Abstract:
:Schizophrenia is considered to be of the severe psychiatric disorders characterized by chronic debilitating course marked with frequent relapses and high clinical and financial burden. Aberrations of thyroid hormone levels have been documented in several psychiatric conditions including bipolar disease. The aim of this study is to provide insight into whether an association exists between hypothyroidism and schizophrenia. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using data retrieved from the largest medical records database in Israel, the Clalit Health Services (CHS). Patients were defined as having hypothyroidism or schizophrenia when there was at least one such documented diagnosis in their medical records. The proportion of schizophrenia was compared between hypothyroid and age- and sex frequency-matched healthy controls. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between psychiatric manifestations and hypothyroidism in a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, and smoking status. The study included 40,843 patients with hypothyroidism and 40,918 age- and sex frequency-matched controls. The proportion of schizophrenia in hypothyroid patients was higher than that in controls (2.01% vs. 1.25%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated a robust independent association between hypothyroidism and schizophrenia (OR 1.62, p ≤ 0.001). Our study confirms a higher proportion of hypothyroidism among patients with schizophrenia. The awareness of such interrelation should drive physicians treating patients with schizophrenia to consider screening for hypothyroidism. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanism or the common denominator favoring the co-occurrence of schizophrenia and hypothyroidism.
journal_name
Immunol Resjournal_title
Immunologic researchauthors
Sharif K,Tiosano S,Watad A,Comaneshter D,Cohen AD,Shoenfeld Y,Amital Hdoi
10.1007/s12026-018-9030-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-01 00:00:00pages
663-667issue
6eissn
0257-277Xissn
1559-0755pii
10.1007/s12026-018-9030-7journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Host defense of the lung is characterized by a fine balance between the generation of a vigorous inflammatory response to clear pathogens and maintenance of the integrity of the alveolar gas-exchange surface. The magnitude of the inflammatory response is therefore tightly regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytoki...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02786504
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human α-fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51) is an enzyme (hydrolase) of particular biological and medical interest, as the inherited deficiency in its activity leads to fucosidosis, a pathology belonging to severe glycoprotein lysosomal storage disorders. Although its importance has increased in latest years, data about its plas...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8943-x
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased numbers of CD8+CD28neg. T cells have been detected in the peripheral blood of patients with several types of malignancies. However, the role of these cells in anticancer immunity are not yet clear and CD8+CD28neg. T cells are a controversially discussed subpopulation reported both as immunosuppressive and cy...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8976-1
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upon entry to the systemic circulation, neutrophils exhibit a short mean time to cell death. The viability of most cell types in a steady state is preserved by the interplay of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, wherein the anti-apoptotic members inhibit the action of their pro-apoptotic counterparts. Neutrophils, however,...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-015-8655-z
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The key role of T cells in hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination and the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to induce antiviral T cell responses suggest that DC vaccines could be a promising approach in the treatment of chronic HCV infection. The aim of our study was to evaluate, whether immunotherapy with DCs is safe and...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8967-2
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consideration of the pathophysiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse can be viewed from a temporal perspective. We argue that there are discontinuous phases and each phase may reflect a phenotype educed by a particular set of genetic and epigenetic events. Therefore, tempora...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02786358
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of the mouse eye results in an impressive inflammatory response culminating in the death of the animal or the establishment of a "latent" infection depending on a number of ill-defined variables that include components of the innate and adaptive immune system. The application of t...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1385/IR:30:2:191
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With several different CAR T cell therapies under advanced phases of clinical trials, and the first FDA-approved CAR treatments in 2017 (Yescarta and Kymriah), CAR T cell therapy has become one of the most promising therapies for the treatment of certain types of cancer. This success has bred an opportunity to optimiz...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-020-09119-7
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our laboratory we study the mechanisms by which the immune system controls viral infection and by which viruses evade immune control. To study issues at this interface between virology and immunology, we work from the hypothesis that viruses manipulate the immune response as the immune response attempts to eradicat...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:32:1-3:293
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) performs a major role in antigen processing, trimming N-terminally extended peptides to the final epitope for presentation by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SN...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-014-8576-2
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gender has long been known to be a contributory factor in the incidence and progression of disorders associated with immune system dysregulation. More recently, evidence has accumulated that gender may also play an important role in infectious disease susceptibility. In general, females generate more robust and potent...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:34:3:177
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation-induced cell death (AICD) has been demonstrated in T-cell hybridomas, immature thymocytes, and activated mature T cells. However, the molecular mechanisms of AICD and its physiological role in T-helper-cell differentiation remain uncertain. Recently, we have shown that Th1 and Th2 cells have distinct mechan...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:28:3:285
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The erbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases are growth factor receptors that are overexpressed or mutated in a large variety of human cancers. Studies of erbB-mediated signal transduction will lead to an understanding of the role played by this family of receptors in normal and transformed cells. In this article, we ...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02786443
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of gamma/delta T cells in immunity to bacterial infection and control of inflammation is discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the use of murine models in which various aspects of immune function can be monitored in the absence of gamma/delta T cells. Issues discussed include the response to and control of...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/ir:29:1-3:293
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two-signal model of T cell activation states that antigen recognition by TCR provides a tolerogenic signal (termed Signal 1) unless the T cell receives simultaneous costimulation (Signal 2) that permits antigen recognition to prime activation. Our efforts to characterize genetic and biochemical factors resulting f...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-009-8147-0
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neonate has an increased susceptibility to infection, in part owing to an inability to produce antibody to thymus-independent antigens such as bacterial polysaccharides (PS). This poor response to PS antigens is likely owing to multiple factors. Neonatal B cells are of an immature phenotype, as evidenced by cell-s...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:31:1:25
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-2 (IL-2), secreted principally by activated helper T-cells, plays a pivotal role in the generation and regulation of the immune response. The various biologic functions of IL-2 have been the focus of intensive study over the years and have been well worked out. By contrast, an understanding of the intracel...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02786399
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development can occur by either instructive or stochastic processes. My colleagues and I have studied the contributions of these processes to differentiation of naïve CD4+ T-cells to either a Th1 or Th2 phenotype. Our initial discovery that pathogens in our in vitro priming system led to the development of Th1 cells t...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:32:1-3:193
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to examine the role and mechanism of interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing regulatory B cells (B10 cells) in the pathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN). We examined the percentage of B10 cells, CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells, CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells, Th17 cells, and T regulat...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-016-8877-8
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer cells play a major role in innate immunity against tumor and virus-infected cells. NK cells express activating and inhibitory receptors to regulate their function. It has been established that modulation in the NK cell receptor profile results in altered function of NK cell against target cells. Here, w...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8982-3
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor Blimp-1 is necessary for the B cell differentiation toward immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. However, the immunopathological mechanisms of Blimp-1 that regulates B cell differentiation remain unclear in MG. The purpose of this study was to perform a quantitative and functional analysis of...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-020-09164-2
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The etiology of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and localized PAN, including cutaneous arteritis (CA), remains unknown; however, initial endothelial damage has been implicated. The intima of the vasculitis lesions is predominantly infiltrated by innate-like bystander-activated CD8 T cells, in addition to the macrophages. M...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-020-09140-w
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, there has been a profound change in autoimmune diagnostics. From long, tiring and inaccurate manual methods, the art of diagnostics has turned to modern, rapid and automated technology. New antibody tests have been developed, and almost all autoimmune diseases now have some specific diagnostic markers...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-014-8587-z
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::About one half of circulating human B cells express the Leu-8 peripheral lymph node homing receptor that has been implicated in adhesion of lymphocytes and neutrophils to vascular endothelium. A novel and unique function of the Leu-8 antigen has been found in the present study: anti-Leu-8 monoclonal antibody directly ...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02919739
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in molecular medicine have shown that soluble MHC-multimers can be valuable tools for both analysis and modulation of antigen-specific immune responses in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we describe the use of dimeric human and mouse major histocompatibility complexes, MHC-Ig, as part of an artifici...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-009-8156-z
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated nitro-oxidative stress in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in association with disease activity, immune-inflammatory biomarkers, and adhesion molecules. Two-hundred-four patients with SLE and 256 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this case-control study, which measured nitro-o...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8960-9
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our laboratory has studied the molecular basis of T helper cell differentiation. We have used reporter transgenic mice, selective hybridization techniques, and studies of cell signaling to show that a complex pattern of gene expression is reprogrammed as the decision is made to become either a Th1 or Th2 cell. Many of...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF02786484
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a nonacute transforming retrovirus that causes mammary tumors in susceptible strains of mice. Upon milk-borne transmission, B cells in the gut become infected and subsequently present a virus-encoded superantigen to cognate T cells. These T cells become activated and, in turn, stimu...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1385/IR:27:2-3:469
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soybeans are rich in immuno-modulatory isoflavones such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein. These isoflavones are well-known antioxidants, chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory agents. Several epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of traditional soy food containing isoflavones is associated with reduced ...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12026-012-8331-5
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limited protective effects of commercially available vaccines necessitate the development of novel pneumococcal vaccines. We recently reported a pneumococcal systemic vaccine containing two proteins, Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA of family 1 and 2) and a bacterium-like particle-based pneumococcal mucosal vaccin...
journal_title:Immunologic research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12026-019-09107-6
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00