Abstract：
:Learning and memory are associated with the formation and modification of neuronal assemblies: populations of neurons that encode what has been learned and mediate memory retrieval upon recall. Functional studies of neuronal assemblies have progressed dramatically thanks to recent technological advances. Here we discuss how a focus on assembly formation and consolidation has provided a powerful conceptual framework to relate mechanistic studies of synaptic and circuit plasticity to behaviorally relevant aspects of learning and memory. Neurons are likely recruited to particular learning-related assemblies as a function of their relative excitabilities and synaptic activation, followed by selective strengthening of pre-existing synapses, formation of new connections and elimination of outcompeted synapses to ensure memory formation. Mechanistically, these processes involve linking transcription to circuit modification. They include the expression of immediate early genes and specific molecular and cellular events, supported by network-wide activities that are shaped and modulated by local inhibitory microcircuits.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Holtmaat A,Caroni Pdoi
10.1038/nn.4418subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-01 00:00:00pages
1553-1562issue
12eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726pii
nn.4418journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Protein-coding de novo mutations (DNMs) are significant risk factors in many neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas schizophrenia (SCZ) risk associated with DNMs has thus far been shown to be modest. We analyzed DNMs from 1,695 SCZ-affected trios and 1,077 published SCZ-affected trios to better understand the contribut...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41593-019-0564-3
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A brief visual target stimulus may be rendered invisible if it is immediately preceded or followed by another stimulus. This class of illusions, known as visual masking, may allow insights into the neural mechanisms that underlie visual perception. We have therefore explored the temporal characteristics of masking ill...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/393
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that presynaptic-acting NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) are important for neocortical synaptic transmission and plasticity. We found that unique properties of the NR3A subunit enable preNMDARs to enhance spontaneous and evoked glutamate release and that NR3A is required for spike timing-dependent l...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2750
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) neurons is a prominent feature of aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). The basis of this vulnerability is not understood. To explore possible physiological determinants, we studied LC neurons using electrophysiological and optical approa...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3717
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The autosomal dominant disorder neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a hereditary tumor syndrome caused by inactivation of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene, encoding merlin. Apart from tumors affecting the peripheral and central nervous systems, most NF2 patients develop peripheral neuropathies. This peripheral nerve diseas...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3348
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) D2 receptors expressed in DA neurons (D2 autoreceptors) exert a negative feedback regulation that reduces DA neuron firing, DA synthesis and DA release. As D2 receptors are mostly expressed in postsynaptic neurons, pharmacological and genetic approaches have been unable to definitively address the in viv...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2862
更新日期：2011-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41593-019-0546-5
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The healthy human brain is a mosaic of varied genomes. Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposition is known to create mosaicism by inserting L1 sequences into new locations of somatic cell genomes. Using a machine learning-based, single-cell sequencing approach, we discovered that somatic L1-associat...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4388
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recording from neural networks at the resolution of action potentials is critical for understanding how information is processed in the brain. Here, we address this challenge by developing an organic material-based, ultraconformable, biocompatible and scalable neural interface array (the 'NeuroGrid') that can record b...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3905
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear-inducing memories can be state dependent, meaning that they can best be retrieved if the brain states at encoding and retrieval are similar. Restricted access to such memories can present a risk for psychiatric disorders and hamper their treatment. To better understand the mechanisms underlying state-dependent fe...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4084
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the regulation of T-type channels by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). Activation of ROCK via the endogenous ligand lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) reversibly inhibited the peak current amplitudes of rat Ca(v)3.1 and Ca(v)3.3 channels without affecting the voltage dependence of activation or inactivation, wher...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1921
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hallmark of addiction is the loss of control over drug intake, which is seen in only a fraction of those exposed to stimulant drugs such as cocaine. The cellular mechanisms underlying vulnerability or resistance to compulsive drug use remain unknown. We found that individual variability in the development of highly ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3369
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Economic choice entails assigning values to the available options and is impaired by lesions to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Recent results show that some neurons in the OFC encode the values that monkeys (Macaca mulatta) assign to different goods when they choose between them. A broad and fundamental question is h...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn2020
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we report that synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors have opposite effects on CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) function, gene regulation and neuron survival. Calcium entry through synaptic NMDA receptors induced CREB activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn835
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic stimulation activates signal transduction pathways, producing persistently active protein kinases. PKMzeta is a truncated, persistently active isoform of atypical protein kinase C-zeta (aPKCzeta), which lacks the N-terminal pseudosubstrate regulatory domain. Using a Pavlovian olfactory learning task in Drosop...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn820
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spinal cord is the initial stage that integrates temperature information from peripheral inputs. Here we used molecular genetics and in vivo calcium imaging to investigate the coding of cutaneous temperature in the spinal cord in mice. We found that heating or cooling the skin evoked robust calcium responses in sp...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4350
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons in thalamorecipient layers of sensory cortices integrate thalamocortical and intracortical inputs. Although we know that their functional properties can arise from the convergence of thalamic inputs, intracortical circuits could also be involved in thalamocortical transformations of sensory information. We sil...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3494
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microcircuits composed of principal neuron and interneuron dendrites have an important role in shaping the representation of sensory information in the olfactory bulb. Here we establish the physiological features governing synaptic signaling in dendrodendritic microcircuits of olfactory bulb glomeruli. We show that de...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn1403
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal migration disorders such as lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia are associated with epilepsy and intellectual disability. DCX, PAFAH1B1 and TUBA1A are mutated in these disorders; however, corresponding mouse mutants do not show heterotopic neurons in the neocortex. In contrast, spontaneously arisen...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.3729
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work has shown that human adolescents may be hypersensitive to rewards, but it is not known which aspect of reward processing is responsible for this. We separated decision value and prediction error signals and found that neural prediction error signals in the striatum peaked in adolescence, whereas neural d...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.2558
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The auditory system encodes sound by decomposing the amplitude signal arriving at the ear into multiple frequency bands whose center frequencies and bandwidths are approximately exponential functions of the distance from the stapes. This organization is thought to result from the adaptation of cochlear mechanisms to t...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn831
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lateral and medial parts of entorhinal cortex (EC) convey nonspatial 'what' and spatial 'where' information, respectively, into hippocampal CA1, via both the indirect EC layer 2→ hippocampal dentate gyrus→CA3→CA1 and the direct EC layer 3→CA1 paths. However, it remains elusive how the direct path transfers distinct in...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4517
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modeling of human neuropsychiatric disorders in animals is extremely challenging given the subjective nature of many symptoms, the lack of biomarkers and objective diagnostic tests, and the early state of the relevant neurobiology and genetics. Nonetheless, progress in understanding pathophysiology and in treatment de...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn.2647
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A moving grating elicits innate optomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae; they swim in the direction of perceived motion. We took advantage of this behavior, using computer-animated displays, to determine what attributes of motion are extracted by the fish visual system. As in humans, first-order (luminance-defined or F...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/80649
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate how the brain combines knowledge with visual processing to locate eye movement targets, we trained monkeys to search for a target defined by a conjunction of color and shape. On successful trials, neurons in the frontal eye field not only discriminated the target from distractors, but also discriminated...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/9205
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we compared the processing of sinusoidal tones in the auditory cortex of 12 non-musicians, 12 professional musicians and 13 amateur musicians. We found neurophysiological and anatomical differences between groups. In professional musicians as compared to non-musicians, the activity ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn871
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain neural stem cells (radial glial progenitors, RGPs) undergo a mysterious form of cell cycle-entrained interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) that is driven apically by cytoplasmic dynein and basally by the kinesin KIF1A, which has recently been implicated in human brain developmental disease. To understand the cons...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/nn.4213
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely held that color and motion are processed by separate parallel pathways in the visual system, but this view is difficult to reconcile with the fact that motion can be detected in equiluminant stimuli that are defined by color alone. To examine the relationship between color and motion, we tested three pati...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/688
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The music faculty is not a monolithic entity that a person either has or does not. Rather, it comprises a set of neurally isolable processing components, each having the potential to be specialized for music. Here we propose a functional architecture for music processing that captures the typical properties of modular...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/nn1083
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the version of this article initially published, the traces in Fig. 1j and in Fig. 1k, right, were duplicated from the corresponding traces in Fig. 1c, bottom, and Fig. 1d, bottom right. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article. ...
journal_title：Nature neuroscience
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41593-018-0183-4
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
