Group II mGlu receptor antagonist LY341495 enhances the antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in the forced swim test in rats.

abstract：RATIONALE:Exercise stimulates the release of endogenous opioid peptides and increases nociceptive (i.e. pain) thresholds in both human and animal subjects. During chronic, long-term exercise, sensitivity to the effects of morphine and other mu opioids decreases, leading some investigators to propose that exercise may l...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smith MA,Yancey DL

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NCQ 298 ((S)-3-iodo-N-[(l-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5,6- dimethoxysalicylamide) has an iodine substituent. We have labelled NCQ 298 with 123I and 125I, and used the radioligands as tracers in receptor studies in vitro, in vivo in autoradiography and in SPECT studies on Cynomolgus monkeys. [125I]NCQ 298 bound in vit...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hall H,Högberg T,Halldin C,Köhler C,Ström P,Ross SB,Larsson SA,Farde L

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The drug discrimination procedure has proven to be a valuable tool for studying the mechanism of action of psychoactive drugs. Recently, mice with targeted gene mutations have been developed that may also prove useful in evaluating the role of specific receptors in mediating the actions of drugs. We were inte...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smith RL,Barrett RJ,Sanders-Bush E

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Delaying presentation of a drug can decrease its effectiveness as a reinforcer, but the effect of delaying punishment of drug self-administration is unknown. OBJECTIVE:This study examined whether a histamine injection could punish cocaine self-administration in a drug-drug choice, whether delaying histamine ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Woolverton WL,Freeman KB,Myerson J,Green L

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relationships between aging effects on apomorphine (AP)-induced stereotypy and AP concentrations in plasma and brain were studied in rats. In two separate behavioral studies, four groups of male Wistar rats (3, 6, 20, and 43 weeks of age) and two groups of female Wistar rats (5 and 35 weeks of age) were used, respecti...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Watanabe H,Nakano S,Ogawa N

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare the subchronic, low-dose effects of clozapine with those of olanzapine in a learned behavioral task previously shown to distinguish between clozapine and haloperidol with acute and subchronic treatment regimes. Rats were trained to use a single forelimb to press a force-recordi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stanford JA,Fowler SC

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pretreatment of rats with hydantoin (75 mg/kg, PO, an anticonvulsant), trihexyphenidyl (10 mg/kg, SC, a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist), or piperonyl butoxide (500 mg/kg, PO, a metabolic inhibitor) had no effect on the whole blood or brain tissue levels of orally administered DDT (75 mg/kg) or its metabolites DDD a...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Herr DW,Hong JS,Chen P,Tilson HA,Harry GJ

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of practice while under intoxication was tested on the development of acute tolerance to the motor impairment effect of ethanol. In experiment 1, the motor impairment effect induced by an IP injection of 1.8 g/kg ethanol was quantified after various intervals in separate groups of animals. Lower impairme...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lê AD,Kalant H

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Catecholamine transmission modulates numerous cognitive and reward-related processes that can subserve more complex functions such as cost/benefit decision making. Dopamine has been shown to play an integral role in decisions involving reward uncertainty, yet there is a paucity of research investigating the c...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Montes DR,Stopper CM,Floresco SB

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nicotine improves cognitive function in a number of animal models including rats, mice, monkeys, and recently, zebrafish. The zebrafish model allows higher throughput and ease in discovering mechanisms of cognitive improvement. MATERIALS AND METHODS:To further characterize the neural bases of nicotine effect...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Eddins D,Petro A,Williams P,Cerutti DT,Levin ED

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In previous research, sensitization of stereotypy induced by injections of 2.5 mg/kg amphetamine did not interfere with subsequent tolerance development to the hypophagic effect of 2 mg/kg. This study examined the effect of a higher sensitizing dose. Rats given intermittent injections of 5 mg/kg amphetamine and then c...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hughes KM,Popi L,Wolgin DL

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Hypersignaling of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) has been implicated in stress disorders; however, many of its downstream mechanisms of action remain unclear. In vitro, CRF1 receptor activation initiates multiple cell signaling cascades, including protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and mito...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Toth M,Gresack JE,Hauger RL,Halberstadt AL,Risbrough VB

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was depleted in rats by intraventricular injection with 5,7-dihyroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) prior to feeding rats a liquid diet containing ethanol. After withdrawal of ethanol, withdrawal reactions were significantly less severe in 5-HT-depleted rats than control rats. Sleeping times afte...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wood JM

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Repeated social stress experiences engender "behavioral sensitization" and may also increase the potential for abuse of psychomotor stimulants, particularly cocaine use during "binges." OBJECTIVE:Experimental protocols were designed to induce behavioral sensitization through exposures to social-defeat stress...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Covington HE 3rd,Miczek KA

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mood-altering properties of amphetamine (AMPH) in humans (euphoria and depression) have been postulated to be related to the increases and decreases respectively which this drug produces in the sensitivity of the reward system of the brain. The present study further evaluated this relationship by testing the effec...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Leith NJ,Barrett RJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The i.v. pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold was increased by 2.5 mg/kg and decreased by 15 mg/kg of a single (+)-amphetamine dose. After 7 consecutive days of amphetamine administration, tolerance developed to the decrease but not to the increase in seizure threshold. At 12--48 h after the last dose of 2.5 mg/kg seiz...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Riffee WH,Gerald MC

更新日期：1977-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Different venlafaxine doses (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) and saline solution were administered to ten male Wistar rats (Latin-Square design). Compared with saline, venlafaxine produced a dose-related suppression of REM sleep and an increase in wake time while slow wave sleep was reduced. This effect is similar to the one that...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Salin-Pascual RJ,Moro-Lopez ML

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The characterization of self-administration (SA) under extended access conditions is necessary for the development of addiction models. OBJECTIVE:The purposes of this experiment were to investigate: (1) dose effects on the initiation of cocaine SA under extended access conditions; (2) predictable individual ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mantsch JR,Ho A,Schlussman SD,Kreek MJ

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The issue of whether tolerance develops to the motivational effects of opioids was addressed by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure. Administration of the mu-opioid agonists morphine or fentanyl produced dose-related preferences for the drug-associated place in control rats. In contrast, the kap...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Shippenberg TS,Emmett-Oglesby MW,Ayesta FJ,Herz A

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Although both contain behaviourally significant concentrations of caffeine, tea is commonly perceived to be a less stimulating drink than coffee. At least part of the explanation for this may be that theanine, which is present in tea but not coffee, has relaxing effects. There is also some evidence that thean...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rogers PJ,Smith JE,Heatherley SV,Pleydell-Pearce CW

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of brain noradrenaline synthesis and receptor activation for the hyperkinesia induced by carbidopa plus L-Dopa in reserpine-treated or normal mice was analyzed in four different models. After pretreatment with reserpine and the monoamine oxidase inhibitor nialamide, the hyperkinesia induced by L-Dopa (2...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Andén NE,Strömbom U,Svensson TH

更新日期：1977-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were trained to discriminate fenfluramine (1.0 mg/kg) from saline in a two-lever drug discrimination task. The dose-response curve for this discrimination was orderly with an ED50 of about one-half of the training dose (0.52 mg/kg). In substitution tests, indirect (p-chloroamphetamine) and direct (quipazine, MK-2...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： White FJ,Appel JB

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated behavioural effects of very potent 5-HT reuptake inhibitors after acute treatment (cianopramine and citalopram), as well as after chronic treatment (cianopramine), in two behavioural models of anxiety: 1) the light/dark choice procedure in mice and 2) the elevated plus-maze test in rats. In add...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Griebel G,Moreau JL,Jenck F,Misslin R,Martin JR

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of chronic desmethylimipramine (DMI) treatment on measures of incentive motivation for cocaine were assessed in order to investigate the predictive validity of the extinction/reinstatement model of drug craving. Rats were trained to respond for cocaine infusions (0.75 mg/kg per 0.1 ml i.v.) or received yok...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Fuchs RA,Tran-Nguyen LT,Specio SE,Groff RS,Neisewander JL

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predatory behavior of ferrets (Putorius putorius furo L.) consists mainly of instinctive behavioral patterns that are elicited by simple external stimuli. For the ferret, the time needed to catch and kill rats depends on the size of the rats in relation to that of the ferret. Killing success decreases with a relat...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Apfelbach R

更新日期：1978-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Serotonergic mechanisms are thought to play an important role in the regulation of mood, motor activity and sleep patterns. Serotonin reuptake is controlled by the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and by a common functional insertion/deletion polymorphism in the corresponding gene's promoter region (5-HTTLPR). H...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Putzhammer A,Schoeler A,Rohrmeier T,Sand P,Hajak G,Eichhammer P

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research was conducted to examine the ability of alcohol to impart conditioned reinforcement. Rats were allowed to self-administer solutions of either saline or alcohol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/infusion) by the intragastric route. Superimposed on the infusion interval was a buzzer (conditioned reinforcing stimulus). Tes...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smith SG,Werner TE,Davis WM

更新日期：1977-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Several recent studies have focused on glutamate modulating agents for symptoms relief in schizophrenia, especially negative symptoms which are resistant to conventional therapies. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of riluzole, an anti-glutamate agent with neuroprotective properties...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Farokhnia M,Sabzabadi M,Pourmahmoud H,Khodaie-Ardakani MR,Hosseini SM,Yekehtaz H,Tabrizi M,Rezaei F,Salehi B,Akhondzadeh S

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Hypericum perforatum L., known as St. John's wort (SJW), is used as a phytotherapeutic agent for the treatment of mild to moderate forms of depression. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of SJW extract (STW 3-VI; 250 and 500 mg/kg; p.o.) and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o.) on gene...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jungke P,Ostrow G,Li JL,Norton S,Nieber K,Kelber O,Butterweck V

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NNC 756 is a new benzazepine with high affinity and selectivity for D1-dopamine receptors. In a double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over study, positron emission tomography and the radioligand [11C]SCH 23390 were used to determine central D1-dopamine receptor occupancy after a single oral dose of 80 mg NNC 756 in ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Karlsson P,Farde L,Halldin C,Sedvall G,Ynddal L,Sloth-Nielsen M

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00