Abstract：
:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination. Currently, the cause of MS is unknown. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most common mouse model of MS. Treatments with the sex hormones, estrogens and androgens, are capable of offering disease protection during EAE and are currently being used in clinical trials of MS. Beyond endogenous estrogens and androgens, treatments with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) are also capable of providing disease protection. This protection includes, but is not limited to, prevention of clinical disease, reduction of CNS inflammation, protection against demyelination, and protection against axonal loss. In EAE, current efforts are focused on using conditional cell specific knockouts of sex hormone receptors to identify the in vivo targets of these estrogens and androgens as well as downstream molecules responsible for disease protection.
journal_name
Front Neuroendocrinoljournal_title
Frontiers in neuroendocrinologyauthors
Spence RD,Voskuhl RRdoi
10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.12.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
105-15issue
1eissn
0091-3022issn
1095-6808pii
S0091-3022(11)00082-3journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Lipids are essential for cellular functioning considering their role in membrane composition, signaling, and energy metabolism. The brain is the second most abundant organ in terms of lipid concentration and diversity only after adipose tissue. However, in the central system (CNS) lipid dysregulation has been linked t...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100899
更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of pituitary adenomas are trophically stable and change relatively little in size over many years. A comparatively small proportion behave more aggressively and come to clinical attention through inappropriate hormone secretion or adverse effects on surrounding structures. True malignant behaviour with me...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0091-3022(03)00012-8
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sex chromosome genes directly influence sex differences in behavior. The discovery of the Sry gene on the Y chromosome (Gubbay et al., 1990; Koopman et al., 1990) substantiated the sex chromosome mechanistic link to sex differences. Moreover, the pronounced connection between X chromosome gene mutations and mental ill...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.12.004
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some 10 years have elapsed since inhibins were first isolated from ovarian follicular fluid and characterized as disulphide-linked dimeric glycoproteins capable of selectively suppressing the synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by pituitary gonadotropes. There have been numerous surprises sub...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1996.0013
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) regulate social behavior by binding to their canonical receptors, the vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR) and oxytocin receptor (OTR), respectively. Recent studies suggest that these neuropeptides may also signal via each other's receptors. The extent to which such cross-system signali...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.02.001
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate regulatory control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical stress axis is essential to health and survival. The following review documents the principle extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms responsible for regulating stress-responsive CRH neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which summate...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.07.001
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical introduction of octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog, has opened a new era in the medical therapy of patients with growth hormone (GH)- and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-secreting pituitary tumors. Good control of hormonal hypersecretion occurred in most patients, and tumor shrinkage has been obs...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1993.1002
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tumour microenvironment (TME) includes a variety of non-neoplastic cells and non-cellular elements such as cytokines, growth factors and enzymes surrounding tumour cells. The TME emerged as a key modulator of tumour initiation, progression and invasion, with extensive data available in many cancers, but little is ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100852
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trans-generational epigenetic phenomena, such as contamination with endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that decrease fertility and the global methylation status of DNA in the offspring, are of great concern because they may affect health, particularly the health of children. However, of even greater concern is the ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.12.004
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal and human studies provide evidence that exposure to the endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC), bisphenol A (BPA), can lead to neurobehavioral disorders. Consequently, there is an impetus to identify safer alternatives to BPA. Three bisphenol compounds proposed as potential safer alternatives to BPA are bisphenol ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.08.001
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental studies of hormones and behavior often include littermates-rodent siblings that share early-life experiences and genes. Due to between-litter variation (i.e., litter effects), the statistical assumption of independent observations is untenable. In two literatures-natural variation in maternal care and pr...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.08.003
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by loss of control over intake and dysregulation of stress-related brain emotional systems. Since the discovery by Wylie Vale and his colleagues of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and the structurally-related urocortins, CRF systems have emerged as ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.01.001
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroscientists are likely to discover new sex differences in the coming years, spurred by the National Institutes of Health initiative to include both sexes in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in the mammalia...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.01.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To cope with variations in the environment, most mammalian species exhibit seasonal cycles in physiology and behaviour. Seasonal plasticity during the lifetime contributes to seasonal physiology. Over the years, our ideas regarding adult brain plasticity and, more specifically, hypothalamic plasticity have greatly evo...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.11.004
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 37-kDa corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) binding protein (CRF-BP) was purified from human plasma by repeated affinity purification and subsequently sequenced and cloned. The human and rat CRF-BP cDNAs encode proteins of 322 amino acids with one putative signal sequence, one N-glycosylation site, and 10 conserved ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1995.1013
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune system and the hypothalamic-pituitary (H-P) axis are functionally connected, so that exposure to antigens elicits a coordinated response which allows the organism to successfully withstand immunologic challenges. An important feature of this bilateral communication is the appearance of proteins released int...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1995.1005
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to fulfill their roles in neuroendocrine regulation, specific hypothalamic neurons are devoted to produce and deliver biologically active peptides to the pituitary gland. The biosynthesis and release of peptides are strictly controlled by afferents to these hypothalamic neurons. Cell-specific expression and b...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0091-3022(02)00005-5
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidemic of opioid use disorder (OUD) directly affects millions of women of child-bearing age. Unfortunately, parenting behaviors - among the most important processes for human survival - are vulnerable to the effects of OUD. The standard of care for pregnant women with OUD is opioid maintenance therapy (OMT), of ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100766
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapidly growing body of evidence reveals that complex networks of communication exist between the neuroendocrine and the immune systems. Essential to the maintenance and function of the immune-endocrine circuitry are an array of chemical mediators produced by cells of the immune and endocrine systems. Cytokines are ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1995.1001
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extraction of cortisol from fingernails represents a recent advancement in the retrospective, long-term assessment of hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis activity: Fingernail cortisol has the potential to overcome some of the major disadvantages of established HPA axis markers. However, the introduction of an...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100855
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter is based on the Geoffrey Harris Memorial Lecture presented at the 8th International Congress of Neuroendocrinology, which was held in Sydney, August 2014. It provides the development of our understanding of the neuroendocrine control of puberty since Harris proposed in his 1955 monograph (Harris, 1955) th...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2015.04.002
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on cognition, mood, and the brain. However, exercise also activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and increases levels of the glucocorticoid cortisol (CORT). CORT, also known as the "stress hormone," is considered a mediator between chronic stress and depression a...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.12.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review examines recent advances in the study of the behavioral responses to deficits of body water and body sodium that in humans are accompanied by the sensations of thirst and salt appetite. Thirst and salt appetite are satisfied by ingesting water and salty substances. These behavioral responses to losses of b...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1997.0153
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian circadian timing system is organized in a hierarchy, with the master clock residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and subsidiary peripheral clocks in other brain regions as well as peripheral tissues. Since the local oscillators in most cells contain a similar molecular makeup ...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.07.003
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The area postrema (AP) has been implicated as a chemoreceptor trigger zone for vomiting (emesis) for over 40 years. The AP is located on the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata at the caudal end of the fourth ventricle. It is one of the so-called circumventricular organs that serve as an interface between the brai...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1994.1012
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two different approaches have been utilized to study the controlling mechanisms that underlie the generation and entrainment of circadian rhythms in mammals. The use of specific drugs to alter the period and/or the phase of circadian rhythms has provided new insights into both the pathways by which environmental infor...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1995.1007
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various forms of early life adversity (ELA) have been linked with increased risk for negative health outcomes, including neuropsychiatric disorders. Understanding how the complex interplay between types, timing, duration, and severity of ELA, together with individual differences in genetic, socio-cultural, and physiol...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100768
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The maternal microbiota is positioned to regulate the development of offspring immunity, metabolism, as well as brain function and behavior. The mechanisms by which maternal microbial signals drive these processes are beginning to be elucidated. In this review, we provide a brief overview on the importance of the micr...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.100797
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal vasculature is responsible for the maintenance of reproductive function. Levels of GnRH decapeptide available for this process can be regulated at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. In the immortalized neuro...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.1996.0149
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insight into the mechanisms of action of neurotrophic growth factors has been obtained through the identification and characterization of gene products that are regulated or modified at the transcriptional, translational, and/or posttranslational level in response to neurotrophin treatment. VGF (non-acronymic) was ide...
journal_title：Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/frne.2000.0199
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
