Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:There are some common occupational agents and exposure circumstances for which evidence of carcinogenicity is substantial but not yet conclusive for humans. Our objectives were to identify research gaps and needs for 20 agents prioritized for review based on evidence of widespread human exposures and potential carcinogenicity in animals or humans. DATA SOURCES:For each chemical agent (or category of agents), a systematic review was conducted of new data published since the most recent pertinent International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph meeting on that agent. DATA EXTRACTION:Reviewers were charged with identifying data gaps and general and specific approaches to address them, focusing on research that would be important in resolving classification uncertainties. An expert meeting brought reviewers together to discuss each agent and the identified data gaps and approaches. DATA SYNTHESIS:Several overarching issues were identified that pertained to multiple agents; these included the importance of recognizing that carcinogenic agents can act through multiple toxicity pathways and mechanisms, including epigenetic mechanisms, oxidative stress, and immuno- and hormonal modulation. CONCLUSIONS:Studies in occupational populations provide important opportunities to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous agents cause cancer and intervene to prevent human exposure and/or prevent or detect cancer among those already exposed. Scientific developments are likely to increase the challenges and complexities of carcinogen testing and evaluation in the future, and epidemiologic studies will be particularly critical to inform carcinogen classification and risk assessment processes.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Ward EM,Schulte PA,Straif K,Hopf NB,Caldwell JC,Carreón T,DeMarini DM,Fowler BA,Goldstein BD,Hemminki K,Hines CJ,Pursiainen KH,Kuempel E,Lewtas J,Lunn RM,Lynge E,McElvenny DM,Muhle H,Nakajima T,Robertson LW,Rothmadoi
10.1289/ehp.0901828subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-10-01 00:00:00pages
1355-62issue
10eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
118pub_type
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Organophosphates in increasing amounts and wider varieties of molecular structure are being used to replace the organochlorine pesticides. It has been assumed that the organophosphates as a class would have a minimal chronic toxicity due to rapid hydrolysis and an unfavorable partitioning as regards to lipids. The phy...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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