Abstract：
:The ClyA protein is a pore-forming cytotoxin expressed by Escherichia coli and some other enterobacteria. It confers cytotoxic activity toward mammalian cells, but it has remained unknown how ClyA is surface exposed and exported from bacterial cells. Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) released from the bacteria were shown to contain ClyA protein. ClyA formed oligomeric pore assemblies in the OMVs, and the cytotoxic activity toward mammalian cells was considerably higher than that of ClyA protein purified from the bacterial periplasm. The redox status of ClyA correlated with its ability to form the oligomeric pore assemblies. In bacterial cells with a defective periplasmic disulphide oxidoreductase system, the ClyA protein was phenotypically expressed in a constitutive manner. The results define a vesicle-mediated transport mechanism in bacteria, and our findings show that the localization of proteins to OMVs directly may contribute to the activation and delivery of pathogenic effector proteins.
journal_name
Celljournal_title
Cellauthors
Wai SN,Lindmark B,Söderblom T,Takade A,Westermark M,Oscarsson J,Jass J,Richter-Dahlfors A,Mizunoe Y,Uhlin BEdoi
10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00754-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-03 00:00:00pages
25-35issue
1eissn
0092-8674issn
1097-4172pii
S0092867403007542journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CELL文献大全abstract：:Prions have been responsible for an entire century of tragic episodes. Fifty years ago, kuru decimated the population of Papua New Guinea. Then, iatrogenic transmission of prions caused more than 250 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. More recently, transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy to humans caused a ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(03)01031-6
更新日期：2004-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Compared to sperm nuclei, nuclei from adult somatic cells replicate inefficiently in frog egg extract. In this issue of Cell, Lemaitre et al. (2005) show that pre-exposure of erythrocyte nuclei to a mitotic extract removes this difference, reorganizes the chromatin into shorter loops, and allows replication at much sh...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2005.11.008
更新日期：2005-12-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy (literally self-eating) has diverse cytoprotective functions but also is linked to programmed cell death (PCD). In this issue, Qu et al. (2007) analyze the role of autophagy in PCD during development. Unexpectedly they find that autophagy induces apoptotic cells to present a signal to ensure their clearance,...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.023
更新日期：2007-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Balancing the capacity for protein maturation with changes in protein flux through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for maintaining ER homeostasis. In this issue, Merksamer et al. (2008) exploit a redox-sensitive fluorescent protein to monitor the environment inside the ER of living yeast, illuminating how th...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2008.11.004
更新日期：2008-11-28 00:00:00
abstract：:We have determined the high resolution crystal structure of the A domain from the alpha chain of integrin CR3. The domain adopts a classic alpha/beta "Rossmann" fold and contains an unusual Mg2+ coordination site at its surface. One of the coordinating ligands is the glutamate side chain from another A domain molecule...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(95)90517-0
更新日期：1995-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA repair is an essential process for preserving genome integrity in all organisms. In eukaryotes, recombinational repair is choreographed by multiprotein complexes that are organized into centers (foci). Here, we analyze the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and replication stress in Saccharomyces...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2004.08.015
更新日期：2004-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In this issue of Cell, Korber et al. found that a SARS-CoV-2 variant in the spike protein D614G rapidly became dominant around the world. Although clinical and in vitro data suggest that D614G changes the virus phenotype, the impact of the mutation on transmission, disease, and vaccine and therapeutic development are ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.040
更新日期：2020-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1981, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) appeared insidiously and mystified doctors and scientists alike. No one could have predicted then that it would become, arguably, the worst plague in human history. Today, 33 million persons are living with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2008.05.003
更新日期：2008-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Use-dependent synapse remodeling is thought to provide a cellular mechanism for encoding durable memories, yet whether activity triggers an actual structural change has remained controversial. We use photoconductive stimulation to demonstrate activity-dependent morphological synaptic plasticity by video imaging of GFP...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00579-7
更新日期：2001-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular ras activity has been neutralized in 3T3 cells by microinjection of a specific anti-ras monoclonal antibody. The injected antibody efficiently inhibited proliferation in cells treated with a phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore, or with prostaglandin F2 alpha. These treatments were designed to imitate the ac...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(88)90531-4
更新日期：1988-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The replication initiator protein of the plasmid R6K binds to seven contiguous 22 bp direct repeats that form an indispensable part of the three replication origins alpha, beta, and gamma. Binding of the initiator to the direct repeats induced a marked bending of the region of gamma replication origin. Binding of the ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(85)90023-6
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the ciliated protozoan Paramecium tetraurelia, Piwi-associated small RNAs are generated upon the elimination of tens of thousands of short transposon-derived DNA segments as part of development. These RNAs then target complementary DNA for elimination in a positive feedback process, contributing to germline defense...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.020
更新日期：2017-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The organization of neuronal systems is often dependent on activity and competition between cells. In olfaction, the X-linked OCNC1 channel subunit is subject to random inactivation and is essential for odorant-evoked activity. Reporter-tagged OCNC1 mutant mice permit the visualization of OCNC1-deficient olfactory neu...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00262-8
更新日期：2001-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:T lymphocyte selection and lineage commitment in the thymus requires multiple signals. Herein, CD4+ T cell generation required engagement of CD83, a surface molecule expressed by thymic epithelial and dendritic cells. CD83-deficient (CD83-/-) mice had a specific block in CD4+ single-positive thymocyte development with...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00673-6
更新日期：2002-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Ku is a heterodimeric DNA end binding complex composed of 70 and 86 kDa subunits. Here, we show that Ku86 is essential for normal V(D)J recombination in vivo, as Ku86-deficient mice are severely defective for formation of coding joints. Unlike severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice, Ku86-deficient mice are also d...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80111-7
更新日期：1996-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Signaling by TGF beta-related factors requires ligand-induced association between type I and type II transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. In Drosophila, the saxophone (sax) and thick veins (tkv) genes encode type I receptors that mediate signaling by decapentaplegic (dpp), a member of the bone morphogenetic protein...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(95)90293-7
更新日期：1995-03-24 00:00:00
abstract：:During HIV infection, the timing of opportunistic infections is not always associated with severity of CD4 T cell depletion, and different opportunistic pathogens reactivate at different CD4 T cell thresholds. Here, we examine how differences in the phenotype and function of pathogen-specific CD4 T cells influence sus...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.045
更新日期：2013-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonapoptotic forms of cell death may facilitate the selective elimination of some tumor cells or be activated in specific pathological states. The oncogenic RAS-selective lethal small molecule erastin triggers a unique iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death that we term ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is dependent up...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.042
更新日期：2012-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The differentiation of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) is essential to the remarkable microanatomic plasticity of lymphoid follicles. Here we show that FDC arise from ubiquitous perivascular precursors (preFDC) expressing platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ). PDGFRβ-Cre-driven reporter gene recombinatio...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.032
更新日期：2012-07-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein-DNA binding is mediated by the recognition of the chemical signatures of the DNA bases and the 3D shape of the DNA molecule. Because DNA shape is a consequence of sequence, it is difficult to dissociate these modes of recognition. Here, we tease them apart in the context of Hox-DNA binding by mutating residues...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2015.02.008
更新日期：2015-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound sensors that detect and respond to microbial infection. Two studies in Cell, one in this issue, reveal how TLRs recognize their ligands. Kim et al. (2007) recently reported the structure of TLR4 bound to the accessory protein MD-2 and its antagonist, the drug eritoran. In ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.009
更新日期：2007-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma brucei expresses variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes in a strictly monoallelic fashion in its mammalian hosts, but it is unclear how this important virulence mechanism is enforced. Telomere position effect, an epigenetic phenomenon, has been proposed to play a critical role in VSG regulation, yet no t...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.037
更新日期：2009-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Using positional cloning strategies, we have identified a CTG triplet repeat that undergoes expansion in myotonic dystrophy patients. This sequence is highly variable in the normal population. PCR analysis of the interval containing this repeat indicates that unaffected individuals have been 5 and 27 copies. Myotonic ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(92)90154-5
更新日期：1992-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in gurken and torpedo cause a ventralization in the follicle cell epithelium during Drosophila oogenesis and in the pattern of the embryo that develops in the resultant egg. Both genes lie midway in an epistatic series between fs(1)K10 and dorsal; the mutations block the dorsalization normally observed in K1...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(87)90546-0
更新日期：1987-06-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The human epsilon-globin gene has a number of alternative transcription-initiation sites located upstream of the canonical mRNA cap site. In three nonerythroid cell lines, "leaky" epsilon-globin transcription occurs exclusively from one of these upstream sites, the -200 cap site. Using a transient expression assay, we...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(84)90495-1
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The achaete-scute gene complex (AS-C), involved in differentiation of the sensory chaetes of D. melanogaster, and the yellow locus have been cloned. The yellow locus is the most distal and is followed, proximally, by the achaete and the scute loci. In the scute locus (75 kb), three transcription units separated by lon...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(85)90147-3
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe genetic and physical characterization of rearrangements of chromosome III which result in changes of cell type in S. cerevisiae. Two types of rearrangements were obtained as rare events which caused a change at the locus controlling cell type, MAT, associated with a recessive lethal mutation, in one case f...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(79)90050-3
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroinflammation is being increasingly recognized as a potential mediator of cognitive impairments in various neurological conditions. Habbas et al. demonstrate that the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha signals through astrocytes to alter synaptic transmission and impair cognition in a mouse mode...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.001
更新日期：2015-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular receptors are required for efficient entry of retroviruses into cells. We previously cloned a chicken gene responsible for susceptibility to the retrovirus subgroup A Rous sarcoma virus (RSV(A)). Here we have isolated the quail homolog and generated two alternatively spliced processed genes encoding cellular ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0092-8674(93)90726-7
更新日期：1993-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacteria and archaea have evolved sophisticated adaptive immune systems that reply on CRISPR loci and a diverse cassette of Cas genes that are classified into three main types and at least eleven subtypes. All CRISPR-Cas immune systems operate through three main stages: acquisition, biogenesis, and interference. This ...
journal_title：Cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cell.2015.09.011
更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00
