Abstract：
:These experiments examined the neurochemical mechanisms involved in the development and expression of place conditioning produced by heroin. Conditioned place preferences (CPP) lasting up to 8 weeks were obtained with doses of 50-1000 micrograms/kg heroin, using a regimen shown not to produce physical dependence. Naloxone pretreatment (50 micrograms/kg) during conditioning prevented the acquisition of heroin-induced CPP, but when given only on the test day, naloxone (50 or 1000 micrograms/kg) did not prevent the expression of heroin CPP. Clonidine disrupted the establishment of heroin CPP at 20 micrograms/kg, but disrupted its expression only at debilitating doses (100 and 200 micrograms/kg). Pimozide attenuated the acquisition (100 micrograms/kg) and expression (250 micrograms/kg) of heroin CPP. Together, these results support a role for opioid and catecholamine systems in the acquisition of heroin reinforcement, but they suggest that once heroin CPP is established, its expression in opiate-free subjects is not opiate receptor mediated and is relatively refractory to pharmacological treatments which disrupt acquisition. The data challenge the notion that the conditioned effects of opiates in drug-free animals are related to the release of endogenous opioids, and they also may help to explain why naloxone and clonidine are ineffective in the treatment of opiate addiction.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Hand TH,Stinus L,Le Moal Mdoi
10.1007/BF00442007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
61-7issue
1eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE:The elevated plus-maze and the light/dark box are two established anxiety tests in rodents, which are useful to screen putative anxiogenic effects of drugs. OBJECTIVE:Caffeine is well known to promote anxious behaviour in humans and animal models, but the precise site of action of the drug is still a matter ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050037
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between nicotine yield as determined by the FTC method and nicotine absorption was examined in 72 smokers in a more rigorous repetition of a previous study of 33 smokers. For this study, 113 smokers evenly distributed across four FTC "tar" yield ranges were recruited, only 72 demonstrated reasonable c...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002130050720
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A two flavour, unbiased, taste preference conditioning procedure was used to test for possible motivating effects of gamma 2-MSH. Three training trials failed to produce any significant effect with doses ranging from 2.4 to 40 micrograms/ICV infusion in drug-naive, non-operated or placebo-implanted rats. However, in r...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00634469
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Depressive disorders are conditions that often require continuous treatment, and it is therefore important to evaluate the consequences of prolonged administration. There are few studies assessing cognitive functions of depressed patients after long-term use of antidepressants. OBJECTIVES:This study evaluate...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-005-0274-2
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes specific behaviours in guinea-pigs after dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor activation which differed to those described in other rodent species. Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the dopamine D-2 receptor agonist quinpirole (1.5, 3 and 6 mg/kg) to guinea-pigs dose-dependently initiated locomotor ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244179
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine (0.16--0.50 mg/kg, SC) was found to exert a potent antinociceptive action on thermal stimuli as measured by the tail-flick test. This antinociceptive action of nicotine could be blocked by centrally active nicotinic or muscarinic blockers implicating both classes of cholinergic receptors in this effect. Quate...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00492216
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The alcohol-preferring AA rats have previously been shown to drink more solution containing the opioid etonitazene than the alcohol-avoiding ANA rats. The present experiments were initiated to see whether the line difference in opioid and alcohol intake would persist if an intravenous (i.v.) route of self-administrati...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02247335
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated treatment (15 days) with d-amphetamine (AMP) or fenfluramine (FEN), administered after a daily 3 h feeding session (e.g. post-session), would result in tolerance or cross-tolerance to the decrement in food consumption induced by treatment with either drug bef...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00435853
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that serotonin (5-HT) antagonists counteract neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms by disinhibition of dopamine activity. The effects of the 5-HT antagonist mianserin, the anticholinergic drug procyclidine and placebo were evaluated in 16 psychiatric patients with chronic neuroleptic-induced...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00310523
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of vitamin B12 are compared to those of aspirin and 0.9% saline in three different experimental pain models in rats and mice; an electric shock test, the hot-plate test, and the phenylbenzoquinone writhing test. Neither cyanocobalamin nor hydroxocobalamin showed any antinociceptive activity in any of the t...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427267
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Model psychosis is characterised by experimentally induced symptoms of withdrawal from reality, frequently accompanied by perceptual disturbances, thought disorders, delusional ideas and sometimes by hallucinations. These "altered states of consciousness" provide a long-standing and valid approach to enhan...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-009-1591-7
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:A rigorously investigated model of stress and antidepressant administration during pregnancy is needed to evaluate possible effects on the mother. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to develop a model of clinically relevant prenatal exposure to an antidepressant and stress during pregnancy to evaluate...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-013-3030-z
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Recent findings have shown a complexly regulated 5-HT system as it is linked to different kinds of aggression. OBJECTIVE:We focus on (1) phasic and tonic changes of 5-HT and (2) state and trait of aggression, and emphasize the different receptor subtypes, their role in specific brain regions, feed-back regul...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-2000-y
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Established social groups of talapoin monkeys show rank-related differences in aggressive, social and sexual behaviours and visual monitoring, as well as in endocrine and monoamine profiles. Here we describe the effects on these variables of an "anxiogenic drug", beta-carboline carboxylic acid ethyl ester (beta-CCE), ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00179193
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Despite the high prevalence of nicotine use in humans, robust nicotine self-administration has been difficult to demonstrate in laboratory animals. OBJECTIVES:A parametric analysis of nicotine self-administration was conducted to study its reinforcing effects in nonhuman primates. METHODS:Adult rhesus macaq...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-016-4293-y
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cataleptogenic effect of delta 9-THC was compared to its discriminative stimulus effects in rats. The ED50s for the discriminative stimulus and catalepsy were 0.8 and 4.0 mg/kg, respectively, while their time courses were very similar. The ED50 of delta 9-THC for catalepsy in experimentally naive rats was not diff...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02244975
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CSF GABA levels were not significantly different in a group of drug-free psychotic patients compared to a group of psychotic patients at two points during haloperidol treatment or a neurological comparison group. In the untreated group, CSF GABA was significantly negatively correlated with clinical ratings of anxiety ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00427885
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two experiments examined the effect of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist, zolpidem, on palatable fluid intake in water-deprived rats. In the first experiment, pretreatment with 3.0 or 10.0 mg/kg zolpidem IP was found to increase consumption of a novel glucose drink (3% d-glucose and 0.15 sodium saccharine w/v in wat...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02245521
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were chronically administered either haloperidol (HAL) or fluphenazine (FLU) via depot injections for 8 months, given these same drugs in their drinking water for the next 2 months, and then withdrawn from the drugs. Throughout the experiment the animals were tested repeatedly in an enclosed tube using a computer...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00174701
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixty-two DSM III chronic schizophrenic inpatients were selected for a double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre, relapse prevention study of remoxipride, a selective dopamine (D2)-receptor antagonist. After a 1 month placebo washout, 23 patients had relapsed and were withdrawn. Of the remaining patients 19 were ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02245134
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Repetitive cocaine exposure has been shown to induce GABAergic thalamic alterations. Given the key role of T-type (Ca(V)3) calcium channels in thalamocortical physiology, the direct involvement of these calcium channels in cocaine-mediated effects needs to be further explored. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-010-1947-z
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efforts to find a correlation between serum levels of chlorpromazine (CPZ) and clinical effect have been rather unsuccessful, which could be due to fluctuations of CPZ and CPZ metabolite levels during treatment, the complicated metabolism of CPZ, or to varying degrees of protein binding. Using a mass fragmentographic ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00431102
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and amphetamine (AMPH) were tested, alone or in combination, in BALB/c mice pretreated with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMT) and subjected to shuttle-box avoidance training. CDP and AMPH, given alone, partly reversed avoidance depression induced by 50 mg/kg of AMT, but were ineffective in mice pret...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00433495
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a randomised, double-blind, parallel groups study, 40 patients referred for surgical removal of impacted third molars received either (a) temazepam 40 mg orally followed at 35 min by IV saline or (b) oral placebo followed by IV diazepam 10 mg (Diazemuls). Patients were divided into High-Anxious and Low-Anxious grou...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00652245
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of flurazepam (0.0, 0.5, and 3.0 mg/kg) on methylphenidate-induced increases in stereotypy, gnawing, sniffing, and locomotion were evaluated in Swiss-Webster mice in daytime and nighttime experiments. Methylphenidate (50 mg/kg) increased overall stereotypy and stereotyped gnawing behavior; two doses of met...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00432374
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Offensive and defensive components of aggressive behavior were determined in resident and intruder mice. Withdrawal aggression was measured after the removal of a subcutaneous morphine pellet or after precipitation by naloxone in naive mice and after removal of a morphine pellet in mice with prior fighting experience....
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00174059
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements of the amplitude and latency of the P3b component of the event-related potential (ERP), simple reaction time (SRT) and four psychomotor tests (VAS, DSST, DSp and CFF) were made on 12 male subjects (aged 19-24 years) 1.0-1.5 and 4.0-4.5 h after single oral doses of triprolidine (7.5 mg), terfenadine (60 mg...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00451699
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haloperidol has recently been found to be metabolized to its pyridinium ion (HP+). This conversion of haloperidol to HP+ appears to be similar to the activation of the dopaminergic neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to N-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion (MPP+). MPP+ is responsible for the dam...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02246077
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Higher rates of delay discounting, or impulsive choice, may be related to relapse during abstinence reinforcement interventions for cigarette smoking, and a transdermal nicotine patch may attenuate delay discounting. OBJECTIVE:The objectives of this study are to assess the relation between delay discounting ...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00213-006-0627-5
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:F17464, a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist with relatively high D3 selectivity (70 fold vs D2 in vitro), exhibits an antipsychotic profile in preclinical studies, and therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated in a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with schizophrenia (Bitter et al. Neuropsych...
journal_title：Psychopharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00213-019-05387-w
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
