Abstract:
:Comparatively high exposures to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields produce established biological effects that are explained by accepted mechanisms and that form the basis of exposure guidelines. Lower exposures to magnetic fields (< 1 microT average in the home) are classified as "possibly carcinogenic" on the basis of epidemiological studies of childhood leukemia. This classification takes into consideration largely negative laboratory data. Lack of biophysical mechanisms operating at such low levels also argues against causality. We survey around 20 biophysical mechanisms that have been proposed to explain effects at such low levels, with particular emphasis on plausibility: the principle that to produce biological effects, a mechanism must produce a "signal" larger than the "noise" that exists naturally. Some of the mechanisms are impossible, and some require specific conditions for which there is limited or no evidence as to their existence in a way that would make them relevant to human exposure. Others are predicted to become plausible above some level of field. We conclude that effects below 5 microT are implausible. At about 50 microT, no specific mechanism has been identified, but the basic problem of implausibility is removed. Above about 500 microT, there are established or likely effects from accepted mechanisms. The absence of a plausible biophysical mechanism at lower fields cannot be taken as proof that health effects of environmental electric and magnetic fields are impossible. Nevertheless, it is a relevant consideration in assessing the overall evidence on these fields.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Swanson J,Kheifets Ldoi
10.1667/rr3522.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-04-01 00:00:00pages
470-8issue
4eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR3522journal_volume
165pub_type
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Radiation research
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/rr3053
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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