Abstract:
:Using a recently developed model for in vitro generation of pp65-positive polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs), we demonstrated that PMNLs from immunocompetent subjects may harbor both infectious human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and viral products (pp65, p72, DNA, and immediate-early [IE] and pp67 late mRNAs) as early as 60 min after coculture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) or human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF) infected with a clinical HCMV isolate (VR6110) or other wild-type strains. The number of PMNLs positive for each viral parameter increased with coculture time. Using HELF infected with laboratory-adapted HCMV strains, only very small amounts of viral DNA and IE and late mRNAs were detected in PMNLs. A cellular mRNA, the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mRNA, which is abundantly present in both infected and uninfected HUVEC, was detected in much larger amounts in PMNLs cocultured with VR6110-infected cells than in controls. Coculture of PMNLs with VR6110-infected permissive cells in the presence or absence of RNA, protein, and viral DNA synthesis inhibitors showed that only IE genes were transcribed in PMNLs during coculture. Synthesis of IE transcripts in PMNLs was also supported by the finding that only the copy number of IE mRNA (and not the DNA or the pp67 mRNA) per infected PMNL increased markedly with time, and the pp67 to IE mRNA copy number ratio changed from greater than 10 in infected HUVEC to less than 1 in cocultured PMNLs. Fluorescent probe transfer experiments and electron microscopy studies indicated that transfer of infectious virus and viral products from infected cells to PMNLs is likely to be mediated by microfusion events induced by wild-type strains only. In addition, HCMV pp65 and p72 were both shown to localize in the nucleus of the same PMNLs by double immunostaining. Two different mechanisms may explain the virus presence in PMNLs: (i) one major mechanism consists of transitory microfusion events (induced by wild-type strains only) of HUVEC or HELF and PMNLs with transfer of viable virus and biologically active viral material to PMNLs; and (ii) one minor mechanism, i.e., endocytosis, occurs with both wild-type and laboratory strains and leads to the acquisition of very small amounts of viral nucleic acids. In conclusion, HCMV replicates abortively in PMNLs, and wild-type strains and their products (as well as cellular metabolites and fluorescent dyes) are transferred to PMNLs, thus providing evidence for a potential mechanism of HCMV dissemination in vivo.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Gerna G,Percivalle E,Baldanti F,Sozzani S,Lanzarini P,Genini E,Lilleri D,Revello MGdoi
10.1128/jvi.74.12.5629-5638.2000subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
5629-38issue
12eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus (K-2 strain) was separated into two distinct peaks of optical density by chromatography on calcium phosphate, eluting at 0.17 and 0.31 m, respectively. The virus in these peaks could not be distinguished by infectivity (plaque-forming units), hemagglutinin activity, electron microscopi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.1.2.308-316.1967
更新日期:1967-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We constructed vaccine vectors based on live recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and a Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicon (SFVG) that propagates through expression of the VSV glycoprotein (G). These vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag and Env proteins were used to vaccinate rhesus maca...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00342-11
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli K-12 wild type and a uvrA mutant derivative were used to construct isogenic strains bearing one, two, three, or more phage lambda cI genomes and containing increasing concentration of lambda repressor as measured by in vitro operator DNA-binding assays. The survival and phage induction in response to ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.26.3.595-602.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite intensive study, the mechanism by which many retroviruses complete reverse transcription has remained unclear. Most retroviruses and all lentiviruses fail to synthesize a full-length second strand of the viral cDNA (plus strand) efficiently in infected cells. For human immunodeficiency virus type 1, we find in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.6.3938-3944.1995
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Foreskin is the principal site of heterosexual HIV-1 infection in men. However, little is known about HIV-1-specific immune responses or inflammation in foreskin. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have assessed immune responses to candidate HIV-1 vaccines in foreskin. Using the rhesus monkey ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03771-13
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several different forms of progeny viral DNA can be identified in polyoma virus (Py)-infected mouse L-cells. The majority comprise mature form I superhelical DNA and the circular, double-stranded "theta" replicating intermediates in which the progeny DNA strands never exceed the unit genome length of the template. The...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.46.3.768-777.1983
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytopathic effect (CPE) seen with some subgroups of avian sarcoma and leukosis virus (ASLV) is associated with viral Env activation of the death-promoting activity of TVB (a tumor necrosis factor receptor-related receptor that is most closely related to mammalian TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand [TRAIL] recep...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.79.13.8243-8248.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the role of host factors during lethal influenza virus infection is critical to deciphering the events that determine the fate of the host. One such factor is encoded by the Mx1 gene, which confers resistance to influenza virus infection. Here, we compared pathology and global gene expression profiles in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.06156-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four mutants of the virulent Mahoney strain of poliovirus were generated by introducing mutations in nucleotides (nt) 128 to 134 of the genome, a region that contains a part of the stem-loop II (SLII) structure located within the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES; nt 120 to 590) (K. Shiroki, T. Ishii, T. Aoki, Y. Ot...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.72.3.2398-2405.1998
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::After rabies virus glycoprotein was treated with CNBr, the peptide mixture was fractionated by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. CNBr-cleaved peptide fragments were resolved into seven peptide bands under reducing conditions and six peptide bands under nonreducing conditions. The i...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.44.2.595-602.1982
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of contiguous 30-bp deletions were introduced into the regions upstream of the p19 and p40 promoters of adeno-associated virus (AAV), and the effects of these deletions on induction of AAV transcription by the rep gene products was evaluated. A novel complementation system was devised for supplying wild-type ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.6.2936-2945.1991
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to clarify antigenic variations among various isolates of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and cross-reactivity among HHV-6, HHV-7, and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in the T-cell immune response, the antigenic specificity of the proliferative response mediated by 232 CD4+ human T-cell clones directed against HHV-6...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.10.6259-6264.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complex evolutionary process of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is marked by a high level of genetic variation. It has been shown that the HIV-1 genome is characterized by variable and more constant regions, unequal nucleotide frequencies, and preference for G-to-A substitutions. However, this knowledg...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.6.4761-4770.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::PEPSCAN analysis has been used to characterize the immunogenic regions of the capsid protein (CP) in virions of plum pox potyvirus (PPV). In addition to the well-known highly immunogenic N- and C-terminal domains of CP, regions within the core domain of the protein have also shown high immunogenicity. Moreover, the N ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.24.12646-12653.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular clones of the subgroup A feline leukemia virus FeLV-A/Glasgow-1 have been obtained. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 3' end of the proviral genome and comparison with the published sequence of FeLV-B/Gardner-Arnstein showed that the most extensive differences are located within the 5' domain of the env ge...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.58.3.825-834.1986
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Airway epithelium is the primary target of many respiratory viruses. However, virus induction and antagonism of host responses by human airway epithelium remains poorly understood. To address this, we developed a model of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection based on well-differentiated pediatric prim...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02119-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During all stages of infection, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) expresses viral microRNAs (miRNAs). There are at least 20 confirmed HSV-1 miRNAs, yet the roles of individual miRNAs in the context of viral infection remain largely uncharacterized. We constructed a recombinant virus lacking the sequences for miR-H1-5p an...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00639-20
更新日期:2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Purified nuclei from polyoma-infected mouse (3T3) cells were found to be greatly reduced in their ability to synthesize viral DNA in vitro when compared with a crude system consisting of an unfractionated hypotonic lysate of the infected cells. The synthetic capacity of the nuclei could be fully reconstituted when a h...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.15.1.97-107.1975
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA product of the endogenously instructed RNA-dependent DNA polymerase reaction of murine sarcoma virus continued to be synthesized for as long as 64 h in the presence of 0.008% Triton X-100. Higher detergent concentrations and actinomycin D inhibited DNA product synthesis. The DNA product from long-term polymera...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.12.5.1049-1064.1973
更新日期:1973-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Identification and characterization of CD8(+) T cells effectively controlling HIV-1 variants are necessary for the development of AIDS vaccines and for studies of AIDS pathogenesis, although such CD8(+) T cells have been only partially identified. In this study, we sought to identify CD8(+) T cells controlli...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00020-15
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite being able to use the Bonzo coreceptor as efficiently as CCR5 in transfected cells, pediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate P6 was unable to replicate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) lacking the CCR5 receptor. Furthermore, its replication in wild-type PBMC was completely inhibited by...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.4.3443-3448.1999
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies showed that establishment of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) latency in vivo is associated with repression of immediate-early gene expression, deacetylation of histones bound to the major immediate-early promoter (MIEP), changes in patterns of methylation of histones, and recruitment of cellular rep...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02380-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new group of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins has recently been identified in the structural proteins encoded by several alphaherpesvirus UL47 genes. Nuclear import and export signals for the bovine herpesvirus type 1 UL47 protein (VP8 or bUL47) have been described previously. Here, we study the trafficking of b...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01322-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::pp60v-src is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase that can transform both chicken and rodent fibroblasts. The src homology 2 (SH2) domain of this protein serves a critical role in the regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity. The host range proteins pp60v-src-L, which contains a deletion of a highly conserved r...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.7267-7274.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::NYVAC has been engineered as a safe, attenuated vaccinia virus (VV) vector for use in vaccination against a broad spectrum of pathogens and tumors. Due to the interest in NYVAC-based vectors as vaccines and current phase I/II clinical trials with this vector, there is a need to analyze the human host response to NYVAC...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.2.985-998.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not known, several factors play a role in this disease: genetic contributions, immunologic elements, and environmental factors. Viruses and virus infections have been associated with the initiation and/or enhancement of exacerbations in MS. Theiler's murine encephalo...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.2.993-1000.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incorporation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope proteins into vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) particles was studied in a system that allows expressed envelope proteins to rescue phenotypically a temperature-sensitive mutant of VSV (tsO45). This mutant exhibits defective transport of its own enve...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.1.360-365.1993
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::n-(n-Nonyl)-deoxygalactonojirimycin (n,n-DGJ), an alkylated imino sugar, reduces the amount of HBV DNA produced within the stably transfected HBV-producing HepG2.2.15 line in culture and is under consideration for development as a human therapeutic. n,n-DGJ does not appear to inhibit HBV DNA polymerase activity or env...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.22.11933-11940.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selecting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sequences for inclusion within vaccines has been a difficult problem, as circulating HIV strains evolve relentlessly and become increasingly divergent over time. We report an assessment of this divergence from three perspectives: (i) across different hosts as a function of ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.80.4.1637-1644.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of six monoclonal antibody-resistant (mar) mutants in herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein B identified two type-common (II and III) and two type-specific (I and IV) antigenic sites on this molecule. To derive additional information on the location of these sites, mar mutations were mapped and nucleotide ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.2.730-738.1989
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00