy and negative emotionality in early infancy was significant in infants carrying one or more copies of the short allele but not in those homozygous for the long allele. The 5-HTTLPR short allele might increase vulnerability to adverse environmental influences as early as the fetal period.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Pluess M,Velders FP,Belsky J,van IJzendoorn MH,Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ,Jaddoe VW,Hofman A,Arp PP,Verhulst FC,Tiemeier Hdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.10.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-03-15 00:00:00pages
520-5issue
6eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(10)01062-0journal_volume
69pub_type
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